Comparison of three monoclonal and three polyclonal antibodies in the immunohistochemical diagnosis of canine autoimmune skin diseases

Proteomic analysis of intestinal mucosa responses to Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in naturally infected pig

Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) is one of the most frequent Salmonella serotypes isolated from European pigs. Despite the advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in host-pathogen interactions and host cell responses to S. typhimurium, the global change that occurs in naturally exposed populations has been poorly characterized. Here, we present a proteomics study on intestinal mucosa of pigs naturally infected with S. typhimurium, in order to better understand the pathogenesis of salmonellosis and the pathways which might be affected after infection. Samples were analyzed by 2D-DIGE and 44 different proteins exhibited statistically significant differences. The data set was analyzed by employing the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and the physiological function most significantly perturbed were immunological and infectious disease, cellular assembly and organization and metabolism. The pathways implicated in the porcine immune response to S. typhimurium were gluconeogenesis and Rho GDI/RhoA signaling, and our results suggest that keratins and the intermediate filaments could play an important role in the damage of the mucosa and in the success of infection. The role of these findings in salmonellosis has been discussed, as well as the importance of analyzing naturally infected animals to have a complete picture of the infection. Also, we compared the results found in this work with those obtained in a similar study using experimentally infected animals.

Cutaneous infiltrates and peripheral blood immune responses in dogs with immunomodulatory-responsive lymphocytic-plasmacytic pododermatitis

This study characterizes T- and B-lymphocyte responses in the peripheral blood and lesional skin of dogs with immunomodulatory-responsive lymphocytic-plasmacytic pododermatitis (ImR-LPP), a term previously proposed to denote a subpopulation of dogs with idiopathic pododermatitis. T-cell (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ ) and B-cell (CD21+) counts were significantly increased in both the epidermis and dermis of lesional ImR-LPP skin compared with that in pedal skin from healthy controls. CD3+ , CD4+, CD8+ and CD21+ cells were commonly observed in perivascular sites in the superficial dermis, periadnexally, beneath the dermal-epidermal (DE) junction and in the epidermis of lesional ImR-LPP skin. The CD8+ /CD3+ T-cell ratio in peripheral blood was significantly increased in the ImR-LPP group (0.42 versus 0.35 in controls). Serum IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations were all significantly elevated in affected dogs. Lymphocyte stimulation indices in ImR-LPP dogs were comparable with control levels except for a lower response to ionomycin (6.0 versus 11.1). Dogs with ImR-LPP had a higher incidence and mean (semi-quantitative) score for IgA, IgG and IgM deposits in the epidermis, and a significantly increased incidence of dermal IgA+, IgG+ and IgM+ mononuclear inflammatory cells. The results indicate that upregulated T- and B-lymphocyte responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of the skin lesions observed in dogs with ImR-LPP.