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Sio YY, Gan WL, Ng WS, Matta SA, Say YH, Teh KF, Wong YR, Rawanan Shah SM, Reginald K, Chew FT. The ERBB2 Exonic Variant Pro1170Ala Modulates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Cascades and Associates with Allergic Asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:1010-1021. [PMID: 37336194 DOI: 10.1159/000530960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have indicated the ERBB2 genetic variants in the 17q12 locus might be associated with asthma; however, the functional effects of these variants on asthma risk remain inconclusive. This study aimed to characterize the functional roles of asthma-associated ERBB2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in asthma pathogenesis by performing genetic association and functional analysis studies. METHODS This study belongs to a part of an ongoing Singapore/Malaysia cross-sectional genetics and epidemiological study (SMCSGES). Genotype-phenotype associations were assessed by performing a genotyping assay on n = 4,348 ethnic Chinese individuals from the SMCSGES cohort. The phosphorylation levels of receptors and signaling proteins in the MAPK signaling cascades, including ErbB2, EGFR, and ERK1/2, were compared across the genotypes of asthma-associated SNPs through in vitro and ex vivo approaches. RESULTS The ERBB2 tag-SNP rs1058808 was significantly associated with allergic asthma, with the allele "G" identified as protective against the disease (adjusted logistic p = 6.56 × 10-9, OR = 0.625, 95% CI: 0.544-0.718). The allele "G" of rs1058808 resulted in a Pro1170Ala mutation that results in lower phosphorylation levels of ErbB2 in HaCat cells (p < 0.001), whereas the overall ERBB2 mRNA expression and the phosphorylation levels of EGFR remained unaffected. In the SMCSGES cohort, individuals carrying the genotype "GG" of rs1058808 had lower phosphorylated ERK1/2 proteins in the MAPK signaling cascade. A lower phosphorylation level of ERK1/2 was also associated with reduced asthma risk. CONCLUSIONS The present findings highlighted the involvement of a functional exonic variant of ERBB2 in asthma development via modulating the MAPK signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,
| | - Wei Liang Gan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wing Shan Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sri Anusha Matta
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee-How Say
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR)Kampar Campus, Kampar, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Keng Foo Teh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ru Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Smyrna Moti Rawanan Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Kavita Reginald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Wei H, Cai H, Jin Y, Wang P, Zhang Q, Lin Y, Wang W, Cheng J, Zeng N, Xu T, Zhou A. Structural basis of a novel heterodimeric Fc for bispecific antibody production. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51037-51049. [PMID: 28881627 PMCID: PMC5584228 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bispecific antibodies provide an efficient tool for combinational clinical therapy. Here we have engineered a heterodimeric Fc for bispecific antibodies production by combining the knob-into-hole and electrostatic steering strategies where a bulky hydrophobic residue Phe405 of the IgG CH3 interface is mutated to a charged residue Lys and Lys409 of the corresponding CH3 domain is mutated to Ala. The crystal structure of this Fc heterodimer solved here at 2.7Å resolution revealed how these two mutations resulted a complementary binding interface and explained why F405K mutation could effectively inhibit Fc homodimer formation during protein expression. An anti-HER2 bispecific antibody derived from trastuzumab and pertuzumab was generated by this heterodimeric Fc. It showed comparable or improved efficacy than the combination of trastuzumab and pertuzumab in inhibiting proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Overall this study shows that the heterodimeric Fc engineered here provides an efficient platform for generating active bispecific antibody for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudie Wei
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Cai
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhao Jin
- The Therapeutic Antibody Research Center of SEU-Alphamab, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pilin Wang
- The Therapeutic Antibody Research Center of SEU-Alphamab, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- The Therapeutic Antibody Research Center of SEU-Alphamab, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihui Lin
- Division of Translational Medicine, 3D Medicines Corporation, Shanghai, China
| | - Weixiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Humanities-Information, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Jinke Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Naiyan Zeng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Xu
- The Therapeutic Antibody Research Center of SEU-Alphamab, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiwu Zhou
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of The Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Meng Y, Zheng L, Yang Y, Wang H, Dong J, Wang C, Zhang Y, Yu X, Wang L, Xia T, Zhang D, Guo Y, Li B. A monoclonal antibody targeting ErbB2 domain III inhibits ErbB2 signaling and suppresses the growth of ErbB2-overexpressing breast tumors. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e211. [PMID: 26999718 PMCID: PMC4815051 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-ErbB2 antibodies trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination have recently been approved for the treatment of patients with ErbB2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Pertuzumab, which binds to ErbB2 near the center of domain II, and trastuzumab, which binds to the juxtamembrane region of ErbB2 domain IV, directly interfere with domain II- and domain IV-mediated heterodimerization contacts, respectively. In this study, we report a novel anti-ErbB2 antibody, 3E10, which binds to an epitope in domain III that appears to be located opposite to the dimerization interfaces in domain II and domain IV of ErbB2. Our data show that the 3E10 antibody inhibits ErbB2 heterodimerization via a mechanism that strikingly differs from trastuzumab and pertuzumab. It could be speculated that the 3E10 antibody may affect ErbB2 heterodimerization by causing major conformational changes of ErbB2. Furthermore, 3E10 provides synergistic inhibition of ErbB2 heterodimerization and signaling in combination with either trastuzumab or pertuzumab. The combination of these three anti-ErbB2 antibodies that have complementary mechanisms of action appears to be an extremely potent ErbB2 heterodimerization blocker. Compared with trastuzumab plus pertuzumab, the combination of trastuzumab, pertuzumab and 3E10 provides a more potent blockade of ErbB2 signaling. Consistent with this, trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus 3E10 results in greater in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity in ErbB2-overexpressing breast tumor models, suggesting its potential use for treating ErbB2-overexpressing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Meng
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zheng
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Yang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - H Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - J Dong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - X Yu
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - L Wang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - T Xia
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - D Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - B Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Evaluation of the dimerization profiles of HER tyrosine kinases by time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET). Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1233:45-55. [PMID: 25319888 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1789-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), such as those belonging to the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family, occurs only after receptor dimerization, which is a crucial step for cellular signal transduction and diversification. The HER family includes four members (EGFR/HER1, HER2, HER3, and HER4) that can homodimerize or heterodimerize. Here, we describe immunoassays based on time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) to profile EGFR-EGFR, HER2-HER2, and EGFR-HER2 dimers directly in tumor samples.
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5
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Fortian A, Sorkin A. Live-cell fluorescence imaging reveals high stoichiometry of Grb2 binding to the EGF receptor sustained during endocytosis. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:432-44. [PMID: 24259669 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.137786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) leads to its interaction with Grb2, a dual-function adapter mediating both signaling through Ras and receptor endocytosis. We used time-lapse three-dimensional imaging by spinning disk confocal microscopy to analyze trafficking of EGFR and Grb2 in living HeLa cells stimulated with low, physiological concentrations of EGFR ligands. Endogenous Grb2 was replaced in these cells by Grb2 fused to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). After transient residence in the plasma membrane, Rhodamine-conjugated EGF (EGF-Rh) and Grb2-YFP were rapidly internalized and accumulated in endosomes. Quantitative image analysis revealed that on average two Grb2-YFP molecules were colocalized with one EGF-Rh in cells stimulated with 2 ng/ml EGF-Rh, and the excess of Grb2-YFP over EGF-Rh was even higher when a receptor-saturating concentration of EGF-Rh was used. Therefore, we hypothesize that a single EGFR molecule can be simultaneously associated with functionally distinct Grb2 interaction partners during and after endocytosis. Continuous presence of Grb2-YFP in endosomes was also observed when EGFR was activated by transforming growth factor-α and amphiregulin, suggesting that endosomal EGFRs remain ligand occupied and signaling competent, despite the fact that these growth factors are thought to dissociate from the receptor at acidic pH. The prolonged localization and activity of EGFR-Grb2 complexes in endosomes correlated with the sustained activation of extracellular stimulus-regulated kinase 1/2, suggesting that endosomal EGFRs contribute significantly to this signaling pathway. We propose that endosomal EGFRs function to extend signaling in time and space to compensate for rapid downregulation of surface EGFRs in cells with low receptor expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arola Fortian
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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6
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Ho-Pun-Cheung A, Bazin H, Gaborit N, Larbouret C, Garnero P, Assenat E, Castan F, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Ramos J, Ychou M, Pèlegrin A, Mathis G, Lopez-Crapez E. Quantification of HER expression and dimerization in patients' tumor samples using time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37065. [PMID: 22829865 PMCID: PMC3400639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the development of targeted therapies against EGFR and HER2, two members of the human epidermal receptor (HER) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, much interest has been focused on their expression in tumors. However, knowing the expression levels of individual receptors may not be sufficient to predict drug response. Here, we describe the development of antibody-based time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) assays for the comprehensive analysis not only of EGFR and HER2 expression in tumor cryosections, but also of their activation through quantification of HER homo- or heterodimers. First, EGFR and HER2 expression levels were quantified in 18 breast tumors and the results were compared with those obtained by using reference methods. The EGFR number per cell determined by TR-FRET was significantly correlated with EGFR mRNA copy number (P<0.0001). Moreover, our method detected HER2 overexpression with 100% specificity and sensibility, as confirmed by the standard IHC, FISH and qPCR analyses. EGFR and HER2 dimerization was then assessed, using as controls xenograft tumors from cell lines with known dimer expression profiles. Our results show that quantification of HER dimerization provides information about receptor activation that cannot be obtained by quantification of single receptors. Quantifying HER expression and dimerization by TR-FRET assays might help identifying novel clinical markers for optimizing patients' treatment in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hervé Bazin
- Research Department, Cisbio Bioassays, Codolet, France
| | - Nadège Gaborit
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U896, Université Montpellier1, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
| | - Christel Larbouret
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U896, Université Montpellier1, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Eric Assenat
- Department of Medical and Digestive Oncology, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Castan
- Department of Biostatistics, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jeanne Ramos
- Department of Pathology, Center Hospital University, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Ychou
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U896, Université Montpellier1, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
- Department of Medical and Digestive Oncology, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
| | - André Pèlegrin
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U896, Université Montpellier1, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
| | - Gérard Mathis
- Research Department, Cisbio Bioassays, Codolet, France
| | - Evelyne Lopez-Crapez
- Translational Research Unit, CRLC Val d’Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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7
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Glisic D, Lehmann C, Figiel M, Ödemis V, Lindner R, Engele J. A novel cross-talk between endothelin and ErbB receptors controlling glutamate transporter expression in astrocytes. J Neurochem 2012; 122:844-55. [PMID: 22671705 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07819.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The endothelin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) systems are central to the control of reactive brain processes and are thought to partly exert these tasks by endothelin-induced transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Here we show that beyond EGFR transactivation, endothelins prevent the ligand-induced internalization of the EGFR. We unravel that endothelins abrogate internalization of the EGFR by either promoting the formation of "internalization-deficient" EGFR/ErB2-heterodimers or by activating c-Abl kinase, a negative regulator of EGFR internalization. We further provide evidence that this cross-talk is operational in the control of astrocytic glutamate transport. Specifically, we establish that the inhibitory effects exerted by endothelins on basal as well as EGF-induced expression of the major astroglial glutamate transporter subtype, glutamate transporter 1, are a direct consequence of the endothelin-dependent retention of the EGFR at the cell surface. Together our findings unravel a previously unknown cross-talk between endothelin and epidermal growth factor receptors, which may have implications for a variety of pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darko Glisic
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
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8
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Kang YS, Kim W, Huh YH, Bae J, Kim JS, Song WK. P130Cas attenuates epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor internalization by modulating EGF-triggered dynamin phosphorylation. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20125. [PMID: 21625594 PMCID: PMC3097230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endocytosis controls localization-specific signal transduction via epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), as well as downregulation of that receptor. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-integrin coupling induces formation of macromolecular complexes that include EGFR, integrin, Src kinase and p130Cas, resulting in EGFR activation. In addition, cell adhesion to ECM increases EGFR localization at the cell surface and reduces EGFR internalization. The molecular mechanisms involved are not yet well understood. Methodology/Principal Findings We investigated the molecular mechanism by which p130Cas affects the endocytic regulation of EGFR. Biochemical quantification revealed that cell adhesion to fibronectin (FN) increases total EGFR levels and its phosphorylation, and that p130Cas is required for this process. Measurements of Texas Red-labeled EGF uptake and cell surface EGFR revealed that p130Cas overexpression reduces EGF-induced EGFR internalization, while p130Cas depletion enhances it. In addition, both FN-mediated cell adhesion and p130Cas overexpression reduce EGF-stimulated dynamin phosphorylation, which is necessary for EGF-induced EGFR internalization. Coimmunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays confirmed the interaction between p130Cas and dynamin. Moreover, a SH3-domain-deleted form of p130Cas, which shows diminished binding to dynamin, inhibits dynamin phosphorylation and EGF uptake less effectively than wild-type p130Cas. Conclusions/Significance Our results show that p130Cas plays an inhibitory role in EGFR internalization via its interaction with dynamin. Given that the EGFR internalization process determines signaling density and specificity in the EGFR pathway, these findings suggest that the interaction between p130Cas and dynamin may regulate EGFR trafficking and signaling in the same manner as other endocytic regulatory proteins related to EGFR endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Seok Kang
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Wook Kim
- Diabetes Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yun Hyun Huh
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeomil Bae
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Woo Keun Song
- Department of Life Science, Bio Imaging and Cell Dynamics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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9
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Chen M, Chen LM, Lin CY, Chai KX. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is proteolytically modified by the Matriptase-Prostasin serine protease cascade in cultured epithelial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2007; 1783:896-903. [PMID: 18054338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 10/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/31/2007] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prostasin is expressed at the apical surface of normal epithelial cells and suppresses in vitro invasion of cancer cells. Prostasin re-expression in the PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells down-regulated the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein expression and EGF-induced phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk1/2). We report here that prostasin and its activating enzyme matriptase are capable of inducing proteolytic cleavages in the EGFR extracellular domain (ECD) when co-expressed in the FT-293 cells, generating two amino-terminally truncated fragments EGFR135 and EGFR110, at 135 and 110 kDa. Prostasin's role in EGFR cleavage is dependent on the serine active-site but not the GPI-anchor. The modifications of EGFR were confirmed to be on the primary structure by deglycosylation. EGFR135 and EGFR110 are not responsive to EGF stimulation, indicating loss of the ligand-binding domains. EGFR110 is constitutively phosphorylated and in its presence Erk1/2 phosphorylation is increased in the absence of EGF. The protease-induced EGFR cleavages are not dependent on EGFR phosphorylation. The EGFR ECD proteolytic modification by matriptase-prostasin is also observed in the BEAS-2B normal lung epithelial cells, the BPH-1 benign prostate hyperplasia and the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines; and represents a novel mechanism for epithelial cells to modulate EGF-EGFR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqian Chen
- Biomolecular Science Center, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816-2364, USA
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10
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Martín-Orozco RM, Almaraz-Pro C, Rodríguez-Ubreva FJ, Cortés MA, Ropero S, Colomer R, López-Ruiz P, Colás B. EGF prevents the neuroendocrine differentiation of LNCaP cells induced by serum deprivation: the modulator role of PI3K/Akt. Neoplasia 2007; 9:614-24. [PMID: 17898861 PMCID: PMC1950431 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The primary focus of this investigation was to study the relationship between neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation and epidermal growth factor (EGF) because both have been implicated in the progression of prostate cancer. For this purpose, we used gefitinib and trastuzumab, which are inhibitors of EGF receptor (EGFR) and ErbB2, respectively. EGF prevents NE differentiation induced by androgen depletion. This effect is prevented by gefitinib, which blocks the activation of EGFR and ErbB2, stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and cell proliferation induced by EGF. Conversely, trastuzumab does not inhibit the effect of EGF on EGFR phosphorylation, MAPK activity, cell proliferation, and NE differentiation, although it reduces ErbB2 levels specifically, suggesting that ErbB2 is not necessary to inhibit NE differentiation. Prevention of NE differentiation by EGF is mediated by a MAPK-dependent mechanism and requires constitutive Akt activation. The abrogation of the PI3K/Akt pathway changes the role of EGF from inhibitor to inductor of NE differentiation. We show that EGFR tyrosine kinase, MAPK, and PI3K inhibitors inhibit the cell proliferation stimulated by EGF but induce the acquisition of NE phenotype. Altogether, the present data should be borne in mind when designing new clinical schedules for the treatment of prostate cancer, including the use of ErbB receptors and associated signaling pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Martín-Orozco
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - Carmén Almaraz-Pro
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - F Javier Rodríguez-Ubreva
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - M Alicia Cortés
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - Santiago Ropero
- Epigenetics Laboratory, Spanish National Cancer Center, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ramón Colomer
- Medical Oncology, Institut Catala Oncologia, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Ruiz
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
| | - Begoña Colás
- Department of Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid E-28871, Spain
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Sebastian S, Settleman J, Reshkin SJ, Azzariti A, Bellizzi A, Paradiso A. The complexity of targeting EGFR signalling in cancer: from expression to turnover. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2006; 1766:120-39. [PMID: 16889899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2006] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/15/2006] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB1 or EGFR) has been found to be altered in a variety of human cancers. A number of agents targeting these receptors, including specific antibodies directed against the ligand-binding domain of the receptor and small molecules that inhibit kinase activity are either in clinical trials or are already approved for clinical treatment. However, identifying patients that are likely to respond to such treatments has been challenging. As a consequence, it still remains important to identify additional alterations of the tumor cell that contribute to the response to EGFR-targeted agents. While EGFR-mediated signalling pathways have been well established, there is still a rather limited understanding of how intracellular protein-protein interactions, ubiquitination, endocytosis and subsequent degradation of EGFR contribute to the determination of sensitivity to EGFR targeting agents and are emerging areas of investigation. This review primarily focuses on the basic signal transduction pathways mediated through activated membrane bound and/or endosomal EGFR and emphasizes the need to co-target additional proteins that function either upstream or downstream of EGFR to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinto Sebastian
- Clinical Experimental Oncology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Via Amendola, 209, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Tsai YS, Tzai TS, Chow NH, Wu CL. Frequency and clinicopathologic correlates of ErbB1, ErbB2, and ErbB3 immunoreactivity in urothelial tumors of upper urinary tract. Urology 2005; 66:1197-202. [PMID: 16360440 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2005] [Revised: 05/28/2005] [Accepted: 06/23/2005] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the frequency and clinicopathologic correlates of ErbB1, ErbB2, and ErbB3 receptor expression in patients with upper urothelial carcinoma. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining for ErbB1, ErbB2, and ErbB3 was done with serial sections from archival specimens of 94 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy plus bladder cuff resection for urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter (median follow-up 40 months, range 1 to 177). The correlates between ErbB receptor expression and clinical outcome in terms of recurrence, progression, disease-free survival, and overall survival were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plots, with the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS ErbB1, ErbB2, and ErbB3 expression was present in 9 (9.5%), 13 (13.8%), and 26 (27.7%) tumors, respectively. Thirty-seven patients (39.4 %) had at least one receptor expressed and eight (8.5%) had coexpression of two or three receptors. ErbB2 expression was significantly associated with tumor invasiveness (P = 0.03), and ErbB1 and ErbB3 expression was not. The incidence of subsequent tumor recurrence in the urinary bladder correlated significantly with ureteral tumor involvement and ErbB2 expression (P = 0.04 and P = 0.04, respectively). On univariate and multivariate analyses, tumor staging and ErbB2 expression were independent predictors of disease progression (P = 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively), disease-free survival (P = 0.02 and P = 0.002, respectively), and overall survival (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS ErbB2 expression predicts for disease progression and disease-related survival in upper urothelial carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Shyan Tsai
- Department of Urology, Tainan Hospital and Sin-Hua Branch, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Uyemura T, Takagi H, Yanagida T, Sako Y. Single-molecule analysis of epidermal growth factor signaling that leads to ultrasensitive calcium response. Biophys J 2005; 88:3720-30. [PMID: 15749770 PMCID: PMC1305518 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.053330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2004] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative relationships between inputs and outputs of signaling systems are fundamental information for the understanding of the mechanism of signal transduction. Here we report the correlation between the number of epidermal growth factor (EGF) bindings and the response probability of intracellular calcium elevation. Binding of EGF molecules and changes of intracellular calcium concentration were measured for identical HeLa human epithelial cells. It was found that 300 molecules of EGF were enough to induce calcium response in half of the cells. This number is quite small compared to the number of EGF receptors (EGFR) expressed on the cell surface (50,000). There was a sigmoidal correlation between the response probability and the number of EGF bindings, meaning an ultrasensitive reaction. Analysis of the cluster size distribution of EGF demonstrated that dimerization of EGFR contributes to this switch-like ultrasensitive response. Single-molecule analysis revealed that EGF bound faster to clusters of EGFR than to monomers. This property should be important for effective formation of signaling dimers of EGFR under very small numbers of EGF bindings and suggests that the expression of excess amounts of EGFR on the cell surface is required to prepare predimers of EGFR with a large association rate constant to EGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Uyemura
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, and Laboratories of Nanobiology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Teng MWL, Kershaw MH, Moeller M, Smyth MJ, Darcy PK. Immunotherapy of cancer using systemically delivered gene-modified human T lymphocytes. Hum Gene Ther 2005; 15:699-708. [PMID: 15242530 DOI: 10.1089/1043034041361235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of gene-engineered T cells expressing chimeric single-chain (scFv) receptors capable of codelivering CD28 costimulation and T cell receptor zeta chain (TCR-zeta) activation signals has emerged as a promising treatment regimen for cancer. Using retroviral transduction, primary human T lymphocytes were gene-engineered to express the scFv-CD28-zeta chimeric receptor reactive with the ErbB2 tumor-associated antigen. We demonstrated the ability of these gene-engineered human T cells to produce high levels of cytokines, proliferate vigorously, and mediate lysis of ErbB2(+) tumors in an antigen-specific manner. Furthermore, such gene-engineered human T cells significantly delayed the growth of two distinct subcutaneous ErbB2(+) human tumors in irradiated nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficient (NOD-SCID) mice after systemic administration. These preclinical studies are an important proof of principle that human T cells may be genetically redirected to tumors in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele W L Teng
- Cancer Immunology Program, Sir Donald and Lady Trescowthick Laboratories, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne 8006, Australia
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Tichtinsky G, Vanoosthuyse V, Cock JM, Gaude T. Making inroads into plant receptor kinase signalling pathways. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2003; 8:231-7. [PMID: 12758041 DOI: 10.1016/s1360-1385(03)00062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cell-membrane-located receptor kinases play important roles in many plant signal-transduction pathways. Exciting progress has been made in recent years with the characterization of four ligand-receptor systems involved in physiological processes as diverse as self-pollen rejection, stem-cell maintenance and differentiation at the shoot meristem, the response to the brassinosteroid hormones and the innate response to bacterial pathogens. These new findings emphasize the remarkably high diversity of these signalling pathways, although some downstream components are shared. This observation supports the idea that the wide diversification of plant receptors is associated with a high degree of specialization, one receptor potentially regulating a single developmental process. However, the possibility that one receptor might have a dual recognition function cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Tichtinsky
- Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, UMR 5667 CNRS-INRA-ENSL-UCBL, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Pomerantz RG, Grandis JR. The role of epidermal growth factor receptor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Curr Oncol Rep 2003; 5:140-6. [PMID: 12583831 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-003-0101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor receptors play a crucial role in the cell proliferation pathways involved in the development of cancer. One such receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is upregulated in many types of human tumors, particularly head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). EGFR overexpression in HNSCC has been the basis for investigation of therapeutic strategies that target EGFR. EGFR-blocking methods under evaluation involve immunotoxins, monoclonal antibodies, EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antisense approaches. These molecular targeting tactics have produced a number of agents that are currently in various stages of preclinical investigation, along with clinical trials to assess their potential as anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca G Pomerantz
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Eye and Ear Institute, Suite 500, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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