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Yadav S, Gandhi V, Yadav P. Oral Involvement in Borderline Tuberculoid Leprosy: Report of a Case with Review of Literature. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:388-390. [PMID: 37266080 PMCID: PMC10231710 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_378_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, primarily affecting the skin and the peripheral nerves. Variable involvement of internal organs and mucosa has been reported with incidence ranging from 19% to 60%, more commonly seen in lepromatous spectrum of leprosy (LL and BL). We report a case of borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy presenting with oral mucosal lesions involving the gingival mucosa and lower lip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Yadav
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Gandhi
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Priya Yadav
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India
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2
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Fotakis AK, Denham SD, Mackie M, Orbegozo MI, Mylopotamitaki D, Gopalakrishnan S, Sicheritz-Pontén T, Olsen JV, Cappellini E, Zhang G, Christophersen A, Gilbert MTP, Vågene ÅJ. Multi-omic detection of Mycobacterium leprae in archaeological human dental calculus. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190584. [PMID: 33012227 PMCID: PMC7702802 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mineralized dental plaque (calculus) has proven to be an excellent source of ancient biomolecules. Here we present a Mycobacterium leprae genome (6.6-fold), the causative agent of leprosy, recovered via shotgun sequencing of sixteenth-century human dental calculus from an individual from Trondheim, Norway. When phylogenetically placed, this genome falls in branch 3I among the diversity of other contemporary ancient strains from Northern Europe. Moreover, ancient mycobacterial peptides were retrieved via mass spectrometry-based proteomics, further validating the presence of the pathogen. Mycobacterium leprae can readily be detected in the oral cavity and associated mucosal membranes, which likely contributed to it being incorporated into this individual's dental calculus. This individual showed some possible, but not definitive, evidence of skeletal lesions associated with early-stage leprosy. This study is the first known example of successful multi-omics retrieval of M. leprae from archaeological dental calculus. Furthermore, we offer new insights into dental calculus as an alternative sample source to bones or teeth for detecting and molecularly characterizing M. leprae in individuals from the archaeological record. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Insights into health and disease from ancient biomolecules’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Fotakis
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sean D Denham
- Museum of Archaeology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Meaghan Mackie
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miren Iraeta Orbegozo
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dorothea Mylopotamitaki
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Shyam Gopalakrishnan
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jesper V Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Enrico Cappellini
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Guojie Zhang
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223 Kunming, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | | | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åshild J Vågene
- Section for Evolutionary Genomics, GLOBE Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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3
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Current updates on dental perspectives of leprosy - Revisited. Dis Mon 2019; 66:100918. [PMID: 31813526 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2019.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present review summarizes the current updates on dental perspectives on leprosy and the affording factors that are responsible for the prevalence of caries and periodontal diseases in leprosy. It also highlights immunopathological phenomena and reactional episodes of leprosy that occur due to daedal interactions between the perio-odontopathic bacteria and M. leprae. In addition, a brief introduction, historiography, classification and clinicopathological aspects are also been covered.
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Bandara HMHN, Samaranayake LP. Viral, bacterial, and fungal infections of the oral mucosa: Types, incidence, predisposing factors, diagnostic algorithms, and management. Periodontol 2000 2019; 80:148-176. [PMID: 31090135 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
For millions of years, microbiota residing within us, including those in the oral cavity, coexisted in a harmonious symbiotic fashion that provided a quintessential foundation for human health. It is now clear that disruption of such a healthy relationship leading to microbial dysbiosis causes a wide array of infections, ranging from localized, mild, superficial infections to deep, disseminated life-threatening diseases. With recent advances in research, diagnostics, and improved surveillance we are witnessing an array of emerging and re-emerging oral infections and orofacial manifestations of systemic infections. Orofacial infections may cause significant discomfort to the patients and unnecessary economic burden. Thus, the early recognition of such infections is paramount for holistic patient management, and oral clinicians have a critical role in recognizing, diagnosing, managing, and preventing either new or old orofacial infections. This paper aims to provide an update on current understanding of well-established and emerging viral, bacterial, and fungal infections manifesting in the human oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lakshman P Samaranayake
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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5
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Matos FZ, Aranha AMF, Borges ÁH, Pedro FLM, Raslan SA, Hamida F, Veiga K, Porto AN. Can different stages of leprosy treatment influence the profile of oral health? Oral status in leprosy. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2018; 23:e376-e383. [PMID: 29924752 PMCID: PMC6051674 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of study was to evaluate the oral health status, salivary flow and halitosis among individuals diagnosed with leprosy as compared with healthy subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS A sample of 160 individuals was allocated into four groups, as follows: (G1) individuals with complete leprosy treatment; (G2) individuals diagnosed with leprosy and under multi-drug therapy; (G3) individuals diagnosed with leprosy not yet under treatment; and (G4) healthy individuals. Then individuals were submitted to periodontal clinical examination (visible plaque index, bleeding index, depth of probing and clinical attachment level); DMFT index (decayed-missing-filled teeth index); evaluation of salivary flow and halitosis using a halimeter equipment (Interscan Corp, Chatsworth, CA, USA). RESULTS The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests. The mean DMFT was found to be higher than 6.6, which is considered very high, with no significant difference between groups (P>0.05). As for salivary flow, 76.2% of the subjects presented normal flow rates, while 10% and 13.7% showed low and very low salivary flow rates, respectively, with hyposalivation being mostly observed in Groups 1 and 2. The highest prevalence of noticeable odor was found in healthy individuals (G4), and the most prevalent periodontal diagnosis was gingivitis (63.1%) in Group 3 (individuals with leprosy not yet under multi-drug therapy) followed by periodontitis (25%) in Group 1 (individuals who had completed leprosy treatment). CONCLUSIONS It was observed that individuals with a history of leprosy present poor oral health similar to that of systemically healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-Z Matos
- University of Cuiaba-UNIC-Mato Grosso,
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6
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Almeida ZMD, Ramos AN, Raposo MT, Martins-Melo FR, Vasconcellos C. Oral health conditions in leprosy cases in hyperendemic area of the Brazilian Amazon. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2017; 59:e50. [PMID: 28902294 PMCID: PMC5574624 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201759050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a hyperendemic chronic condition in the Rondônia State . Despite the significant impact of oral health on the quality of life and clinical evolution of leprosy patients, systematic evaluation of oral health status has been neglected. To analyze the dental-clinical profile, self-perceived oral health and dental health service access of leprosy cases in the municipality of Cacoal in Rondônia State , North Brazil, from 2001 to 2012. A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was performed based on dental evaluation and standardized structured instruments. We investigated clinically assessed and self-perceived oral health status, as well as dental health service access. A total of 303 leprosy cases were included; 41.6% rated their oral health as good, and 42.6% reported being satisfied with their oral health. Self-reported loss of upper teeth was 45.5%. The clinical evaluation revealed that 54.5% had active caries. Most (97.7%) cases reported having been to the dentist at least once in their life and 23.1% used public health services. The poor standard of oral health in this population may increase the risk for leprosy reactions, consequently reducing quality of life. Low access to public health dental services and poor self-perceived oral health reinforce the need to achieve comprehensive health care in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Novaes Ramos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Túlio Raposo
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Departamento de Saúde I, Campus Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Cidia Vasconcellos
- Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo, Brazil
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Crespo FA, Klaes CK, Switala AE, DeWitte SN. Do leprosy and tuberculosis generate a systemic inflammatory shift? Setting the ground for a new dialogue between experimental immunology and bioarchaeology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2016; 162:143-156. [PMID: 27704524 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
It is possible that during long lasting chronic infections such as tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy individuals who generate a stronger immune response will produce a chronic shift in the systemic levels of inflammatory proteins. Consequently, the systemic immunological shift could affect inflammatory responses against other persistent pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis associated with periodontal disease (PD). OBJECTIVE To determine if in vitro exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis or M. leprae lysates impacts subsequent immune responses to P. gingivalis; and to propose a new dialogue between experimental immunology and paleopathology. MATERIAL AND METHODS We sequentially (2 days protocol) exposed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors to bacterial lysates either from M. tuberculosis, or M. leprae, or P. gingivalis. After collecting all supernatants, we measured the expression of immune proteins TNFα and IFNγ using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Early exposure (day 1) of PBMCs to M. leprae or M. tuberculosis lysates induces an inflammatory shift detected by the increase of TNFα and IFNγ when the same cells are subsequently (day 2) exposed to oral pathogen P. gingivalis. DISCUSSION By extrapolating these results, we suggest that chronic infections, such as TB and leprosy, could generate a systemic immunological shift that can affect other inflammatory processes such the one present in PD. We propose that the presence and severity of PD should be explored as a proxy for inflammatory status or competence when reconstructing the health profile in past populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A Crespo
- Department of Anthropology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | | | - Andrew E Switala
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sharon N DeWitte
- Departments of Anthropology and Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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8
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Rodrigues GA, Qualio NP, de Macedo LD, Innocentini L, Ribeiro-Silva A, Foss NT, Frade M, Motta A. The oral cavity in leprosy: what clinicians need to know. Oral Dis 2016; 23:749-756. [PMID: 27606832 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a bacillus that has a tropism for skin and peripheral nerves. Leprosy treatment is based on a multidrug therapy established by the World Health Organization in 1982 and, despite its widespread use, Brazil ranks second worldwide in numbers of cases. Oral involvement in leprosy has been poorly described in the literature, and few studies have shown that although the bacillus is found in mucosa, specific leprosy lesions are rare and affect patients with advanced stages of the disease. This review aimed to assess the literature on oral manifestations in leprosy and the aspects involving oral cavity in leprosy pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Rodrigues
- Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health and Forensic Dentistry, Oral Diagnosis Division, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - N P Qualio
- Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health and Forensic Dentistry, Oral Diagnosis Division, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - L D de Macedo
- Dentistry and Stomatology Division, Ribeirão Preto Clinical Hospital, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lmar Innocentini
- Dentistry and Stomatology Division, Ribeirão Preto Clinical Hospital, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - A Ribeiro-Silva
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - N T Foss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology Division, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mac Frade
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology Division, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Acf Motta
- Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health and Forensic Dentistry, Oral Diagnosis Division, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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9
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Guo Y, Tian LL, Zhang FY, Bu YH, Feng YZ, Zhou HD. Dental caries and risk indicators for patients with leprosy in China. Int Dent J 2016; 67:59-64. [PMID: 27681303 PMCID: PMC5324593 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Li Tian
- Baodi District People's Hospital of Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng-Yi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Bu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hou-De Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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10
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Inflammatory Mediators of Leprosy Reactional Episodes and Dental Infections: A Systematic Review. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:548540. [PMID: 26339136 PMCID: PMC4539113 DOI: 10.1155/2015/548540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactional episodes in leprosy are a result of complex interactions between the immune system, Mycobacterium leprae, and predisposing factors, including dental infections. To determine the main inflammatory mediators in the immunopathological process of dental infections and leprosy reactions, we conducted a systematic review of primary literature published between 1996 and 2013. A three-stage literature search was performed (Stage I, "leprosy reactions" and "inflammatory mediators"; Stage II, "dental infections" and "inflammatory mediators"; and Stage III, "leprosy reactions," "dental infections," and "inflammatory mediators"). Of the 911 eligible publications, 10 were selected in Stage I, 68 in Stage II, and 1 in Stage III. Of the 27 studied inflammatory mediators, the main proinflammatory mediators were IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17; the main anti-inflammatory mediators were IL-10 and IL-4. Serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were significant during periodontal and reactional lesion evolution; IFN-γ and IL-1β were associated with types 1 and 2 reactions and chronic periodontal disease. The proinflammatory mediators in dental infections and leprosy reactions, especially IL-6 and TNF-α, were similar across studies, regardless of the laboratory technique and sample type. IFN-γ and IL-1β were significant for leprosy reactions and periodontal diseases. This pattern was maintained in serum.
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11
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Ranganathan AT, Khalid W, Saraswathy PK, Chandran CR, Mahalingam L. Periodontal findings in patients with Hansen's disease. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7S1:S108-10. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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12
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Infections and infestations. SCULLY'S MEDICAL PROBLEMS IN DENTISTRY 2014. [PMCID: PMC7184225 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-5401-3.00021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Increasing population mobility means that a wide range of infections is seen globally Infections are especially common in immunodeficient people
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Almeida JRDS, Alencar CH, Barbosa JC, Dias AA, Almeida MELD. Autopercepção de pessoas acometidas pela hanseníase sobre sua saúde bucal e necessidade de tratamento. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2013; 18:817-26. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232013000300027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A hanseníase é uma doença infecciosa que produz impacto do ponto de vista físico, social e psicológico. O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar a autopercepção sobre saúde bucal e a necessidade de tratamento em pacientes com hanseníase no Município de Fortaleza (CE), Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo, onde 100 pacientes com hanseníase foram submetidos a questionário semiestruturado. Os resultados da análise bivariada entre necessidade de tratamento e características socioeconômicas mostrou que apenas a escolaridade apresentou associação estatística (p = 0,000). Verificou-se associação entre a classificação da saúde bucal e autopercepção da necessidade de tratamento (p = 0,05). Com relação à autopercepção em saúde bucal, 36% dos sujeitos pesquisados classificaram sua saúde bucal como boa. A autopercepção do paciente com hanseníase quanto a sua saúde bucal e necessidade de tratamento deve, juntamente com uma avaliação clínica, servir de guia para a execução de políticas públicas que visem a favorecer um tratamento odontológico mais efetivo para esses pacientes.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Leprosy is a chronic, non-fatal disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It can cause cutaneous lesions, peripheral nerve lesions and orofacial manifestations, including destruction of the alveolar premaxillary process associated with loss of the maxillary incisors. The aims of this study were to assess orofacial manifestations of disease in patients attending the Bombay Leprosy Project clinics and develop clinical guidelines for dentists. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was administered to 43 diagnosed leprosy patients. This included questions on perceived oral health status and oral hygiene habits. An extra-oral and intra-oral examination was also performed. RESULTS Eighty-four per cent of patients were male with a mean age of 35.9 years. Forty-nine per cent had extra-oral cutaneous lesions. Twenty-eight per cent had intra-oral lesions including hyperpigmented patches. Twenty-one per cent had cranial nerve involvement and the trigeminal nerve was most commonly affected. CONCLUSIONS From this data a clinical dental pathway protocol for managing patients with leprosy was developed. It highlights dental issues when managing leprosy patients. Nerve involvement may mean patients are unable to give an accurate account of their symptoms. Special tests should include cranial nerve examination and swabs of intra-oral ulcers. Low rates of infectivity means that normal infection control measures can be taken when treating these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella Dave
- Centre for International Child Oral Health, King's College London, London, UK.
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MATOS VÍTORM, SANTOS ANALUÍSA. Leprogenic odontodysplasia: new evidence from the St. Jørgen’s medieval leprosarium cemetery (Odense, Denmark). ANTHROPOL SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1537/ase.121112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VÍTOR M.J. MATOS
- CIAS (Research Centre for Anthropology and Health) and Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra
| | - ANA LUÍSA SANTOS
- CIAS (Research Centre for Anthropology and Health) and Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra
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16
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Abstract
Although leprosy involves the oral cavity in up to 60% of the patients, examination of the oral cavity in leprosy clinics or oral health science clinics is often neglected. Oral involvement in leprosy can broadly be divided into non-specific and specific lesions. In this review, we discuss various oral manifestations in leprosy patients so as to increase the awareness about this aspect among dermatologists and dental surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambulingappa Pallagatti
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Soheyl Sheikh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Anupreet Kaur
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Aggarwal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishna Bhat
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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