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Sayer AA, Cooper R, Arai H, Cawthon PM, Ntsama Essomba MJ, Fielding RA, Grounds MD, Witham MD, Cruz-Jentoft AJ. Sarcopenia. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2024; 10:68. [PMID: 39300120 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is the accelerated loss of skeletal muscle mass and function commonly, but not exclusively, associated with advancing age. It is observed across many species including humans in whom it can lead to decline in physical function and mobility as well as to increased risk of adverse outcomes including falls, fractures and premature mortality. Although prevalence estimates vary because sarcopenia has been defined in different ways, even using a conservative approach, the prevalence is between 5% and 10% in the general population. A life course framework has been proposed for understanding not only the occurrence of sarcopenia in later life but also influences operating at earlier life stages with potentially important implications for preventive strategies. Harnessing progress in understanding the hallmarks of ageing has been key to understanding sarcopenia pathophysiology. Considerable convergence in approaches to diagnosis of sarcopenia has occurred over the last 10 years, with a growing emphasis on the central importance of muscle strength. Resistance exercise is currently the mainstay of treatment; however, it is not suitable for all. Hence, adjunctive and alternative treatments to improve quality of life are needed. An internationally agreed approach to definition and diagnosis will enable a step change in the field and is likely to be available in the near future through the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avan A Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Rachel Cooper
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Peggy M Cawthon
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marie-Josiane Ntsama Essomba
- Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miranda D Grounds
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Miles D Witham
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Imahori Y, Qin C, Tang B, Hägg S. Comprehensive analysis of molecular, physiological, and functional biomarkers of aging with neurological diseases using Mendelian randomization. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01334-6. [PMID: 39269583 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing burden of neurological diseases (NDs) has been a public health challenge in an aging society. Age, especially biological age, is the most important risk factor for NDs. Identification of biomarkers of aging to capture NDs might lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of pathological brain aging and the implementation of effective intervention. We conducted a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study to investigate the association between various biomarkers of aging and three leading causes of NDs: Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and ischemic stroke. Publicly available GWAS summary statistics on people from European ancestry were obtained for six molecular biomarkers, two physiological biomarkers, and eight functional biomarkers, and three NDs. Genetic variants serving as instrumental variables (IVs) were identified for each biomarker. The MR analysis included inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO. We found that short telomere length and decrease in appendicular lean mass were associated with an increased risk for AD (OR IVW = 1.12 per 1SD decrease, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.22, and OR IVW = 1.11, 1.06-1.16, respectively), whereas high frailty index showed a protective effect for AD. Accelerated BioAge appeared to be associated with increased risk for ischemic stroke (OR IVW = 1.3 per year in BioAge acceleration, 95% CI 1.19-1.41). Our findings implied a causal association of short telomere length and a decrease in appendicular lean mass with an increased risk for AD, while BioAge appeared to be a good biomarker for ischemic stroke. Further studies are needed to validate these associations and explore underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yume Imahori
- The Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chenxi Qin
- The Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bowen Tang
- The Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Hägg
- The Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bozzetti F. Age-related and cancer-related sarcopenia: is there a difference? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:410-418. [PMID: 38488242 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is the attempt to differentiating the pathophysiologic and clinical features of the aging-related sarcopenia from cancer-related sarcopenia. In fact, there is some controversy among the experts mainly regarding two points: is always sarcopenia, even that aging-related one, the expression of a generalized disease or may exist independently and without major alteration of the muscle function? Are always aging-related and cancer-related sarcopenia completely separated entities? RECENT FINDINGS Literature shows that sarcopenia, defined as simple skeletal muscle mass loss, may range from a mainly focal problem which is common in many healthy elderly people, to a component of a complex multiorgan syndrome as cancer cachexia. Disuse, malnutrition and (neuro)degenerative processes can account for most of the aging-related sarcopenias while systemic inflammation and secretion of cancer-and immune-related molecules play an additional major role in cachexia. SUMMARY A multimodal approach including physical exercise and optimized nutritional support are the key measures to offset sarcopenia with some contribution by the anti-inflammatory drugs in cancer patients. Results are more promising in elderly patients and are still pending for cancer patients where a more specific approach will only rely on the identification and contrast of the key mediators of the cachectic process.
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Trybulski R, Kużdżał A, Wilk M, Więckowski J, Fostiak K, Muracki J. Reliability of MyotonPro in measuring the biomechanical properties of the quadriceps femoris muscle in people with different levels and types of motor preparation. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1453730. [PMID: 39267811 PMCID: PMC11390662 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1453730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the reliability of the measurements of biomechanical parameters of the muscles of athletes representing different disciplines as well as untrained people. Ninety-four young, healthy male individuals participated in the study and were divided into five subgroups: footballers (n = 25), volleyballers (n = 14), handballers (n = 19), MMA fighters (n = 16), and undrained group (n = 20). All of the participants underwent measurements of stiffness (S), muscle tone (T) and elasticity (E) by two independent measurers using MyotonPro equipment. Analysis was conducted on two different parts of the quadriceps femoris: rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM. Consequently, the comprehensive analysis comprised 564 measurements (94 participants * 3 parameters = 282 * 2 measurers = 564). The results proves high reliability of the myotonometry (Pearson's CC over 0.8208-0.8871 for different parameters, ICC from to 0.74 to 0.99 for different muscles and parameters) excluding only stiffness for the VM which was characterized withlow ICC of 0.08 and relatively highest between the examined parameters MAE% of 8.7% which still remains low value. The most significant differences between the parameters in examined groups were observed between MMA fighters and volleyballers in terms of muscle tone and elasticity of the VM (correlation of 0.14842 and 0.15083 respecitively). These results confirm the usability of myotonometry in measuring the biomechanical properties of the muscles in different sports groups and confirm the independence of the results obtained from the person performing the measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Trybulski
- Medical Center Provita Żory, Żory, Poland
- Medical Department, Wojciech Korfanty Upper Silesian Academy, Katowice, Poland
| | - Adrian Kużdżał
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Michał Wilk
- Institute of Sports Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Jarosław Muracki
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Department of Physical Culture and Health, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Du J, Wu Q, Bae EJ. Epigenetics of Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8362. [PMID: 39125931 PMCID: PMC11312722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy, characterized by diminished muscle strength and mass, arises from various causes, including malnutrition, aging, nerve damage, and disease-related secondary atrophy. Aging markedly escalates the prevalence of sarcopenia. Concurrently, the incidence of muscle atrophy significantly rises among patients with chronic ailments such as heart failure, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epigenetics plays a pivotal role in skeletal muscle atrophy. Aging elevates methylation levels in the promoter regions of specific genes within muscle tissues. This aberrant methylation is similarly observed in conditions like diabetes, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to explore the relationship between epigenetics and skeletal muscle atrophy, thereby enhancing the understanding of its pathogenesis and uncovering novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Du
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Bae
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Reddy RS, Alshahrani MS, ALMohiza MA, Alkhamis BA, Tedla JS, Kakaraparthi VN, Koura GM, Mukherjee D, Alnakhli HH, Ghulam HSH, Alqhtani RS. Shoulder muscle weakness and proprioceptive impairments in type 2 diabetes mellitus: exploring correlations for improved clinical management. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17630. [PMID: 38948217 PMCID: PMC11212628 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder with systemic implications, potentially affecting musculoskeletal health. This study aimed to assess shoulder muscle strength and joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM, exploring potential correlations and shedding light on the musculoskeletal consequences of the condition. The objectives were two-fold: (1) to assess and compare shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy between individuals with T2DM and asymptomatic counterparts, and (2) to examine the correlation between shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM. Methods A cross-sectional study enrolled 172 participants using the convenience sampling method, including 86 individuals with T2DM and an age-matched asymptomatic group (n = 86). Shoulder strength was assessed using a handheld dynamometer, while joint repositioning accuracy was evaluated with an electronic digital inclinometer. Results Individuals with T2DM exhibited reduced shoulder muscle strength compared to asymptomatic individuals (p < 0.001). Additionally, joint repositioning accuracy was significantly lower in the T2DM group (p < 0.001). Negative correlations were observed between shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy in various directions (ranging from -0.29 to -0.46, p < 0.001), indicating that higher muscle strength was associated with improved joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM. Conclusion This study highlights the significant impact of T2DM on shoulder muscle strength and joint repositioning accuracy. Reduced strength and impaired accuracy are evident in individuals with T2DM, emphasizing the importance of addressing musculoskeletal aspects in diabetes management. The negative correlations suggest that enhancing shoulder muscle strength may lead to improved joint repositioning accuracy, potentially contributing to enhanced physical functioning in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Shankar Reddy
- Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad A. ALMohiza
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jaya Shanker Tedla
- Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghada Mohamed Koura
- Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debjani Mukherjee
- Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Hassan Alnakhli
- Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Raee S. Alqhtani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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Mendoza-Núñez VM, Aguilar-Curiel JV, Castillo-Martínez L, Rodríguez-García WD, Vaquero-Barbosa N, Rosado-Pérez J, Arista-Ugalde TL. Relationship between aging and excess body fat with markers of inflammation, skeletal muscle mass and strength in Mexican community-dwelling people. Ir J Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11845-024-03727-0. [PMID: 38834899 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03727-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is accompanied by changes in body composition, such as an increase in fat mass (FM), a decrease in skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI) and muscle strength, combined with a chronic inflammatory process (CI). OBJECTIVE Determine the relationship between age and excess body fat with markers of chronic inflammation, skeletal muscle mass and strength. METHODS A cross-sectional alitical study was carried out in a convenience sample of adults 45 to 59 years old (n = 100) and older adults 60 to 74 years old (n = 133). All participants had their body composition measured with an impedance meter. They were subsequently divided into two groups: (i) with excess fat (WEF), (ii) without excess fat (NEF), in order to relate excess fat and age with inflammation, muscle mass and strength. RESULTS NEF adults and older adults had similar values of SMMI (9.1 ± 1.5 vs. 8.8 ± 1.3, p > 0.05) and strength (28 ± 8 vs. 27 ± 8.6, p > 0.05). Likewise, WEF adults showed significantly lower values than NEF adults in the SMMI (7.9 ± 0.8 vs. 9.1 ± 1.5, p < 0.05) and strength (28 ± 8 vs. 22 ± 5, p < 0.001). Also, WEF older adults presented significantly lower values in the SMMI (15.9 ± 1.8 vs. 22.8 ± 5.1, p < 0.05) and strength (17.9 ± 4.8 vs. 27 ± 8.6, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that excess fat mass is a risk factor that has a significantly greater influence than aging per se on the index of skeletal muscle mass and strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Manuel Mendoza-Núñez
- Research Unit On Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Guelatao # 66, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Jimena Valeria Aguilar-Curiel
- Research Unit On Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Guelatao # 66, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lilia Castillo-Martínez
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Nayeli Vaquero-Barbosa
- Research Unit On Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Guelatao # 66, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juana Rosado-Pérez
- Research Unit On Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Guelatao # 66, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Taide Laurita Arista-Ugalde
- Research Unit On Gerontology, FES Zaragoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Guelatao # 66, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, 09230, Mexico City, Mexico
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Kirk B, Kuo C, Liu P, Xiang M, Earp JE, Kositsawat J, Kuchel GA, Duque G. Leukocyte telomere length is associated with MRI-thigh fat-free muscle volume: data from 16 356 UK Biobank adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:1157-1166. [PMID: 38553835 PMCID: PMC11154769 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere attrition may share common biological mechanisms with bone and muscle loss with aging. Here, we investigated the association between these hallmarks of aging using data from UK Biobank, a large observational study. METHODS Leukocyte telomere length (LTL as T/S ratio) was measured using a multiplex qPCR assay at baseline (2006-2010). Bone mineral density (whole body and regional; via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), trabecular bone score (via lumbar-spine dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry images), fat-free muscle volume (thighs; via magnetic resonance imaging), and muscle fat infiltration (thighs; via magnetic resonance imaging) were measured during the imaging visit (2014-2018). Regression models were used to model LTL against a muscle or bone outcome, unadjusted and adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A total of 16 356 adults (mean age: 62.8 ± 7.5 years, 50.5% women) were included. In the fully adjusted model, thigh fat-free muscle volume was associated with LTL in the overall sample (adjusted standardized β (aβ) = 0.017, 95% CI 0.009 to 0.026, P < 0.001, per SD increase in LTL), with stronger associations in men (aβ = 0.022, 95% CI 0.010 to 0.034, P < 0.001) than in women (aβ = 0.013, 95% CI 0.000 to 0.025, P = 0.041) (sex-LTL P = 0.028). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for low thigh fat-free muscle volume (body mass index-adjusted, sex-specific bottom 20%) was 0.93 per SD increase in LTL (95% CI 0.89 to 0.96, P < 0.001) in the overall sample, with stronger associations in men (aOR = 0.92, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.99, P = 0.008) than women (aOR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.98, P = 0.009), although the sex difference was not statistically significant in this model (sex-LTL P = 0.37). LTL was not associated with bone mineral density, trabecular bone score, or muscle fat infiltration in the overall or subgroup analyses (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS LTL was consistently associated with thigh fat-free muscle volume in men and women. Future research should investigate moderating effects of lifestyle factors (e.g., physical activity, nutrition, or chronic diseases) in the association between LTL and muscle volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Kirk
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Chia‐Ling Kuo
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Translation in Regenerative EngineeringUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA
- UConn Center on AgingUniversity of ConnecticutFarmingtonCTUSA
| | - Peiran Liu
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Translation in Regenerative EngineeringUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA
| | - Meiruo Xiang
- The Cato T. Laurencin Institute for Translation in Regenerative EngineeringUniversity of Connecticut HealthFarmingtonCTUSA
| | - Jacob E. Earp
- UConn Center on AgingUniversity of ConnecticutFarmingtonCTUSA
| | | | | | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, Melbourne Medical SchoolUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVICAustralia
- Bone, Muscle & Geroscience GroupResearch Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMontrealQCCanada
- Dr. Joseph Kaufmann Chair in Geriatric Medicine, Department of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Zweyer M, Henry M, Meleady P, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic reference map for sarcopenia research: mass spectrometric identification of key muscle proteins of organelles, cellular signaling, bioenergetic metabolism and molecular chaperoning. Eur J Transl Myol 2024; 34:12565. [PMID: 38787292 PMCID: PMC11264233 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2024.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
During the natural aging process, frailty is often associated with abnormal muscular performance. Although inter-individual differences exit, in most elderly the tissue mass and physiological functionality of voluntary muscles drastically decreases. In order to study age-related contractile decline, animal model research is of central importance in the field of biogerontology. Here we have analyzed wild type mouse muscle to establish a proteomic map of crude tissue extracts. Proteomics is an advanced and large-scale biochemical method that attempts to identify all accessible proteins in a given biological sample. It is a technology-driven approach that uses mass spectrometry for the characterization of individual protein species. Total protein extracts were used in this study in order to minimize the potential introduction of artefacts due to excess subcellular fractionation procedures. In this report, the proteomic survey of aged muscles has focused on organellar marker proteins, as well as proteins that are involved in cellular signaling, the regulation of ion homeostasis, bioenergetic metabolism and molecular chaperoning. Hence, this study has establish a proteomic reference map of a highly suitable model system for future aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare.
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare.
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn.
| | - Michael Henry
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin.
| | - Paula Meleady
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin.
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn.
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare.
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Granic A, Cooper R, Robinson SM, Sayer AA. Myoprotective whole foods, muscle health and sarcopenia in older adults. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:244-251. [PMID: 38386477 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sarcopenia increases in prevalence at older ages and may be exacerbated by poor diet. Whole foods rich in specific nutrients may be myoprotective and mitigate the risk of sarcopenia. Here we review recent evidence published from observational and intervention studies regarding myoprotective foods and explore their benefit for the prevention and/or treatment of sarcopenia in older adults. RECENT FINDINGS We found limited new evidence for the role of whole foods in sarcopenia and sarcopenia components (muscle mass, strength, physical performance). There was some evidence for higher consumption of protein-rich foods (milk and dairy) being beneficial for muscle strength in observational and intervention studies. Higher consumption of antioxidant-rich foods (fruit and vegetables) was associated with better physical performance and lower odds of sarcopenia in observational studies. Evidence for other protein- and antioxidant-rich foods were inconsistent or lacking. There remains a clear need for intervention studies designed to identify the role of whole foods for the treatment of sarcopenia. SUMMARY Although evidence for myoprotective roles of dairy, fruit and vegetables is emerging from observational studies, higher level evidence from intervention studies is needed for these foods to be recommended in diets of older adults to prevent and/or treat sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoneta Granic
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel Cooper
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sian M Robinson
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Avan A Sayer
- AGE Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Dubinski D, Won SY, Meyer-Wilmes J, Trnovec S, Rafaelian A, Behmanesh B, Cantré D, Baumgarten P, Dinc N, Konczalla J, Wittstock M, Bernstock JD, Freiman TM, Gessler F. Frailty in Traumatic Brain Injury-The Significance of Temporal Muscle Thickness. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7625. [PMID: 38137693 PMCID: PMC10743381 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) on cranial CT scans has recently been identified as a prognostic imaging parameter for assessing a patient's baseline frailty. Here, we analyzed whether TMT correlates with Traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity and whether it can be used to predict outcome(s) after TBI. METHODS We analyzed the radiological and clinical data sets of 193 patients with TBI who were admitted to our institution and correlated the radiological data with clinical outcomes after stratification for TMT. RESULTS Our analyses showed a significant association between high TMT and increased risk for intracranial hemorrhage (p = 0.0135) but improved mRS at 6 months (p = 0.001) as compared to patients with low TMT. Congruent with such findings, a lower TMT was associated with falls and reduced outcomes at 6 months (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION High TMT was robustly associated with head trauma sequelae but was also associated with good clinical outcomes in TBI patients. These findings consolidate the significance of TMT as an objective marker of frailty in TBI patients; such measurements may ultimately be leveraged as prognostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dubinski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Sae-Yeon Won
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Jonas Meyer-Wilmes
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Svorad Trnovec
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Artem Rafaelian
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Bedjan Behmanesh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Daniel Cantré
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Peter Baumgarten
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Schiller University Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany; (P.B.); (N.D.)
| | - Nazife Dinc
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Schiller University Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany; (P.B.); (N.D.)
| | - Juergen Konczalla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Matthias Wittstock
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Joshua D. Bernstock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Thomas M. Freiman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
| | - Florian Gessler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (S.-Y.W.); (J.M.-W.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (B.B.); (T.M.F.); (F.G.)
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