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Jiang T, Huang J, Ran G, Song Q, Wang C. A colorimetric and fluorometric dual-mode carbon dots probe derived from phenanthroline precursor for the selective detection of Fe 2+ and Fe 3. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:325-333. [PMID: 36539607 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Iron's metabolism is heavily involved in the regulation of redox balance for cell functions, however, the simultaneous monitoring of Fe2+/3+ concentration is still a great challenge due to their transitional nature in biological systems. A novel type of carbon dots (CDs) was synthesized by solvothermal treatment with 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline (Aphen) and salicylic acid as precursors, and the resulting targeted CDs (T-CDs) were used to simultaneously detect Fe2+ and Fe3+. Comprehensive experimental characterizations revealed that the strong binding affinity of Aphen moiety to Fe2+ leads to the formation of rigid T-CDs aggregates, which causes a substantial enhancement of fluorescence intensity, whereas Fe3+ could cause the fluorescence quenching of T-CDs due to the oxidation-reduction induced electron transfer. These different fluorescence responses allow T-CDs to sensitively differentiate Fe2+ from Fe3+, and give the limit of detection (LOD) of 1.78 and 2.78 μM for Fe2+ and Fe3+, respectively. Furthermore, the Aphen dominated structure endows the T-CDs with a colorimetric response to Fe2+ with a LOD of 0.13 μM, which is very different from Fe3+. Thus, the dynamic changes of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in solution can be accurately monitored by T-CDs within the total iron concentration of 50 μM, which is probably the most sensitive dual-mode probe reported so far. In addition, this probe is successfully applied to detect the Fe2+/3+ concentration in cells, demonstrating a huge application potential in the sensing of the dynamic equilibrium of these important transition metals during the cell metabolism or stimulated process. The dynamic changes of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in solution can be accurately monitored by carbon dots based on the colorimetric and fluorometric dual-mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Guoxia Ran
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qijun Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Felorzabihi N, Froimowicz P, Haley JC, Bardajee GR, Li B, Bovero E, van Veggel FCJM, Winnik MA. Determination of the Förster Distance in Polymer Films by Fluorescence Decay for Donor Dyes with a Nonexponential Decay Profile. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:2262-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jp807637s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Felorzabihi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Pablo Froimowicz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Jeffrey C. Haley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Ghasem Rezanejad Bardajee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Binxin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Enrico Bovero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Frank C. J. M. van Veggel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E5; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6; and Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 5C2
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The use of coumarins as environmentally-sensitive fluorescent probes of heterogeneous inclusion systems. Molecules 2009; 14:210-37. [PMID: 19127249 PMCID: PMC6253935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14010210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coumarins, as a family of molecules, exhibit a wide range of fluorescence emission properties. In many cases, this fluorescence is extremely sensitive to the local environment of the molecule, especially the local polarity and microviscosity. In addition, coumarins show a wide range of size, shape, and hydrophobicity. These properties make them especially useful as fluorescent probes of heterogeneous environments, such as supramolecular host cavities, micelles, polymers and solids. This article will review the use of coumarins to probe such heterogeneous systems using fluorescence spectroscopy.
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