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Jiang YK, Tian YL, Feng J, Zhang H, Wang L, Yang WA, Xu XD, Liu RR. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Inherently Chiral Calix[4]arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407752. [PMID: 38844430 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Inherently chiral calix[4]arenes are an excellent structural scaffold for enantioselective synthesis, chiral recognition, sensing, and circularly polarized luminescence. However, their catalytic enantioselective synthesis remains challenging. Herein, we report an efficient synthesis of inherently chiral calix[4]arene derivatives via cascade enantioselective cyclization and oxidation reactions. The three-component reaction features a broad substrate scope (33 examples), high efficiency (up to 90 % yield), and excellent enantioselectivity (>95 % ee on average). The potential applications of calix[4]arene derivatives are highlighted by their synthetic transformation and a detailed investigation of their photophysical and chiroptical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kun Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yong-Le Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jia Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Wei-Ao Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Xing-Dong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Ren-Rong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Provincial Universities for Functional Molecules and Materials, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Li T, Zhang Y, Du C, Yang D, Song MP, Niu JL. Simultaneous construction of inherent and axial chirality by cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective C-H activation of calix[4]arenes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7673. [PMID: 39242562 PMCID: PMC11379863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The simultaneous construction of multiple stereogenic elements in a single step is highly appealing and desirable in the field of asymmetric synthesis. Furthermore, the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of inherently chiral calix[n]arenes with high enantiopurity has long been a challenging endeavor. Herein, we report an enantioselective cobalt-catalyzed C-H activation/annulation for the efficient construction of inherently chiral calix[4]arenes bearing multiple C-N axially chiral element. By employing the benzamide tethered calix[4]arene as the substrate, the C-H annulation with alkynes can be successfully accomplished, leading to the generation of multiple stereogenic elements. A wide range of calix[4]arenes and alkynes are found to be well compatible, and exhibit good yields, high enantioselectivity and excellent diastereoselectivity. Notably, the gram-scale reaction, catalytic application, synthetic transformations, and chiral recognition further showcase the potential applications of this protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cong Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Long Niu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Giovanardi G, Cattani S, Balestri D, Secchi A, Cera G. Iridium-Catalyzed C-H Borylations: Regioselective Functionalizations of Calix[4]arene Macrocycles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8486-8499. [PMID: 38816966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We report iridium-catalyzed C-H borylations for the regioselective synthesis of distally disubstituted calix[4]arene macrocycles. The atom- and step-economical method led to a broad family of calix[4]arenes in good yields and functional group tolerance. The synthetic utility of the C-H borylation protocol was finally illustrated with several late-stage modifications for the synthesis of elaborate calix[4]arenes frameworks, otherwise challenging to achieve with commonly employed procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giovanardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Cattani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Balestri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Secchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Li JH, Li XK, Feng J, Yao W, Zhang H, Lu CJ, Liu RR. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Seven-Membered Ring with Inherent Chirality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319289. [PMID: 38185722 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Inherent chirality is used to describe chiral cyclic molecules devoid of central, axial, planar, or helical chirality and has tremendous applications in chiral recognition and enantioselective synthesis. Catalytic and divergent syntheses of inherently chiral molecules have attracted increasing interest from chemists. Herein, we report the enantioselective synthesis of inherently chiral tribenzocycloheptene derivatives via chiral phosphoric acid (CPA)-catalyzed condensation of cyclic ketones and hydroxylamines. This chemistry paves the way to accessing the less stable derivatives of 7-membered rings with inherent chirality. A series of chiral tribenzocycloheptene oxime ethers was synthesized in good yields (up to 97 %) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiao-Kai Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jia Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wang Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chuan-Jun Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ren-Rong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, NingXia Road 308#, Qingdao, 266071, China
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