Utility of green chemistry for native spectrofluorimetric quantification of darolutamide as a modern anti-neoplastic drug in its market form and biological fluids

Analysis of vericiguat via ion-pairing with eosin Y as a spectrofluorimetric and spectrophotometric probe: Application to content uniformity test

Using spectroscopy, quick and sensitive analytical methods based on Eosin Y ion pairing were developed and assessed in order to determine vericiguat with high selectivity and sensitivity. The drug is used for treating symptomatic chronic heart failure (HF), The quenching impact of vericiguat on the Eosin Y's fluorescence at a pH 3.3, in 0.1 M acetate buffer solution was observed using spectrofluorometric technique. This technique is regarded as the original spectrofluorometric technique for the assay of vericiguat. The quenching effect on fluorescence was ranged from 100 to 1000 ng mL-1. The absorbance of the generated ion-pair was measured using spectrophotometric method at 550 nm in aqueous buffered solutions with pH 3.3. In the concentration range of 1.0-10.0 µg mL-1, Beer's law was followed. The two approaches were applied to the analysis of dosage forms with a high percent recovery successfully, and they were assessed in compliance with ICH guidelines. Moreover, the method's sustainability was evaluated and compared to the published method using two greenness assessment tools termed analytical eco-scale and Analytical GREENness (AGREE). That findings suggest that the method is more sustainable than the published method.

Analysis of Two Oncological Drugs Futibatinib and Capivasertib via Ion-Pairing With Eosin Y as a Spectrofluorimetric and Spectrophotometric Probe

Using spectroscopy, two quick and sensitive analytical methods based on eosin Y ion pairing were developed and assessed in order to determine capivasertib and futibatinib with high selectivity and sensitivity. The quenching impact of futibatinib or capivasertib on the eosin Y's fluorescence at a pH 3.8 and 3.3 for futibatinib and capivasertib, respectively, in 0.1-M acetate buffer solution was observed using two spectrofluorometric techniques. These techniques are regarded as the original spectrofluorometric techniques for the assay of futibatinib and capivasertib. For futibatinib and capivasertib, the quenching effect on fluorescence was ranged from 100 to 1000 and 150 to 1500 ng mL-1, respectively. The absorbance of the generated ion-pair was measured using two different spectrophotometric methods at 550 nm in aqueous buffered solutions with pH values of 3.8 and 3.3 for futibatinib and capivasertib, respectively. In the concentration range of 1.0-10.0 and 2.0-10.0 μg mL-1, Beer's law was followed. The four approaches were applied to the analysis of dosage forms with a high percent recovery successfully, and they were assessed in compliance with ICH guidelines.

Spectrofluorimetric determination of tapinarof via Zn (II) complexation and assessment of its topical dosage application

Topical tapinarof is used to treat plaque psoriasis (a skin disease in which red and scaly patches form are appeared on some areas of the body). The goal of the current research is to establish a facile and rapid fluorimetric technique for tapinarof analysis. The approach relied on the reaction between the drug and zinc ion through metal complexation to produce a highly-fluorescent product. The fluorescence was further enhanced by adding sodium dodecyl sulfate, and it was observed at 542 nm following excitation at 497 nm. With a correlation coefficient of 0.9997, the association between emission intensity and tapinarof concentration was linear between 2.0 and 120 ng mL-1. 1.021 ng mL-1 was the quantitation limit while 0.366 ng mL-1 was the detection limit. The buffer type, pH and concentration, type of surfactant and concentration, and finally the diluting solvent were among the reaction conditions that were closely examined and it was found that the optimum conditions were obtained upon employing teorell-stenhagen buffer optimized at pH 6.0, 1.38 × 10-2 M SDS and distilled water as a solvent are the suitable choice. With great precision and reliability, the drug under study was quantified using this method in ointment formulations. The proposed method's level of greenness was assessed using two methodologies: the analytical greenness metric (AGREE) and the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), with good recovery results ensuring high efficiency of the proposed approach on analysis of ointment without any interference from additives and excipients.

Utility of green chemistry for sustainable fluorescence derivatization approach for spectrofluorimetric quantification of Darolutamide as antineoplastic drug in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human plasma

Darolutamide is an oral nonsteroidal androgen receptor antagonist used to delay the process of prostate cancer to metastatic disease and to increase the quality of life for people with advanced prostate cancer. Here, a second spectrofluorimetric method was advanced for quantifying Darolutamide in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked human plasma. This method depends on the fluorescence derivatization of Darolutamide with 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBD-Cl) at 75°C in a (pH 9) of borate buffer to produce a fluorescent derivative that can be detected at 520 nm after excitation at 460 nm. The method has been validated using ICH criteria, and it demonstrated linearity in the range 5-200 ng ml-1 . The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 1.15 and 3.84 nm, respectively. The proposed method was applied precisely and accurately for quantifying Darolutamide within the pharmaceutical formulation and spiking human plasma without any interferences. Moreover, the method's sustainability was evaluated and compared with the published method using two greenness assessment tools termed analytical eco-scale and Analytical GREEnness (AGREE). These findings suggest that the method is more sustainable than the published method.