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Li Z, Wang S, Gong C, Hu Y, Liu J, Wang W, Chen Y, Liao Q, He B, Huang Y, Luo Q, Zhao Y, Xiao Y. Effects of Environmental and Pathological Hypoxia on Male Fertility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725933. [PMID: 34589489 PMCID: PMC8473802 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a widespread health problem affecting approximately 6%-8% of the male population, and hypoxia may be a causative factor. In mammals, two types of hypoxia are known, including environmental and pathological hypoxia. Studies looking at the effects of hypoxia on male infertility have linked both types of hypoxia to poor sperm quality and pregnancy outcomes. Hypoxia damages testicular seminiferous tubule directly, leading to the disorder of seminiferous epithelium and shedding of spermatogenic cells. Hypoxia can also disrupt the balance between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis of spermatogenic cells, resulting in impaired self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonia, and failure of meiosis. In addition, hypoxia disrupts the secretion of reproductive hormones, causing spermatogenic arrest and erectile dysfunction. The possible mechanisms involved in hypoxia on male reproductive toxicity mainly include excessive ROS mediated oxidative stress, HIF-1α mediated germ cell apoptosis and proliferation inhibition, systematic inflammation and epigenetic changes. In this review, we discuss the correlations between hypoxia and male infertility based on epidemiological, clinical and animal studies and enumerate the hypoxic factors causing male infertility in detail. Demonstration of the causal association between hypoxia and male infertility will provide more options for the treatment of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Sumin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunli Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Endoscope, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiushi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongbing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Macarlupu J, Marchant D, Jeton F, Villafuerte F, Richalet J, Voituron N. Effect of exercise training in rats exposed to chronic hypoxia: Application for Monge's disease. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14750. [PMID: 33904648 PMCID: PMC8077116 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise may improve hematological conditions in high altitude dwellers suffering from Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS), in reducing hemoglobin concentration. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the effects of 1-month exercise training session in a model of rats exposed to chronic hypoxia. Four groups of male rats were studied: normoxic sedentary (NS, n = 8), normoxic training (NT, n = 8), hypoxic sedentary (HS, n = 8), and hypoxic training group (HT, n = 8). Hypoxic groups were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for one month (PB =433 Torr). Training intensity was progressively increased from a running speed of 10.4 to 17.8 m/min. Chronic hypoxia led to an increase in hematocrit (HCT) associated with a decrease in plasma volume despite an increase in water intake. Training led to a reduction in HCT (p < 0.01), with a non-significant increase in plasma volume and weight gain. Hypoxia and training had inhibitory effects on haptoglobin (NS group: 379 ± 92; HT: 239 ± 34 µg/ml, p < 0.01). Chronic hypoxia and exercise training increased SpO2 measured after acute hypoxic exposure. Training blunted the decrease in V ˙ O2 peak, time of exhaustion, and maximum speed associated with chronic exposure to hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia led to a right ventricular hypertrophy, which was not corrected by 1-month exercise training. Altogether, by decreasing hematocrit, reducing body weight, and limiting performance decrease, training in hypoxia may have a beneficial effect on excessive erythropoiesis in chronic hypoxia. Therefore, regular exercise training might be beneficial to avoid worsening of CMS symptoms in high altitude dwellers and to improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- José‐Luis Macarlupu
- Laboratorio de Fisiología ComparadaLaboratorio de Adaptación a la Altura‐LIDUnidad de Transporte de Oxigeno‐IIAUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLimaPeru
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et PoumonUMR INSERM U1272Université Sorbonne Paris NordBobignyFrance
| | - Dominique Marchant
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et PoumonUMR INSERM U1272Université Sorbonne Paris NordBobignyFrance
| | - Florine Jeton
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et PoumonUMR INSERM U1272Université Sorbonne Paris NordBobignyFrance
- Laboratory of Excellence GReXParisFrance
| | - Francisco Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología ComparadaLaboratorio de Adaptación a la Altura‐LIDUnidad de Transporte de Oxigeno‐IIAUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLimaPeru
| | - Jean‐Paul Richalet
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et PoumonUMR INSERM U1272Université Sorbonne Paris NordBobignyFrance
- Laboratory of Excellence GReXParisFrance
| | - Nicolas Voituron
- Laboratoire Hypoxie et PoumonUMR INSERM U1272Université Sorbonne Paris NordBobignyFrance
- Laboratory of Excellence GReXParisFrance
- Département STAPSUniversité Sorbonne Paris NordBobignyFrance
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Wang JS, Gong XF, Feng JL, Li HS, Li X, Deng S, Ren PZ, Wang JM, Lv MS, Jin RF, Chen QY, Wang B, Cui HS. Study on the Mechanism of Jiawei Shengjiang Powder in Improving Male Asthma-Induced Asthenospermia Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:1245-1259. [PMID: 33776422 PMCID: PMC7989703 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s296901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Jiawei Shengjiang Powder (JWSJP) is a classical Chinese medicinal formula, which has been widely applied in the treatment of asthma and complications for many years due to its curative effect. Aim To verify the effect of JWSJP in improving abnormal sperm motility caused by asthma and to explore its potential mechanism. Materials and Methods The active compounds of JWSJP were obtained from high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology. The key active components and targets of JWSJP were predicted based on network pharmacological analysis and bioinformatics research. Rats were randomly divided into normal, model and treatment groups. The rat model of allergic asthma was induced by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin solution. The experiment judged improvement of semen quality by evaluating sperm motility, and detected the expression of related proteins in testicular tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats by RT-qPCR and Western blot methods. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the changes in testicular tissue structure in rats. Results Through the analysis of network pharmacology and bioinformatics, it was found that beta-sitosterol, quercetin, gallic acid, pelargonidin and kaempferol were the key active components of Jiawei Shengjiang Powder. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and insulin (INS) genes are crucial targets of JWSJP in the treatment of spermatogenic dysfunction caused by acute asthma. After 8 weeks of intervention, compared with the model group, the treatment group had significantly improved sperm motility (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in TNF, IL6, and INS proteins in the treatment group, and the HE staining of testicular tissue structure in the treatment group was significantly improved. Conclusion JWSJP can improve the abnormal sperm motility induced by asthma, and its mechanism may be related to the expression of related proteins and mRNA of TNF, IL6, and INS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Feng Gong
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Long Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Song Li
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Deng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Zhong Ren
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Mei Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Sheng Lv
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Feng Jin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yi Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Sheng Cui
- Pneumology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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Shaw S, Kumar U, Bhaumik G, Reddy MPK, Kumar B, Ghosh D. Alterations of estrous cycle, 3β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and progesterone synthesis in female rats after exposure to hypobaric hypoxia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3458. [PMID: 32103034 PMCID: PMC7044287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism regulating hypoxia induced alteration in female steroid hormones is first time explored in this study. To understand the mechanistic approach, female Sprague- Dawley rats were exposed to acute and chronic hypobaric hypoxia (282 mm-Hg, ~7620 m, 6 hours, 3 and 7 days). Estrous cycle, body weight, plasma progesterone and estradiol levels, morphology, histology and two key steroidogenic enzymes: 3ß hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17ß HSD activity of ovary and adrenal gland were studied. A persistent diestrous phase and a significant decrease in body weight were found in chronic hypoxia groups. Histological study suggested degenerative changes in ovarian corpus luteum of 7 days chronic hypobaric hypoxia (7CHH) group and a declined percentage of adrenocortical cells in 3 days chronic hypobaric hypoxia (3CHH) and 7CHH groups. Plasma estradiol level was unaltered, but progesterone level was decreased significantly in all hypoxic groups. Ovarian 3ß HSD activity was decreased significantly with increasing days of hypoxic treatment along with a significantly low adrenal 3ß HSD activity in 7CHH. In conclusion, hypobaric hypoxia causes a state of low circulatory progesterone level in females likely due to the degenerative changes in the female ovarian and adrenal tissues together with low steroidogenic 3ß HSD enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Shaw
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Utkarsha Kumar
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Gopinath Bhaumik
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - M Prasanna Kumar Reddy
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Dishari Ghosh
- High Altitude Physiology Lab, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.
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Zheng S, Liu Y, Li P, Tian H. Short-Term High-Altitude Exposure (3600 m) Alters the Type Distribution of Sperm Deformity. High Alt Med Biol 2019; 20:198-202. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2018.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shanjun Zheng
- Department of Rocket Force Medicine, College of Military Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of High Altitude Operational Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing City, China
| | - Yunsheng Liu
- Department of Rocket Force Medicine, College of Military Preventive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of High Altitude Operational Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing City, China
| | - Huaijun Tian
- Department of High Altitude Operational Medicine, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing City, China
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Shaw S, Ghosh D, Kumar U, Panjwani U, Kumar B. Impact of high altitude on key determinants of female reproductive health: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2018; 62:2045-2055. [PMID: 30218203 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1609-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Imperishable research work was done on females visiting high-altitude (HA) areas for recreational activities or job purposes as well as on female HA natives. Hypoxia at HA is an unavoidable condition that affects the determinants of female reproductive functions like, the age of menarche and menopause, whole reproductive span, hormone synthesis, and fertility. This review will emphasize whether HA hypoxia is a threat to women: residents or visitors by analyzing these proximate determinants. Delayed menarcheal and advanced menopausal age was found to shorten the reproductive span in some HA populations, whereas in some cases, menstrual cycle was also reported to be irregular. In addition, the completed fertility rate (CFR) was increased when people migrated to lower altitude. Altered stress hormones and reproductive hormones were observed in sea-level females exposed to HA. Oxidative stress (OS) at HA was also reviewed to explain the probable reasons for the observed changes in these determinants because disturbed redox homeostasis may be a connecting link, affecting the reproductive functions. In conclusion, HA hypoxia plays a crucial role on various determinants of female reproductive health and this review will be helpful for more precise study along with the probable underlying mechanisms responsible for the changes in female reproductive functions at HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Shaw
- High Altitude Physiology Department, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Dishari Ghosh
- High Altitude Physiology Department, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.
| | - Utkarsha Kumar
- High Altitude Physiology Department, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Usha Panjwani
- High Altitude Physiology Department, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- High Altitude Physiology Department, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
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7
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Bai G, Yang B, Tong W, Li H. Hypobaric hypoxia causes impairment of spermatogenesis in developing rats at pre-puberty. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13000. [PMID: 29484679 DOI: 10.1111/and.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of hypoxia on the spermatogenesis of male Wistar rats (n = 32) at pre-puberty was studied using a hypobaric chamber simulating an altitude of 5,000 metres above sea level. Persistent hypoxic exposure with brief interruption for 3 weeks caused significant decreases in body and testis weights and testosterone level compared to the normobaric controls. Histologically, spermatogenic development was arrested; arrays of spermatids were misshaped; numbers of spermatogonia, Sertoli and Leydig cells were reduced; and apoptotic spermatocytes were increased substantially in the germinal epithelium of testis in the hypoxic-exposed group. These hormonal and histopathological changes did not improve remarkably after 3 weeks of normobaric conditions. There was a significant decrease in sperm production when the rats in the hypoxia/oxygen-resuming group were examined at 63 days of post-natal age. Exposing rats to hypoxic conditions at pre-puberty induced damages on spermatogenesis, which could affect sperm production after sex mature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Bai
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Tong
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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DeBaun MR. Hydroxyurea therapy contributes to infertility in adult men with sickle cell disease: a review. Expert Rev Hematol 2014; 7:767-73. [PMID: 25242414 DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2014.959922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyurea therapy, a chemotherapeutic agent, is the only US FDA approved therapy for the prevention of vaso-occlusive pain in sickle cell disease (SCD). The National Institutes of Health has sponsored two Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled trials, initially in adults, and subsequently in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Despite the overwhelming evidence that hydroxyurea therapy is beneficial to children and adults with SCA, individuals with SCA and their families express reservations about its use, in part because of the concerns about fertility, particularly in men. As adolescent boys with SCD are now expected to reach their reproductive years, a new concern is emerging about the role of hydroxyurea therapy as a barrier to their progeny. This review will systemically evaluate compromised fertility in men with SCD, and the evidence that hydroxyurea therapy is associated with further decreasing fertility in men with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R DeBaun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt-Meharry-Matthew Walker Center for Excellence in Sickle Cell Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center 2200 Children's Way, Room 11206 DOT, Nashville, TN 37232-9000, USA
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9
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Soliman AT, Yasin M, El-Awwa A, Abdelrahman MO, De Sanctis V. Does blood transfusion affect pituitary gonadal axis and sperm parameters in young males with sickle cell disease? Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2013; 17:962-968. [PMID: 24381868 PMCID: PMC3872712 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.122599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effect of packed red cell transfusion (PCTx) on serum concentrations of gonadotropins luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone (LH and FSH) and testosterone (T) levels and measured sperm parameters in young adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) on top-up transfusion (TTx) and those on exchange transfusion (ETx) regimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Basal serum concentrations of FSH, LH, and T and semen parameters were evaluated before and 7 days after PCTx in 18 young adults with transfusion-dependent SCD, aged 20.7 ± 2.88 years. They had full pubertal development (Tanner's stage 5), and capacity to ejaculate. They were regularly transfused since early childhood. Chelation therapy was started early during the first 2 years of life using desferrioxamine and was replaced by deferasirox for the last 4-5 years. Ten patients were on TTx and eight were on ETx regimen. RESULTS PCTx significantly increased hemoglobin (Hb) from 8.5 ± 1.17 g/dl to 10.5 ± 0.4 g/dl, T from 12.3 ± 1.24 nmol/L to 14.23 ± 1.22 nmol/L and gonadotropins' concentrations. Sperm parameters improved significantly after PCTx including: total sperm count from 87.4 ± 24.6 million/ml to 146.2 ± 51.25 million/ml, total progressive sperm motility (TPM) from 40.8 ± 11.1 million/ml to 93.4 ± 38.3 million/ml, rapid progressive sperm motility (RPM) progressive motility from 29.26 ± 8.75 million/ml to 67.4 ± 29 million/ml. After PCTx the total sperm count, TPM and RPM were significantly better in the ETx group versus the TTx group. Before and after PCTx, T concentrations were correlated significantly with sperm total count, volume, TPM and RPM (r = 0.53, 0.55, 0.42, and 0.38, respectively, P < 0.01). Hb concentrations were correlated significantly with sperm count, TPM, RPM, and % of sperms with normal morphology (r = 0.60, 0.69, 0.66, and 0.86, respectively, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that in males with SCD blood transfusion is associated with significant acute enhancement of sperm parameters and with increased concentrations of serum T, LH, and FSH. Improvement of sperm parameters were significantly better in the ETx group verses the TTx group. These "acute" effects on spermiogenesis are reached with an unknown mechanism/s and suggest a number of pathways that need further human and/or experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf T. Soliman
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hamad Medical Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Yasin
- Department of Hematology, Hamad Medical Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed El-Awwa
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hamad Medical Center, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Vincenzo De Sanctis
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric and Adolescent Outpatient Clinic, Quisisana Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
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10
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Gonzales GF, Vasquez VB, Gasco M. The transillumination technique as a method for the assessment of spermatogenesis using medicinal plants: the effect of extracts of black maca (Lepidium meyenii) and camu camu (Myrciaria dubia) on stages of the spermatogenic cycle in male rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2013; 23:559-65. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.802830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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11
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Bomhard EM, Gelbke HP. Hypoxaemia affects male reproduction: a case study of how to differentiate between primary and secondary hypoxic testicular toxicity due to chemical exposure. Arch Toxicol 2013; 87:1201-18. [PMID: 23430139 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Classification for fertility is based on two conditions, namely on evidence of an adverse effect on sexual function and fertility and that the effect is not secondary to other toxic effects. To decide on an adverse effect is a relatively simple day-to-day decision in toxicology but whether this effect is secondary often leads to serious controversy. As the seminiferous epithelium operates on the verge of hypoxia, oxygen deficit can lead to secondary impairment of testicular function. This is well known from healthy mountaineers exposing themselves to high altitude. They have reduced blood oxygen content that goes in parallel with impairment of testicular function and this effect remains for some time in spite of a compensatory polycythaemia. Similar findings are described for experimental animals exposed to hypobaric oxygen/high altitude. In addition, testicular function is affected in severe diseases in humans associated with systemic oxygen deficit like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sickle cell disease or beta-thalassaemia as well as in transgenic animals simulating haemolytic anaemia or sickle cell disease. The problem of insufficient oxygen supply as the underlying cause for testicular impairment has received relatively little attention in toxicology, mainly because blood oxygen content is generally not measured in these animal experiments. The difficulties associated with the decision whether testicular toxicity is primary or secondary to hypoxia are exemplified by the results of inhalation studies with nickel subsulphide and gallium arsenide (GaAs). Both of these particulate substances lead to severe lung toxicity that might impair oxygen uptake, but testicular toxicity is only observed with GaAs. This may first be explained by different effects on the blood: nickel subsulphide inhalation leads to a compensatory erythropoiesis that may mitigate pulmonary lack of oxygen uptake. In contrast, GaAs exposure is associated with microcytic haemolytic anaemia thereby aggravating any possible oxygen undersupply. Furthermore, the predominant pulmonary effect caused by GaAs (but not by nickel subsulphide) is alveolar proteinosis. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is also known as a severe disease in humans associated with hypoxaemia. Therefore, we conclude that the testicular effects observed after GaAs are secondary to hypoxaemia caused by the combination of pulmonary proteinosis and haemolytic anaemia. This publication tries to raise awareness to the severe consequences of hypoxaemia on testicular function that may already be caused by reduced oxygen pressure at high altitude without any chemical exposure.
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12
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Bomhard EM, Cohen SM, Gelbke HP, Williams GM. Evaluation of the male reproductive toxicity of gallium arsenide. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 64:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Madrid E, Reyes JG, Hernández B, García JM, San Martín S, Olivero P, Crespo PV, Párraga M. Effect of normobaric hypoxia on the testis in a murine model. Andrologia 2012; 45:332-8. [PMID: 22967372 DOI: 10.1111/and.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude hypoxia generates spermiogram impairment due to germinal epithelium, Leydig cells, sperm and seminal plasma alterations, but precise mechanisms involved are unknown. The objective of this work was to analyse the effect of normobaric hypoxia on the morphology of testicular interstitium and some associated molecular and hormonal factors. Twenty-four mice were exposed to normobaric hypoxia (8.1% inspired oxygen fraction) during 20 days. The effects on body weight, testicular weight, vascularisation, testosterone, HIF1-α and VEGF were analysed at different periods of exposure and compared to controls. Hypoxic mice had lower body weight than mice kept in normoxia. Testicular weight raised significantly the 1st day, but remained normal during the rest of experiment. Number of blood vessels per field and mean diameter of vessels were higher in hypoxic mice. Plasmatic and testicular testosterone raised during first 24 h of hypoxia, but decreased on the 5th day. Vascular/interstitial ratio (proportion of interstice occupied by blood vessels) duplicated at the end of the experiment. Most substantial early effects of hypoxia were testicular oedema, increase in number and diameter of blood vessels and elevation of plasmatic and testicular testosterone. Normobaric hypoxia generates similar effects to those induced by hypobaric hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Soliman A, Yasin M, El-Awwa A, Osman M, de Sanctis V. Acute effects of blood transfusion on pituitary gonadal axis and sperm parameters in adolescents and young men with thalassemia major: a pilot study. Fertil Steril 2012; 98:638-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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15
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Liao W, Cai M, Chen J, Huang J, Liu F, Jiang C, Gao Y. Hypobaric hypoxia causes deleterious effects on spermatogenesis in rats. Reproduction 2010; 139:1031-8. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to explore the effects of hypobaric hypoxia on spermatogenesis in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: three hypoxia-exposed groups and one normoxic control group. Rats in the normoxic control group were raised at an altitude of 300 m, while rats in the 5-, 15-, and 30-day hypoxic groups were raised in a hypobaric chamber simulating a high altitude of 5000 m for 5, 15, and 30 days respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect the DNA content of testicular spermatogenic cells in rats. The apoptosis of germ cells in testis was analyzed by using TUNEL assay. Spermatogenesis was also evaluated by morphology. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that 5–30 days of hypobaric hypoxia exposure significantly reduced the percentage of tetraploid cell population in rat testis. After rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for 30 days, the ratio of haploid and diploid cell populations in testis reduced significantly. Seminiferous tubules with apoptotic germ cell increased after exposure to hypoxia. Most apoptotic germ cells were spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Hypoxia also caused decrease of cellularity of seminiferous epithelium, degeneration and sloughing of seminiferous epithelial cells occasionally. The data suggest that hypobaric hypoxia inhibits the spermatogenesis in rats. Decrease of tetraploid spermatogenic cells (primary spermatocytes) induced by hypoxia is an important approach to suppress spermatogenesis. The apoptosis of primary spermatocytes and spermatogonia may contribute to the loss of tetraploid cell populations.
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16
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Cikutovic M, Fuentes N, Bustos-Obregón E. Effect of Intermittent Hypoxia on the Reproduction of Rats Exposed to High Altitude in the Chilean Altiplano. High Alt Med Biol 2009; 10:357-63. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2009.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Cikutovic
- Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Nelson Fuentes
- Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Eduardo Bustos-Obregón
- Anatomy & Development Biology Department, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Fitzpatrick JL, Craig PM, Bucking C, Balshine S, Wood CM, McClelland GB. Sperm performance under hypoxic conditions in the intertidal fish Porichthys notatus. CAN J ZOOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1139/z09-031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia (low oxygen) exposure generally leads to decreased reproductive capacity, exhibited by reductions in testicular mass, reproductive hormones, and sperm swimming speed. However, in many fish species, reproduction occurs either periodically or exclusively under hypoxic conditions. In this study we assessed how hypoxia influences sperm performance in the plainfin midshipman ( Porichthys notatus Girard, 1854), a species that lives in intertidal nests that become hypoxic during low tides. We exposed sperm from the same male to normoxic or hypoxic conditions and compared sperm characteristics and oxygen consumption between treatments. Sperm exposed to hypoxic water swam faster and consumed more oxygen than sperm swimming in normoxic conditions. Sperm swimming speed was positively related with oxygen consumption. For each male, the percentage of motile spermatozoa did not differ between treatments, suggesting that the same number of sperm were active but their performance was dependent on the dissolved oxygen content in the water. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of sperm competition and fertilization success under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 100 Pachena Road, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada
| | - Paul M. Craig
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 100 Pachena Road, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada
| | - Carol Bucking
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 100 Pachena Road, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada
| | - Sigal Balshine
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 100 Pachena Road, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada
| | - Chris M. Wood
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 100 Pachena Road, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada
| | - Grant B. McClelland
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Animal Behaviour Group, Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, 100 Pachena Road, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada
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Verratti V, Berardinelli F, Di Giulio C, Bosco G, Cacchio M, Pellicciotta M, Nicolai M, Martinotti S, Tenaglia R. Evidence that chronic hypoxia causes reversible impairment on male fertility. Asian J Androl 2008; 10:602-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2008.00346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Farias JG, Bustos-Obregón E, Tapia PJ, Gutierrez E, Zepeda A, Juantok C, Cruz G, Soto G, Benites J, Reyes JG. Time course of endocrine changes in the hypophysis-gonad axis induced by hypobaric hypoxia in male rats. J Reprod Dev 2007; 54:18-21. [PMID: 17984574 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypobaric hypoxia (CHH) induces a decrease in sperm output and spermatogenesis in male rats. The mechanisms that underlie these changes in testicular function are unknown and could involve changes in the hypophysis-gonad axis. We have tested the hypothesis that changes take place in the endocrine status (FSH, follicle stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; testosterone) of rats subjected to CHH. Male Wistar rats were maintained under normobaric or hypobaric conditions (428 torr, 4,600 m). On days 0, 5, 15 and 30 post-exposure, 12 rats were anesthetized, their body weights were measured and blood samples were collected. The testicles were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and processed for histological analysis. In this time course, the FSH levels rose by day 5 post-exposure. On subsequent days, the FSH levels decreased in rats subjected to CHH with a tendency to remain higher than the normoxic group. The LH plasma levels decreased in rats exposed to CHH. Consistent with the decrease in LH levels, the plasma testosterone level decreased significantly after 30 days of CHH exposure. Integrated analysis of hormonal changes in rats subjected to CHH and the body dehydration that occurs in HH allows us to conclude that the effects of CHH on spermatogenesis may be partially related to changes in the hypophysis-gonad hormonal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gonzalo Farias
- Universidad Arturo Prat-Centro de Investigaciones del Hombre del Desierto, Iquique, Chile.
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