1
|
Qian XX, Cai CW, Li HY, Lai LJ, Song DJ, Qiao YQ, Shen J, Ran ZH. Transcribed ultraconserved region (T-UCR) uc.261 expression is closely correlated with disease activity and intestinal permeability in Crohn's disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2019; 12:1756284819880733. [PMID: 31662792 PMCID: PMC6796213 DOI: 10.1177/1756284819880733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transcribed ultraconserved region (T-UCR) uc.261 is reported to participate in intestinal mucosa barrier damage in Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to determine the association with disease activity and intestinal permeability. METHODS Uc.261 level in colon mucosa and Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) were evaluated in 20 active CD patients. Uc.261 expression and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) were determined in Caco2 and T84 cells treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), respectively. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, histological index (HI), intestinal permeability to FITC-dextran, uc.261, and tight junction proteins (TJPs) levels were evaluated in BALB/C mice treated with saline enema, trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol enema, and anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody injection, respectively. RESULTS Uc.261 expression was overexpressed in CD patients, TNF-α treated cells, and colitis mice. Uc.261 expression was positively correlated with HBI (r = 0.582, p = 0.007) in CD patients, and positively correlated with TNF-α concentration and negatively correlated TEER in Caco2 and T84 cells (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, uc.261 was positively correlated with DAI (r = 0.824, p = 0.008), HI (r = 0.672, p = 0.021), and intestinal permeability (r = 0.636, p = 0.012), while negatively correlated with body weight (r = -0.574, p = 0.035), colon length (r = -0.866, p = 0.017), and TJP expression (all p < 0.05) in colitis mice. CONCLUSIONS Uc.261 expression was closely correlated with disease activity and intestinal permeability in CD. Anti-TNF-α treatment may play its role through suppressing uc.261 expression in colitis mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Han-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related
Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of
Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School
of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Research Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Jie Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related
Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of
Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School
of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Research Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Juan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related
Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of
Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School
of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Research Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Qi Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related
Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of
Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School
of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Research Center, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Zhi-Hua Ran
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related
Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of
Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School
of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute,
Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Research Center, Shanghai, 160 Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Russo MA, Santarelli DM. Comment on "In vivo and systems biology studies implicate IL-18 as a central mediator in chronic pain" by Vasudeva et al., J. Neuroimmunol. 2015 June; 283:3-49. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 286:77-8. [PMID: 26298327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Russo
- Hunter Pain Clinic, Broadmeadow, NSW, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gruber S, Schmidt M, Bozsaky E, Wolfram K, Haagen J, Habelt B, Puttrich M, Dörr W. Modulation of radiation-induced oral mucositis by pentoxifylline: Preclinical studies. Strahlenther Onkol 2014; 191:242-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00066-014-0775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
5
|
Peterson TC, Peterson MR, Raoul JM. The effect of pentoxifylline and its metabolite-1 on inflammation and fibrosis in the TNBS model of colitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 662:47-54. [PMID: 21554874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
TNBS-induced colitis has characteristics resembling human Crohn's disease including transmural inflammation, ulceration, and fibrosis. Current treatments target acute symptoms but do not necessarily prevent fibrotic complications of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pentoxifylline and its primary metabolite (M-1) on fibrosis in the TNBS-induced colitis model. Myeloperoxidase activity and interleukin-18 are indicators of inflammation and were elevated in the TNBS model. The morphology damage score assesses colon damage and was also elevated in the TNBS model. Collagen as the indicator of fibrosis was quantified and visualized by the Sirius Red/Fast Green staining technique and collagen type I was assessed by Western analysis. Collagen was elevated in the TNBS-induced model. Pentoxifylline and M-1 treatment significantly attenuated colon damage and inflammation in TNBS-colitis (P<0.05). M-1 treatment significantly reduced the TNBS-induced increase in colon weight, colon thickness and total collagen content (P<0.05). Results suggest that pentoxifylline and M-1 inhibit intestinal fibrosis in this experimental model and may prove beneficial in the treatment of intestinal fibrosis associated with human Crohn's disease with the added benefit of inhibiting inflammation and ulceration. This is the first study to examine the effects of racemic M-1 in vivo and one of the few studies to examine the effect of drugs on both inflammation and fibrosis in an experimental model of colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa C Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kapetanos D, Kokozidis G, Christodoulou D, Mistakidis K, Sigounas D, Dimakopoulos K, Kitis G, Tsianos EV. A randomized controlled trial of pentoxifylline for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Gastrointest Endosc 2007; 66:513-8. [PMID: 17725940 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2007.03.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentoxifylline can ameliorate pancreatitis in animal models because of its anti-tumor necrosis factor properties. OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to study the safety and efficacy of pentoxifylline in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. DESIGN Patients due to undergo ERCP for various indications were randomized to receive pentoxifylline 400 mg orally 3 times, beginning the day before ERCP (2 and 10 pm) until the night after the procedure (6 am and 2 and 10 pm) or to receive no preventive medication. Serum amylase values were determined before and 6 and 24 hours after ERCP. Diagnosis and grading of the severity of complications was performed according to consensus criteria. PATIENTS One hundred fifty-eight patients received pentoxifylline (group A) and 162 had no medication (group B). The groups were similar in distributions of sex, biliary sphincterotomy, pancreatography, pancreatic duct cannulations, stone extraction, stent placement, and presence of periampullary diverticulum. Group A patients were younger (mean age 63 vs 68 years, P<.05) and biliary colic was a more frequent indication (30 vs 12, P<.05). RESULTS Nine (5.6%) patients in group A and 5 (3%) in group B had pancreatitis (2 and 1 severe, respectively; P=.28). Serum amylase values were similar in baseline and 6- and 24-hour samples. Two (1.2%) patients in group A and 7 (4.3%) in group B had hemorrhage. LIMITATIONS This was not a double-blind trial. CONCLUSIONS In this study pentoxifylline did not protect against post-ERCP pancreatitis or hyperamylasemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kapetanos
- Gastroenterology Department, George Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, and First Division of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aricha R, Feferman T, Souroujon MC, Fuchs S. Overexpression of phosphodiesterases in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis: suppression of disease by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. FASEB J 2005; 20:374-6. [PMID: 16365386 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-4909fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) and experimental autoimmune MG (EAMG) are T cell-dependent antibody-mediated autoimmune disorders, in which the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is the major autoantigen. DNA microarray analysis revealed increased levels of several phosphodiesterase (PDE) subtypes in lymph node cells (LNC) and muscles of EAMG rats compared with healthy controls. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that EAMG is characterized by an increase of PDE subtypes 1, 3, 4, and 7 in LNC and of PDE subtypes 2, 3, 4, and 7 in muscles. Pentoxifylline (PTX), a general PDE inhibitor, inhibited the progression of EAMG when treatment started at either the acute or chronic stages of disease. This suppression was associated with down-regulation of humoral and cellular AChR-specific responses, as well as down-regulation of PDE4, TNF-alpha, IL-18, IL-12, and IL-10 in LNC and of PDEs 1, 4, 7, and TNF-alpha in muscles. The expression of Foxp3, a transcription factor essential for CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell function, was increased in splenocytes although the number of these cells remained unchanged. PTX also reduced the expression of the endopeptidase cathepsin-l, a marker of muscle damage, in EAMG muscles. This study demonstrates the involvement of PDE regulation in EAMG pathogenesis and suggests that PDE inhibitors may be considered for immunotherapy of MG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Revital Aricha
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Banfi C, Sironi L, De Simoni G, Gelosa P, Barcella S, Perego C, Gianazza E, Guerrini U, Tremoli E, Mussoni L. Pentoxifylline Prevents Spontaneous Brain Ischemia in Stroke-Prone Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 310:890-5. [PMID: 15201342 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.104.067090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory properties of pentoxifylline (PTX) have recently been described. Spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP) constitute an animal model that develops an inflammatory condition that precedes the appearance of brain abnormalities. The aim of the present investigation was to assess: 1) the efficacy of PTX treatment in protecting the neural system in SHRSP, and 2) how its anti-inflammatory properties might be involved in this effect. Male SHRSP fed with a permissive diet received no drug or PTX (100 or 200 mg/kg/day). Brain abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging developed spontaneously in control rats after 42 +/- 3 days, whereas in rats treated with 100 mg/kg/day PTX, abnormalities developed in only 80% of the animals and only after 70 to 80 days. Treatment with a higher dose of PTX (200 mg/kg/day) completely protected the brain from abnormal development. The drug treatment prevented the accumulation of macrophages or CD4+ positive cells, the activation of glia in brain tissues, and the appearance of inflammatory proteins and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in body fluids. PTX treatment did induce a greater increase of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), but not of interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 induced by in vivo administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which suggests a protective role for TNF-alpha. PTX also exerted protective effects when it was administered after the first occurrence of proteinuria (>40 mg/day). These data indicate that PTX treatment dose-dependently prevents the occurrence of spontaneous brain damage by reducing inflammatory events. We also hypothesize that the increase of TNF-alpha by PTX treatment represents a protective mechanism in SHRSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Banfi
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tong Z, Chen B, Dai H, Bauer PC, Guzman J, Costabel U. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis: inhibitory effects of pentoxifylline on cytokine production by alveolar macrophages. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2004; 92:234-9. [PMID: 14989392 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)61553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentoxifylline is a well-established drug with hemorheologic properties. Various evidence suggests an additional therapeutic potential in regard to inflammation and immunomodulation. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) is a granulomatous disease that is driven by T-cell and alveolar macrophage (AM)-derived cytokines. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline on the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and the soluble TNF receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) from AMs in EAA compared with dexamethasone. METHODS The AMs from 9 patients with EAA were cultured for 24 hours with RPMI medium alone or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (100 ng/mL) and with pentoxifylline at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mmol/L or 0.1-mmol/L dexamethasone. Cytokines in the culture supernatants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Pentoxifylline induced a dose-dependent suppression of spontaneous TNF-alpha and IL-10 release from AMs in EAA. The spontaneous production of other cytokines was unaffected by pentoxifylline at all tested concentrations. Dexamethasone inhibited significantly only the spontaneous release of TNF-alpha. Pentoxifylline and dexamethasone also inhibited the LPS-stimulated production of all cytokines except IL-1beta and sTNFR1. CONCLUSION Our results may be the basis for clinical trials to evaluate the role of pentoxifylline as an immunotherapeutic agent in the treatment of EAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Tong
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Ruhrlandklinik, Medical Faculty, University of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|