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Guarnieri R, Reda R, Di Nardo D, Miccoli G, Zanza A, Testarelli L. Clinical, radiographic, and biochemical evaluation of two-piece versus one-piece single implants with a laser-microgrooved collar surface after 5 years of functional loading. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2022; 24:676-682. [PMID: 35749154 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the clinical and radiographic conditions and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) at two-piece/bone level (TP/BL) versus one-piece/tissue level (OP/TL) single implants with a laser-microgrooved collar after at least 5 years of loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 20 single TP/BL implants and 20 contralateral OP/TL implants, both with a laser-microgrooved collar surface, in 20 systemically and periodontally healthy subjects (12 males and 8 females, between the age of 36 and 64 [mean age of 49.7 ± 12.3 years]), were examined. Levels of IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, b-FGF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN, MIP-1β, TNF-α, and VEGF were assessed in PICF using the Bio-Plex 200 Suspension Array System. Plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival recession (REC) were recorded. Radiographic crestal bone levels (CBL) were assessed at the mesial and distal aspects of the implant sites. RESULTS The mean PI, PD, BOP, and REC values had no significant differences in either group. A higher mean value of CBL with statistical difference was detected for TP/BL compared with OP/TL implants. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, and MIP-1β and TNF-α were higher at TP/BL implants than at OP/TL implants. However, only IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α values presented significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Although after 5 years of loading single TP/BL and OP/TL implants with a laser-microgrooved collar surface presented similar good clinical conditions, a higher proinflammatory state and higher crestal bone loss were detected for TP/BL implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Guarnieri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Private Periodontal-Implant Practice, Treviso, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Di Nardo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Miccoli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Zanza
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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AlQarawi FK, AlShammasi BM, AlBasry ZA, AlAwami HZ, AlEraky DM, AlJindan RY, Alrumaih HS, Alshahrani FA. Microleakage and Bacterial Adhesion with Three Restorative Materials Used to Seal Screw-access Channels of Implant Abutments: An In vitro Study. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 9:241-247. [PMID: 34667471 PMCID: PMC8473996 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_76_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Proper sealing of screw-access channels against microbial microleakage is advisable for the long-term success of screw-retained implant prosthesis. Objective: This study aimed to compare the bacterial adhesion and microleakage with three restorative materials, namely, composite resin, acrylic resin and bis-acryl, that are used to cover the access channels of screw-retained implant prostheses, using polytetrafluoroethylene tape as a spacer material. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 18 titanium straight abutments (Hex-lock® Zimmer) were torqued into implant analogs, which were then subdivided into three groups. The samples of each group were filled with polytetrafluoroethylene tape and sealed with the three restorative materials (Group A: composite resin; Group B: acrylic resin; Group C: bis-acryl). Measurements of surface bacterial adhesion and internal microleakage were then recorded. The results were statistically analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square tests. Results: No significant difference was found between the investigated materials in terms of their sealing effectiveness against microbial microleakage (P = 0.06). Regarding bacterial adhesion, composite resin showed the highest number of surface adhesion, but there was no significant difference between the three materials (P = 0.081). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that composite resin, acrylic resin and bis-acryl materials could be used alternatively in sealing the implant access channel owing to no significant differences in terms of microleakage and bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Khalid AlQarawi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baneen Mansour AlShammasi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Ahmed AlBasry
- Department of Substitutive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Zaki AlAwami
- Department of Substitutive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Mostafa AlEraky
- Department of Biomedical Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Yussuf AlJindan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Saleh Alrumaih
- Department of Substitutive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Abdullah Alshahrani
- Department of Substitutive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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de Sousa CA, Taborda MBB, Momesso GAC, Rocha EP, Dos Santos PH, Santiago-Júnior JF, Assunção WG. Materials Sealing Preventing Biofilm Formation in Implant/Abutment Joints: Which Is the Most Effective? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2020; 46:163-171. [PMID: 31905318 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature available for materials exhibiting the best efficacy in preventing biofilm formation in the interior of implants. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. This review is registered with the PROSPERO database and followed the suitability of the PRISMA protocol. The initial search resulted in 326 articles from the databases. After they were read, 8 articles remained, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Six of these 8 articles were classified as in vitro and 2 were classified as in situ. The regions of the implants evaluated ranged from the interface of the pieces to the occlusal upper access of the abutment. The implant connections evaluated the Morse taper, external connection, and internal connection. Meta-analysis of the quantitative data was performed at a significance level of .05. Cotton exhibited poor control of infiltration, even in combination with other materials. Isolated gutta-percha (GP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape with composite resin (CR) or GP performed better as physical barriers. The best results for chemical barriers were observed by the application of 1% chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) gel, thymol varnish, and the deposition of Ag films onto the surface. The applied meta-analysis did not show a significant difference in comparison between the different types of implant connections (P > .05). The application of CG and thymol varnish antimicrobials was effective in preventing biofilm formation and easy clinical execution; these could be used in combination with CR, GP, and PTFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Alves de Sousa
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Bello Taborda
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Passos Rocha
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Wirley Gonçalves Assunção
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sanchez-Perez A, Nicolas-Silvente AI, Sanchez-Matas C, Cascales-Pina E, Macia-Manresa V, Romanos GE. Control of Peri-Implant Mucous Inflammation by Using Chlorhexidine or Ultraviolet C Radiation for Cleaning Healing Abutments. Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051124. [PMID: 32138236 PMCID: PMC7084961 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Two-phase implants must be exposed to the external environment after the period of osteointegration has elapsed. For this purpose, a healing abutment is placed passing through the mucosa while forming the emergence profile. The continuous connection and disconnection can lead to an alteration in the tissue maturation, both because of the contact of bacterial plaque and because of the mechanical trauma that involves its manipulation, manifesting with different degrees of erythema or bleeding. To assess whether this epithelium disruption can be counteracted, a blinded study design was developed on 150 unitary implant patients divided into three groups (n = 50), applying chlorhexidine (group 1), ultraviolet C (UV-C) at a wavelength of 254 nm (group 2)and no treatment as a control group (group 3), during each of the disconnections and connections during the prosthodontic treatment (1 time per week for four weeks). All groups showed a better epithelium aspect at the end of the evaluation. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the degree of inflammation, the UV-C treated group had the lowest plaque accumulation, and the highest was for the chlorhexidine-treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Sanchez-Perez
- D.D.S., Department of Periodontology, Medicine and Dentistry Faculty, Murcia University, 30008 Murcia, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (E.C.-P.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Ana I. Nicolas-Silvente
- D.D.S., Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medicine and Dentistry Faculty, Murcia University, 30008 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96824-7946
| | | | - Elena Cascales-Pina
- D.D.S., Department of Periodontology, Medicine and Dentistry Faculty, Murcia University, 30008 Murcia, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (E.C.-P.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Vanesa Macia-Manresa
- D.D.S., Department of Periodontology, Medicine and Dentistry Faculty, Murcia University, 30008 Murcia, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (E.C.-P.); (V.M.-M.)
| | - Georgios E. Romanos
- D.D.S., Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8712, USA;
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Talic R, Alfadda SA. Internal Adaptation of Implant-Supported, Polymer-Infused Ceramic Crowns Fabricated by Two CAD/CAM Systems. J Prosthodont 2018; 27:868-876. [PMID: 30350377 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the internal 3D adaptation of polymer-infused ceramic crowns fabricated using two CAD/CAM systems: CEREC inLab MC XL and Ceramill Motion 2 (5X). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five implant-supported metal-ceramic crowns were fabricated conventionally using the lost-wax technique, and the outer contour was scanned to serve as a guide for designing the polymer-infused ceramic CAD/CAM crowns. Twenty-five crowns were fabricated using CEREC, and 25 crowns were fabricated using Ceramill. The cement space was set to 20 μm. The Zeiss Accura Microsystem Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), Calypso, and Geomagic software were used to measure the 3D accuracy of fit of all crowns to their respective implant abutments. To test for the statistical significance between groups in terms of 3D total distortion, a one-way ANOVA was conducted. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to investigate the differences in the x, y, and z coordinates. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant at an alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS Comparing the 3D misfit of metal-ceramic crowns to those of CAD/CAM crowns fabricated using CEREC revealed no significant difference (88.20 ± 36.59 μm vs. 102.45 ± 36.58 μm, p = 0.161). Similarly, no significant difference in 3D total distortion was identified between metal-ceramic crowns and crowns fabricated using Ceramill (88.20 ± 36.59 μm vs. 78.40 ± 31.03 μm, p = 0.336); however, the 3D total distortion of polymer-infused crowns made by Ceramill was significantly reduced compared to that of crowns fabricated by CEREC (78.3 ± 31.0 μm vs. 102.4 ± 36.5 μm, p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Polymer-infused ceramic crowns fabricated using CEREC exhibited the least accurate 3D fit. All misfit values of the tested groups were within clinically acceptable levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Talic
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara A Alfadda
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou L, Shi J, Zhu Y, Qian S, Lai H, Gu Y. The effect of photodynamic therapy on pathogenic bacteria around peri‐implant sulcus and in the cavity between abutment and implant after healing phase: A prospective clinical study. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:433-439. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐Yi Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ImplantologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China
| | - Jun‐Yu Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ImplantologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ImplantologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China
| | - Shu‐Jiao Qian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ImplantologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China
| | - Hong‐Chang Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ImplantologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China
| | - Ying‐Xin Gu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial ImplantologyShanghai Ninth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Institute of StomatologyShanghai Jiao Tong University639 Zhizaoju RoadShanghai200011China
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Broggini N, McManus LM, Hermann JS, Medina R, Schenk RK, Buser D, Cochran DL. Peri-implant Inflammation Defined by the Implant-Abutment Interface. J Dent Res 2016; 85:473-8. [PMID: 16632764 DOI: 10.1177/154405910608500515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An implant-abutment interface at the alveolar bone crest is associated with sustained peri-implant inflammation; however, whether magnitude of inflammation is proportionally dependent upon interface position remains unknown. This study compared the distribution and density of inflammatory cells surrounding implants with a supracrestal, crestal, or subcrestal implant-abutment interface. All implants developed a similar pattern of peri-implant inflammation: neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) maximally accumulated at or immediately coronal to the interface. However, peri-implant neutrophil accrual increased progressively as the implant-abutment interface depth increased, i.e., subcrestal interfaces promoted a significantly greater maximum density of neutrophils than did supracrestal interfaces (10,512 ± 691 vs. 2398 ± 1077 neutrophils/mm2). Moreover, inflammatory cell accumulation below the original bone crest was significantly correlated with bone loss. Thus, the implant-abutment interface dictates the intensity and location of peri-implant inflammatory cell accumulation, a potential contributing component in the extent of implant-associated alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Broggini
- Department of Periodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 78229, USA
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8
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do Nascimento C, Pita MS, Calefi PL, de Oliveira Silva TS, Dos Santos JBS, Pedrazzi V. Different sealing materials preventing the microbial leakage into the screw-retained implant restorations: an in vitro analysis by DNA checkerboard hybridization. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:242-250. [PMID: 26822400 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this controlled in vitro study was to identify and quantify up to 38 microbial species penetrating through the screw-retained implant prostheses with different sealing materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty morse cone implants were restored with single-unit screw-retained prostheses. All the components were randomly divided into five groups (n = 12) according to the proposed materials: (1) polytetrafluoroethylene tape+composite resin; (2) polytetrafluoroethylene tape+gutta-percha; (3) polytetrafluoroethylene tape+light-polymerized provisional composite; (4) cotton pellet+gutta-percha; and (5) cotton pellet+light-polymerized provisional composite. Human saliva was used as contaminant media, and DNA checkerboard hybridization was used to identify and quantify microbial species. RESULTS Microbial leakage was observed in all groups: M. salivarium, S. pasteuri, P. nigrescens, and P. melaninogenica were the species presenting the highest values of genome count, prevalence, and proportion within the groups. The total microbial mean counts (×105 , ±SD) were as follows: Group 1 (2.81 ± 0.38), Group 2 (3.41 ± 0.38), Group 3 (6.02 ± 1.48), Group 4 (6.40 ± 1.42), and Group 5 (17.45 ± 1.67). Group 5 showed the higher microbial counts (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Moderate to high counts of pathogenic/nonpathogenic species were detected in the inner parts of implants from all groups. The lowest values of microbial counts were recorded for polytetrafluoroethylene tape associated with composite resin or gutta-percha; cotton pellet associated with light-polymerized provisional composite presented the highest microbial counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio do Nascimento
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Murillo Sucena Pita
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Linares Calefi
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thalisson Saymo de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliane Bustamante Sá Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Pedrazzi
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Corominas-Delgado C, Espona J, Lorente-Gascón M, Real-Voltas F, Roig M, Costa-Palau S. Digital implant impressions by cone-beam computerized tomography: a pilot study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2015; 27:1407-1413. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Corominas-Delgado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
| | - José Espona
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
| | - Marian Lorente-Gascón
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
| | - Francisco Real-Voltas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
| | - Miguel Roig
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
| | - Santiago Costa-Palau
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
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Cavalcanti AGDA, Fonseca FTA, Zago CDR, Brito Junior RB, França FMG. Efficacy of Gutta-Percha and Polytetrafluoroethylene Tape to Microbiologically Seal the Screw Access Channel of Different Prosthetic Implant Abutments. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2015; 18:778-87. [PMID: 25873366 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate in vitro, the efficacy of gutta-percha (GP) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape to act as a seal against the penetration of Escherichia coli through prosthetic implant abutments (PIA) with external hexagon (EH) and morse taper (MT) connections. MATERIALS AND METHODS 120 sets of implant analogs with their respective PIA were used. 60 sets from each system were divided into four groups (n = 15): I - GP sealing; II - PTFE tape sealing; III - no sealing (NS) and IV - negative control. Microbiological challenge was performed by placing bacterial colonies inside the titanium PIA before screwing them into their respective analogs. Each set was immersed in 5 mL of BHI and incubated for 14 days with daily checks for contamination, according to the nutrient medium turbidity. RESULTS The type of seal used influenced microbial penetration at all evaluation times (p < 0.05). Compared to GP, PTFE led to an increase in turbidity and its effectiveness against microbial penetration was equivalent to group NS. When the sealing efficacy of each group was compared in terms of time, Cochran's Q test revealed that in the two groups sealed with PTFE, there was a progressive increase in the number of turbid nutrient media (p < 0.0001), while in the group sealed with GP, this was only observed in the MT system (p = 0.0310). CONCLUSIONS Sealing the PIA channel with GP was a significantly superior approach to sealing it with PTFE tape. PTFE tape or NS led to a progressive increase in microbiological leakage over time in PIA channels, however, this only occurred with GP in the MT system.
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Abdelhamed MI, Galley JD, Bailey MT, Johnston WM, Holloway J, McGlumphy E, Leblebicioglu B. A Comparison of Zirconia and Titanium Abutments for Microleakage. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2015; 17 Suppl 2:e643-51. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I. Abdelhamed
- Division of Prosthodontics; The Ohio State University, currently private office; Columbus OH USA
| | | | | | | | - Julie Holloway
- Division of Prosthodontics; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
- Department of Prosthodontics; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Edwin McGlumphy
- Division of Prosthodontics; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
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12
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Berberi A, Tehini G, Rifai K, Bou Nasser Eddine F, Badran B, Akl H. Leakage evaluation of original and compatible implant-abutment connections: In vitro study using Rhodamine B. JOURNAL OF DENTAL BIOMECHANICS 2014; 5:1758736014547143. [PMID: 25342984 PMCID: PMC4206669 DOI: 10.1177/1758736014547143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Leakage has been addressed as a major contributing factor to inflammatory reactions at the implant–abutment connection, leading to problems such as oral malodor, inflammation, and marginal bone loss. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the leakage at implant–abutment interface of OsseoSpeed™ implants connected to original and compatible abutments. A total of 28 OsseoSpeed implants were divided into four groups (n = 7). Each group was connected to four different abutments according to manufacturers’ recommendations: group A (TiDesign™); group B (Natea™); group C (Dual™); and group D (Implanet™) abutments. The inner volume of each implant–abutment combination was calculated and leakage was detected for each group with spectrophotometric analysis at 1 h (D0) and 48 h (D1) of incubation time using Rhodamine B. At 1 h, leakage volume was significantly lower in TiDesign and Dual than in Natea and Implanet (P < 0.001). At 48 h, however, leakage was significantly lower between TiDesign and all other systems (P < 0.005). Compatible abutments do not fit internal connection of OsseoSpeed implants perfectly, which increases the leakage of the final assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Tehini
- School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khaldoun Rifai
- School of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Bassam Badran
- Ecole Doctorale, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Haidar Akl
- Ecole Doctorale, PRASE, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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13
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In vitro evaluation of leakage at implant-abutment connection of three implant systems having the same prosthetic interface using rhodamine B. Int J Dent 2014; 2014:351263. [PMID: 24899896 PMCID: PMC4037604 DOI: 10.1155/2014/351263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. Hollow space between implant and abutment may act as reservoir for commensal and/or pathogenic bacteria representing a potential source of tissue inflammation. Microbial colonization of the interfacial gap may ultimately lead to infection and bone resorption. Using Rhodamine B, a sensitive fluorescent tracer dye, we aim in this study to investigate leakage at implant-abutment connection of three implant systems having the same prosthetic interface. Materials and Methods. Twenty-one implants (seven Astra Tech, seven Euroteknika, and seven Dentium) with the same prosthetic interface were connected to their original abutments, according to the manufacturers' recommendation. After determination of the inner volume of each implant systems, the kinetic quantification of leakage was evaluated for each group using Rhodamine B (10−2 M). For each group, spectrophotometric analysis was performed to detect leakage with a fluorescence spectrophotometer at 1 h (T0) and 48 h (T1) of incubation time at room temperature. Results. Astra Tech had the highest inner volume (6.8 μL), compared to Dentium (4 μL) and Euroteknika (2.9 μL). At T0 and T1, respectively, the leakage volume and percentage of each system were as follows: Astra Tech 0.043 μL or 1.48% (SD 0.0022), 0.08 μL or 5.56% (SD 0.0074), Euroteknika 0.09 μL or 6.93% (SD 0.0913), 0.21 μL or 20.55% (SD 0.0035), and Dentium 0.07 μL or 4.6% (SD 0.0029), 0.12 μL or 10.47% (SD 0.0072). Conclusion. The tested internal conical implant-abutment connections appear to be unable to prevent leakage. In average, Astra Tech implants showed the highest inner volume and the least leakage.
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Fauroux MA, Anxionnat C, Biens C, Mechali M, Romieu O, Torres JH. [Comparison of leakage at the implant to abutment connection in several implants types using a gas flow method]. REVUE DE STOMATOLOGIE, DE CHIRURGIE MAXILLO-FACIALE ET DE CHIRURGIE ORALE 2014; 115:74-78. [PMID: 24412401 DOI: 10.1016/j.revsto.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the leakage at the implant to abutment connection in several implants, using a new gas diffusion method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-eight implants of 13 different types were used. Nitrogen leaking was measured after screwing the connections to the torque levels recommended by the manufacturers. RESULTS A significant tightness difference was observed between the different implant types. This difference cannot be explained by the various connection designs (flat, conical) or by the various torques recommended by the manufacturers. CONCLUSION The authors suggest that the tightness difference between the various implant systems could be mainly associated with quality and precision of machining.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-A Fauroux
- Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Montpellier, 549, avenue du Pr-JL-Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France; EA4203, UFR d'odontologie, 545, avenue Pr J.-L-Viala, 34193 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - C Anxionnat
- Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Montpellier, 549, avenue du Pr-JL-Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France; EA4203, UFR d'odontologie, 545, avenue Pr J.-L-Viala, 34193 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - C Biens
- Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Montpellier, 549, avenue du Pr-JL-Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France; EA4203, UFR d'odontologie, 545, avenue Pr J.-L-Viala, 34193 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - M Mechali
- Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Montpellier, 549, avenue du Pr-JL-Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France; EA4203, UFR d'odontologie, 545, avenue Pr J.-L-Viala, 34193 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - O Romieu
- Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Montpellier, 549, avenue du Pr-JL-Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France; EA4203, UFR d'odontologie, 545, avenue Pr J.-L-Viala, 34193 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - J-H Torres
- Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Montpellier, 549, avenue du Pr-JL-Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France; EA4203, UFR d'odontologie, 545, avenue Pr J.-L-Viala, 34193 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Berberi A, Tehini G, Tabaja Z, Kobaissi A, Hamze K, Rifai K, Ezzedine M, Badran B, Chokr A. Determination of inner implant's volumes: a pilot study for microleakage quantification by stereomicroscopy and spectrophotometry. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:1122-30. [PMID: 24858762 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Microleakage quantification of fluids and microorganisms through the connections of different implant parts seems to be sparse. Moreover, no data exist regarding the determination of the volumes of inner parts of dental implant systems. This study aims to determine the volumes of inner parts of three dental implant systems with the same interface and to evaluate the microleakage phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three implant system sets (Euro-teknika(®), Astra Tech(®) and Implantium(®)) were used in this study. Implants were inoculated with safranin, brain heart infusion and distilled water. After inoculation and assembly of the different parts, different inner volumes (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 and V6) were measured and, the surfaces of the micro gaps were observed through a stereomicroscope. Implants containing safranin were immersed in vials containing distilled water. Samples then were taken to determine optical density using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS Regardless the used substance, volumes of the 3-implant systems are different. Although volumes V1, V 2, V 3 and V5 appeared to be constant within the same system regardless the used substance, volumes V4 and V6 were not. CONCLUSION The determination of the volumes and the evaluation of leaked substance using stereomicroscopic and spectrophotometric methods showed the accuracy of these methods and the importance of their use in the study of microleakage. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Leakage is an important factor for chronic inflammatory infiltration and marginal bone resorption. Studies have shown fluid and bacterial leakage into abutment- implant (A-I) assemblies of certain implants with 'closely locked' abutments and the creation of a constant bacterial reservoir in the empty space found between the implant and the abutment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Berberi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - G Tehini
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Z Tabaja
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A Kobaissi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - K Hamze
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences I, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University Beirut, Lebanon
| | - K Rifai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - M Ezzedine
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences I, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University Beirut, Lebanon
| | - B Badran
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut Lebanon
| | - A Chokr
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences I, Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Research Platform for Environmental Science (PRASE), Lebanese University Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +96170924383, Fax: +9614533060, e-mail:
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Passos SP, Gressler May L, Faria R, Özcan M, Bottino MA. Implant-abutment gap versus microbial colonization: Clinical significance based on a literature review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 101:1321-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renata Faria
- Department of Prosthodontics; Paulista University; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Department of Dentistry and Dental Hygiene; Clinical Dental Biomaterials, University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Marco Antonio Bottino
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics; São Paulo State University; São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil
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Silva-Neto JPD, Prudente MS, Carneiro TDAPN, Nóbilo MADA, Penatti MPA, Neves FDD. Micro-leakage at the implant-abutment interface with different tightening torques in vitro. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 20:581-7. [PMID: 23138747 PMCID: PMC3881787 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572012000500015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated the microleakage at the implant/abutment interface of
external hexagon (EH) implants and abutments with different amounts of bacteria
and tightening torques. Material and Methods A bacterial suspension was prepared to inoculate the implants. The first phase of
this study used nine EH implants and abutments that were divided into three groups
with different amounts of bacterial suspension (n=3): V0.5: 0.5 µL; V1.0: 1.0 µL e
V1.5: 1.5 µL, and tightened to the manufacturer's recommended torque. The second
phase of this experiment used 27 assemblies that were similar to those used in the
first phase. These samples were inoculated with 0.5 µL of bacterial suspension and
divided into three groups (n=9). T10: 10 Ncm; T20: 20 Ncm and T32: 32 Ncm. The
samples were evaluated according to the turbidity of the broth every 24 hours for
14 days, and the bacteria viability was tested after that period. The statistical
evaluation was conducted by Kruskal-Wallis testing (p<.05). Results During the first phase, groups V1.0 and V1.5 was presented with bacterial
contamination in all samples after 24 h. During the second phase, two samples from
group T10 and one from T20 presented positive results for bacterial contamination.
Different amounts of bacterial solution led to overflow and contamination during
the first 24 h of the experiment. The tightening torques did not statistically
affect the microleakage in the assemblies. However, the group that was tightened
to 32 Ncm torque did not show any bacterial contamination. Conclusion After 14 days of experimentation, the bacteria were proven to remain viable inside
the implant internal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo da Silva-Neto
- Department of Fixed Prostheses, Occlusion and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Duarte AR, Neto JPS, Souza JC, Bonachela WC. Detorque Evaluation of Dental Abutment Screws after Immersion in a Fluoridated Artificial Saliva Solution. J Prosthodont 2012; 22:275-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2012.00941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antônio R.C. Duarte
- Associate Professor, Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry-DOD; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Natal; Brazil
| | | | | | - Wellington C. Bonachela
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Bauru; Brazil
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Peri-implant crestal bone loss: a putative mechanism. Int J Dent 2012; 2012:742439. [PMID: 23091492 PMCID: PMC3467942 DOI: 10.1155/2012/742439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. The immunological mechanisms of peri-implant crestal bone loss have, hitherto, not been elucidated. We hypothesized that bacterial products from the microgap cause upregulation of cytokines in otherwise healthy peri-implant cells, which results in osteoclast formation and, ultimately, in bone resorption. Materials and Methods. We used RT-PCR and ELISA to assay mediators of osteoclastogenesis in rat and human macrophages (r-and hMO); bone marrow derived stromal cells (r-and hBMCs); and human gingival fibroblasts (hGF)—with or without stimulation by LPS. TRAP positive multinucleate cells were assessed for their resorptive ability. Results. We show that IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were expressed by all examined cell types, and TNF-α was upregulated in hGF. Secretion of IL-1α and IL-1β proteins was stimulated in hMO by LPS, and IL-6 protein secretion was highly stimulated in hBMCs and hGF. Both LPS and RANKL stimulated macrophages to form osteoclast-like TRAP positive cells, which resorbed calcium phosphate substrates. Conclusion. Taken together, the results of our study support the hypothesis that bacterial endotoxins upregulate enhanced mediators of osteoclastogenesis in resident cells found in the healthy peri-implant compartment and that the local synergistic action of cytokines secreted by such cells results in the genesis of resorptively active osteoclasts.
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Sambrook RJ, Judge RB. The cross-pin retained implant supported restoration: a study of gasket placement and leakage. Aust Dent J 2012. [PMID: 23186564 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2012.01730.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advantages of cross-pin retained implant supported restorations (ISRs) include predictable retrieval and predictable retention. Unlike direct to fixture (DTF) or cement retained restorations, the prosthetic design of a cross-pinned restoration retains gaps at the interfaces between the crown, abutment and cross-pin screw. These spaces permit leakage into the suprastructure and gasket placement has been recommended to prevent this leakage. METHODS Five different gaskets were assessed for their ability to prevent leakage into a cross-pinned ISR. The gaskets tested were: cement admixture on the cross-pin screw; cement admixture on the inner surface of the coping and the cross-pin screw; cement admixture on the inner surface of the coping only; cement admixture placed 1 mm from the margin of the coping and a filler placed in the abutment chimney. results: Only gaskets which sealed both the cross-pin screw interface and the abutment-crown interface prevented leakage. A filler placed in the abutment chimney prevented leakage into this space but did not prevent fluid accumulating between the coping and abutment. Conservative placement of cement at the margin of the coping failed to prevent leakage. CONCLUSIONS Cement gaskets may effectively prevent leakage into a cross-pinned ISR. However, the use of a cement as a gasket has to be weighed against the issue of predictable retrieval, cement extrusion and incomplete seating.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Sambrook
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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21
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Park SD, Lee Y, Kim YL, Yu SH, Bae JM, Cho HW. Microleakage of different sealing materials in access holes of internal connection implant systems. J Prosthet Dent 2012; 108:173-80. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(12)60143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rismanchian M, Hatami M, Badrian H, Khalighinejad N, Goroohi H. Evaluation of microgap size and microbial leakage in the connection area of 4 abutments with Straumann (ITI) implant. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2011; 38:677-85. [PMID: 22047449 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-11-00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A microgap between implant and abutment can lead to mechanical and biological problems such as abutment screw fracture and peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate microgap size and microbial leakage in the connection area of 4 different abutments to ITI implants. In this experimental study, 36 abutments in 4 groups (including Cast On, Castable, Solid, and Synocta abutments) connected to Straumann fixtures (with their inner part inoculated with bacterial suspension) and microbial leakage were assessed at different times. The size of the microgap in 4 randomized locations was then measured by scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and by 1-way variance statistical test, Kruskal-Wallis, and their supplementary tests (Mann-Whitney HSD and Tukey's; α = .05) at the next step. The effect of using different types of abutments was significant on the mean microgap size (P < .001) and on the mean number of leaked colonies (CFU/mL) through the connection area of the implant and abutment within the first 5 hours of the experiment (P = .012); however, it did not significantly influence microleakage at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 14 days (P = .145). Using Synocta abutments compared with Solid abutments will not provide us with more accommodation, and vice versa. Using Solid and Synocta abutments can significantly decrease the microgap size; however, Cast On abutments do not show a significant difference in terms of microgap compared with Castable abutments. Microleakage in the connection area is comparable for these 4 abutments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Rismanchian
- Dental Implant Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Cho YB, Moon SJ, Chung CH, Kim HJ. Resorption of labial bone in maxillary anterior implant. J Adv Prosthodont 2011; 3:85-9. [PMID: 21814617 PMCID: PMC3141124 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2011.3.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of resorption and thickness of labial bone in anterior maxillary implant using cone beam computed tomography with Hitachi CB Mercuray (Hitachi, Medico, Tokyo, Japan). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients with 26 implants were followed-up and checked with CBCT. 21 OSSEOTITE NT® (3i/implant Innovations, Florida, USA) and 5 OSSEOTITE® implants (3i/implant Innovations, Florida, USA) were placed at anterior region and they were positioned vertically at the same level of bony scallop of adjacent teeth. Whenever there was no lesion or labial bone was intact, immediate placement was tried as possible as it could be. Generated bone regeneration was done in the patients with the deficiency of hard tissue using Bio-Oss® (Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland) and Bio-Gide® (Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland). Second surgery was done in 6 months after implant placement and provisionalization was done for 3 months. Definite abutment was made of titanium abutment with porcelain, gold and zirconia, and was attached after provisionalization. Two-dimensional slices were created to produce sagittal, coronal, axial and 3D by using OnDemand3D (Cybermed, Seoul, Korea). RESULTS The mean value of bone resorption (distance from top of implant to labial bone) was 1.32 ± 0.86 mm and the mean thickness of labial bone was 1.91 ± 0.45 mm. CONCLUSION It is suggested that the thickness more than 1.91 mm could reduce the amount and incidence of resorption of labial bone in maxillary anterior implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Bum Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
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Torres JH, Mechali M, Romieu O, Tramini P, Callas S, Cuisinier FJ, Levallois B. Development of a new quantitative gas permeability method for dental implant-abutment connection tightness assessment. Biomed Eng Online 2011; 10:28. [PMID: 21492459 PMCID: PMC3094215 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-10-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most dental implant systems are presently made of two pieces: the implant itself and the abutment. The connection tightness between those two pieces is a key point to prevent bacterial proliferation, tissue inflammation and bone loss. The leak has been previously estimated by microbial, color tracer and endotoxin percolation. Methods A new nitrogen flow technique was developed for implant-abutment connection leakage measurement, adapted from a recent, sensitive, reproducible and quantitative method used to assess endodontic sealing. Results The results show very significant differences between various sealing and screwing conditions. The remaining flow was lower after key screwing compared to hand screwing (p = 0.03) and remained different from the negative test (p = 0.0004). The method reproducibility was very good, with a coefficient of variation of 1.29%. Conclusions Therefore, the presented new gas flow method appears to be a simple and robust method to compare different implant systems. It allows successive measures without disconnecting the abutment from the implant and should in particular be used to assess the behavior of the connection before and after mechanical stress.
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Ricomini Filho AP, Fernandes FSDF, Straioto FG, Silva WJD, Del Bel Cury AA. Preload loss and bacterial penetration on different implant-abutment connection systems. Braz Dent J 2010; 21:123-9. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402010000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preload loss can favor the occurrence of implant-abutment interface misfit, and bacterial colonization at this interface may lead to implant failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preload loss and bacterial penetration through the implant-abutment interface of conical and external hexagon connection systems subjected to thermal cycling and mechanical fatigue (TM). Four different implant-abutment connection systems were evaluated (n=6): external hexagon with universal post, Morse taper with universal post, Morse taper with universal post through bolt, and locking taper with standard abutment. The assemblies (implant-abutment) were subjected to a thermal cycling regimen (1,000 cycles of 5°C and 55°C) and to mechanical fatigue (1.0 million cycles, 1.0 Hz, 120 N). The assemblies were immersed in Tryptic Soy + Yeast Extract broth containing Streptococcus sanguinis and incubated at 37°C and 10% CO2 for 72 h. Detorque values were recorded. The bacterial penetration was assessed and the abutments were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The preload data were analyzed statistically by two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. All screw abutment systems showed significantly higher (p<0.05) detorque values when subjected to TM and all conical systems presented bacterial penetration. The results show no relationship between the preload loss and the bacterial penetration.
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Cosyn J, Van Aelst L, Collaert B, Persson GR, De Bruyn H. The Peri-Implant Sulcus Compared with Internal Implant and Suprastructure Components: A Microbiological Analysis. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2009; 13:286-95. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8208.2009.00220.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Barbosa RES, do Nascimento C, Issa JPM, Watanabe E, Ito IY, de Albuquerque Junior RF. Bacterial Culture and DNA Checkerboard for the Detection of Internal Contamination in Dental Implants. J Prosthodont 2009; 18:376-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2009.00454.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Tosches NA, Brägger U, Lang NP. Marginal fit of cemented and screw-retained crowns incorporated on the Straumann (ITI)®Dental Implant System: anin vitrostudy. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009; 20:79-86. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Behr M, Rosentritt M, Lang R, Chazot C, Handel G. Glass-fibre-reinforced-composite fixed partial dentures on dental implants. J Oral Rehabil 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00768.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Duarte ARC, Rossetti PHO, Rossetti LMN, Torres SA, Bonachela WC. In vitro sealing ability of two materials at five different implant-abutment surfaces. J Periodontol 2007; 77:1828-32. [PMID: 17076607 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2006.060101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to test the sealing ability of two materials at five different implant-abutment surfaces. METHODS In the first phase, 2 mul brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth was deposited into the implant wells and glass culture tubes. A varnish or silicon sealant was applied at the cervical implant portion of experimental groups. The control group remained unexposed. The abutments were torque-tightened to 20 Ncm with a manual torque driver. Implants were immersed in 4 ml BHI broth at 37 degrees C for 2 hours to exclude contamination. In the second phase, 100 mul Enterococcus faecalis American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strain 29212 was deposited into the glass culture tubes. After periods of 7, 14, 21, 35, 49, and 63 days, the sealing capacity was checked. Abutments were removed, and a sterile paper cone collected material inside implant bodies. This material was transferred to new tubes with BHI to verify the presence of cloudy broths within 24 to 48 hours. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the two materials for each time period (Fisher exact test; P >0.05). Group E showed the least level of sealing ability (six implants contaminated), whereas group T showed the highest level (only two implants). CONCLUSIONS 1) Materials tested were not able to prevent contamination over 63 days. 2) Bacterial contamination was verified after 14 and 35 days in the control and experimental groups, respectively. 3) Although materials tested had demonstrated similar sealing capacities, dental implants showed bacterial contamination regardless of their external or internal hexagonal configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R C Duarte
- Oral Rehabilitation Program, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hänggi MP, Hänggi DC, Schoolfield JD, Meyer J, Cochran DL, Hermann JS. Crestal Bone Changes Around Titanium Implants. Part I: A Retrospective Radiographic Evaluation in Humans Comparing Two Non-Submerged Implant Designs With Different Machined Collar Lengths. J Periodontol 2005; 76:791-802. [PMID: 15898941 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.5.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental studies demonstrated that peri-implant crestal hard and soft tissues are significantly influenced in their apico-coronal position by the rough/smooth implant border as well as the microgap/ interface between implant and abutment/restoration. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographically the crestal bone level changes around two types of implants, one with a 2.8 mm smooth machined coronal length and the other with 1.8 mm collar. METHODS In 68 patients, a total of 201 non-submerged titanium implants (101 with a 1.8 mm, 100 with a 2.8 mm long smooth coronal collar) were placed with their rough/smooth implant border at the bone crest level. From the day of surgery up until 3 years after implant placement crestal bone levels were analyzed digitally using standardized radiographs. RESULTS Bone remodeling was most pronounced during the unloaded, initial healing phase and did not significantly differ between the two types of implants over the entire observation period (P >0.20). Crestal bone loss for implants placed in patients with poor oral hygiene was significantly higher than in patients with adequate or good plaque control (P <0.005). Furthermore, a tendency for additional crestal bone loss was detected in the group of patients who had been diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis prior to implant placement (P = 0.058). In both types of implants, sand-blasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA) surfaced implants tended to have slightly less crestal bone loss compared to titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS) surfaced implants, but the difference was not significant (P >0.30). CONCLUSION The implant design with the shorter smooth coronal collar had no additional bone loss and may help to reduce the risk of an exposed metal implant margin in areas of esthetic concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Hänggi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Oral Microbiology, University of Basel Dental School, Basel, Switzerland
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Callan DP, Cobb CM, Williams KB. DNA Probe Identification of Bacteria Colonizing Internal Surfaces of the Implant-Abutment Interface: A Preliminary Study. J Periodontol 2005; 76:115-20. [PMID: 15830645 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.1.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is limited knowledge concerning the specific genus and species of bacteria that may colonize internal surfaces of the implant-abutment interface (IAI) of two-stage dental implants. The purpose of this study was to use DNA probe analysis to identify those periodontopathic bacteria that may inhabit the internal surfaces and healing abutment screw-threads of the IAI of dental implants in situ. METHODS Following osseointegration, bacterial samples for DNA probe analysis were obtained from 54 two-stage hydroxyapatite plasma spray-coated implants in 32 patients. Using sterile paper points, samples were obtained from the IAI of 43 implants and the screw-threads of healing abutments in the other 11 implants. DNA probes were available to detect the following microbes: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythensis, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Treponema denticola. RESULTS All samples taken from healing abutment screw-threads were negative for all target microbes. The aggregate percentage of positive results for each target microbe for samples from internal surfaces of the IAI were: 41.9%, A. actinomycetemcomitans, 60.5%, T. forsythensis; 44.2%, C rectus; 60.5%, E. corrodens; 48.8%, F. nucleatum; 46.5%, P. gingivalis; 55.8%, P. intermedia; and 51.2%, T. denticola. In addition, no significant differences were noted between colonization of individual microbial species when comparing anterior to posterior and maxillary to mandibular implant sites. CONCLUSIONS Moderate to high levels of eight different periodontopathic microbes inhabiting the internal surfaces of the IAI of 43 two-stage implants in partially edentulous patients were identified by DNA probe analysis. The microbes colonized these surfaces within 25 days following the second stage surgery and placement of the healing abutment. In contrast, all samples obtained from screw-threads of 11 healing abutments were DNA probe negative. These findings appear to support those of other investigations demonstrating the translocation of bacteria from residual dentition to implants.
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Buchmann R, Khoury F, Pingel D, Lange DE. The microflora recovered from the outer-surfaces of the Frialit-2 implanto-prosthetic connector. Clin Oral Implants Res 2003; 14:28-34. [PMID: 12562362 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2003.140104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to examine the outer-surface microbiota of the prosthetic connector of Frialit-2 implants, and to compare the microbial findings with the peri-implant parameters 2 years after functional loading. In 16 implant-treated patients (55.8 +/- 9.5 years) the outer-surface micro-organisms of the prosthetic connectors were determined in 32 Frialit-2 implants. The functional loading time of the prosthetic suprastructures was 24.1 +/- 13.8 months on average. After removal of the implant-supported restoration, microbial samples were obtained from the outer-surfaces of the Frialit-2 prosthetic connector. The microbial plaque samples were specified on CDC-blood agar as percentages of the total cultivable flora. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was semiquantitively determined on TSBV-agar in CFU/ml. The microbial plaque samples were dominated by Actinomyces israelii (68.8%), Eubacterium lentum (56.3%) and Veillonella parvula (43.8%) with proportions ranking between 3.9% (V. parvula) and 11.1% (A. israelii). The most frequently detected gram-negative microorganisms were Fusobacterium nucleatum (87.5%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (81.3%), and Peptostreptococcus micros (68.8%) with enhanced proportions for P. gingivalis (11.4%) and P. micros (11.4%). No statistical significant correlation could be established between the microbiota present on the outer-surfaces of the F2-connector and the peri-implant parameters examined. The outer-surface microflora recovered from the implanto-prosthetic-connector of Frialit-2 implants reveals a colonization with gram-positive bacteria and potentially harmful gram-negative micro-organisms that were frequently detected, but present at low levels. After 2 years of restorative loading, the outer-surface microbial colonization is compatible with peri-implant soft tissue health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Buchmann
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Biology, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, USA.
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Rimondini L, Marin C, Brunella F, Fini M. Internal contamination of a 2-component implant system after occlusal loading and provisionally luted reconstruction with or without a washer device. J Periodontol 2001; 72:1652-7. [PMID: 11811500 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.12.1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial internal contamination of oral implants has been suggested as being responsible for inflammatory infiltration of peri-implant tissues at the fixture-abutment interface of 2-stage and 2-component implant systems; it is also considered as a potential source of pathogens. The present in vivo study evaluated contamination of the inner abutment-implant retaining screw, after occlusal loading and provisionally-luted reconstruction with or without a washer device. METHODS Eight 2-component oral implants sealed with an o-ring silicon washer device and 9 without a seal were placed in 7 patients with high oral hygiene standards. Two months after prosthetic reconstruction, crowns and internal screws were removed, and organic and inorganic screw contamination was examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. RESULTS An amorphous and crystalline contamination, suggestive of calcium and phosphate compounds, was seen on all screw surfaces. Microbial contamination was more frequently observed in the unsealed group. No differences in bacterial morphotypes were observed between the sealed and unsealed implants. Cocci were the most representative morphotypes, while rods were seldom seen. CONCLUSIONS In clinical situations, leakage occurs at the implant-abutment interface, although bacterial contamination is limited in patients with high oral hygiene standards. Contamination may be reduced by using a washer device.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rimondini
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.
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Hermann JS, Buser D, Schenk RK, Schoolfield JD, Cochran DL. Biologic Width around one- and two-piece titanium implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 2001; 12:559-71. [PMID: 11737099 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.120603.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gingival esthetics around natural teeth is based upon a constant vertical dimension of healthy periodontal soft tissues, the Biologic Width. When placing endosseous implants, however, several factors influence periimplant soft and crestal hard tissue reactions, which are not well understood as of today. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to histometrically examine periimplant soft tissue dimensions dependent on varying locations of a rough/smooth implant border in one-piece implants or a microgap (interface) in two-piece implants in relation to the crest of the bone, with two-piece implants being placed according to either a submerged or a nonsubmerged technique. Thus, 59 implants were placed in edentulous mandibular areas of five foxhounds in a side-by-side comparison. At the time of sacrifice, six months after implant placement, the Biologic Width dimension for one-piece implants, with the rough/smooth border located at the bone crest level, was significantly smaller (P<0.05) compared to two-piece implants with a microgap (interface) located at or below the crest of the bone. In addition, for one-piece implants, the tip of the gingival margin (GM) was located significantly more coronally (P<0.005) compared to two-piece implants. These findings, as evaluated by nondecalcified histology under unloaded conditions in the canine mandible, suggest that the gingival margin (GM) is located more coronally and Biologic Width (BW) dimensions are more similar to natural teeth around one-piece nonsubmerged implants compared to either two-piece nonsubmerged or two-piece submerged implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Hermann
- Department of Periodontics, Dental School, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
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