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Steinritz D, Lüling R, Siegert M, Mückter H, Popp T, Reinemer P, Gudermann T, Thiermann H, John H. Alkylation of rabbit muscle creatine kinase surface methionine residues inhibits enzyme activity in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3253-3261. [PMID: 34396457 PMCID: PMC8448711 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) catalyzes the formation of phosphocreatine from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine. The highly reactive free cysteine residue in the active site of the enzyme (Cys283) is considered essential for the enzymatic activity. In previous studies we demonstrated that Cys283 is targeted by the alkylating chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard (SM) yielding a thioether with a hydroxyethylthioethyl (HETE)-moiety. In the present study, the effect of SM on rabbit muscle CK (rmCK) activity was investigated with special focus on the alkylation of Cys283 and of reactive methionine (Met) residues. For investigation of SM-alkylated amino acids in rmCK, micro liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization high-resolution tandem-mass spectrometry measurements were performed using the Orbitrap technology. The treatment of rmCK with SM resulted in a decrease of enzyme activity. However, this decrease did only weakly correlate to the modification of Cys283 but was conclusive for the formation of Met70-HETE and Met179-HETE. In contrast, the activity of mutants of rmCK produced by side-directed mutagenesis that contained substitutions of the respective Met residues (Met70Ala, Met179Leu, and Met70Ala/Met179Leu) was highly resistant against SM. Our results point to a critical role of the surface exposed Met70 and Met179 residues for CK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Steinritz
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany. .,Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany. .,Bundeswehr Medical Service Academy, Ingolstädter Straße 240, 80939, Munich, Germany.
| | - Robin Lüling
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Siegert
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstraße 7a, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Harald Mückter
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Popp
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Reinemer
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany.,AM1 Ventures GmbH, Fasanenstraße 27a, 81247, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), Goethestraße 33, 80366, Munich, Germany
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
| | - Harald John
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Neuherbergstraße 11, 80937, Munich, Germany
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Reddy SR, Watts DC. Inhibition of creatine kinase by iodoalkanes. Further appraisal of the essential nature of the reactive thiol group. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 569:109-13. [PMID: 37913 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2744(79)90086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Creating kinase (ATP: creatine N-phosphotransferase) is completely inhibited by low molecular weight iodoalkanes in a pseudo first order reaction. Analysis of this and other data suggests that covalent modification per se is not a sufficient criterion to establish whether or not an enzyme group is essential for catalysis.
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