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Yoon S, Kim Y, Youn YS, Oh KT, Kim D, Lee ES. Transferrin-Conjugated pH-Responsive γ-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles for Antitumoral Topotecan Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111109. [PMID: 33218116 PMCID: PMC7698888 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed γ-cyclodextrin-based multifunctional nanoparticles (NPs) for tumor-targeted therapy. The NPs were self-assembled using a γ-cyclodextrin (γCD) coupled with phenylacetic acid (PA), 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride (DMA), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and transferrin (Tf), termed γCDP-(DMA/PEG-Tf) NPs. These γCDP-(DMA/PEG-Tf) NPs are effective in entrapping topotecan (TPT, as a model antitumor drug) resulting from the ionic interaction between pH-responsive DMA and TPT or the host–guest interaction between γCDP and TPT. More importantly, the γCDP-(DMA/PEG-Tf) NPs can induce ionic repulsion at an endosomal pH (~6.0) resulting from the chemical detachment of DMA from γCDP, which is followed by extensive TPT release. We demonstrated that γCDP-(DMA/PEG-Tf) NPs led to a significant increase in cellular uptake and MDA-MB-231 tumor cell death. In vivo animal studies using an MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografted mice model supported the finding that γCDP-(DMA/PEG-Tf) NPs are effective carriers of TPT to Tf receptor-positive MDA-MB-231 tumor cells, promoting drug uptake into the tumors through the Tf ligand-mediated endocytic pathway and increasing their toxicity due to DMA-mediated cytosolic TPT delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonyoung Yoon
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (S.Y.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yoonyoung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea; (S.Y.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea;
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea;
| | - Dongin Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1110 N Stonewall Ave, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA;
| | - Eun Seong Lee
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2164-4921
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Kawabata H. Transferrin and transferrin receptors update. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:46-54. [PMID: 29969719 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, transferrin (Tf) safely delivers iron through circulation to cells. Tf-bound iron is incorporated through Tf receptor (TfR) 1-mediated endocytosis. TfR1 can mediate cellular uptake of both Tf and H-ferritin, an iron storage protein. New World arenaviruses, which cause hemorrhagic fever, and Plasmodium vivax use TfR1 for entry into host cells. Human TfR2, another receptor for Tf, is predominantly expressed in hepatocytes and erythroid precursors, and holo-Tf dramatically upregulates its expression. TfR2 forms a complex with hemochromatosis protein, HFE, and serves as a component of the iron sensing machinery in hepatocytes. Defects in TfR2 cause systemic iron overload, hemochromatosis, through down-regulation of hepcidin. In erythroid cells, TfR2 forms a complex with the erythropoietin receptor and regulates erythropoiesis. TfR2 facilitates iron transport from lysosomes to mitochondria in erythroblasts and dopaminergic neurons. Administration of apo-Tf, which scavenges free iron, has been explored for various clinical conditions including atransferrinemia, iron overload, and tissue ischemia. Apo-Tf has also been shown to ameliorate anemia in animal models of β-thalassemia. In this review, I provide an update and summary on our knowledge of mammalian Tf and its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawabata
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa-ken 920-0293, Japan.
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Tortorella S, Karagiannis TC. Transferrin Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis: A Useful Target for Cancer Therapy. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:291-307. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ma P, Mumper RJ. Anthracycline Nano-Delivery Systems to Overcome Multiple Drug Resistance: A Comprehensive Review. NANO TODAY 2013; 8:313-331. [PMID: 23888183 PMCID: PMC3718073 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, daunorubicin, and idarubicin) are very effective chemotherapeutic drugs to treat many cancers; however, the development of multiple drug resistance (MDR) is one of the major limitations for their clinical applications. Nano-delivery systems have emerged as the novel cancer therapeutics to overcome MDR. Up until now, many anthracycline nano-delivery systems have been developed and reported to effectively circumvent MDR both in-vitro and in-vivo, and some of these systems have even advanced to clinical trials, such as the HPMA-doxorubicin (HPMA-DOX) conjugate. Doxil, a DOX PEGylated liposome formulation, was developed and approved by FDA in 1995. Unfortunately, this formulation does not address the MDR problem. In this comprehensive review, more than ten types of developed anthracycline nano-delivery systems to overcome MDR and their proposed mechanisms are covered and discussed, including liposomes; polymeric micelles, conjugate and nanoparticles; peptide/protein conjugates; solid-lipid, magnetic, gold, silica, and cyclodextrin nanoparticles; and carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ma
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Russell J. Mumper
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Han L, Huang R, Liu S, Huang S, Jiang C. Peptide-Conjugated PAMAM for Targeted Doxorubicin Delivery to Transferrin Receptor Overexpressed Tumors. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:2156-65. [DOI: 10.1021/mp100185f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongqin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shixian Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Guillemard V, Uri Saragovi H. Prodrug chemotherapeutics bypass p-glycoprotein resistance and kill tumors in vivo with high efficacy and target-dependent selectivity. Oncogene 2004; 23:3613-21. [PMID: 15034547 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin intercalates into DNA, causes double-strand breaks, and leads to apoptotic death. Limitations to the efficacy and therapeutic index of doxorubicin include poor tumor selectivity, high systemic toxicity, and the development of resistance, especially p-glycoprotein (p-gp)-mediated. We chemically coupled doxorubicin to a monoclonal antibody directed to the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, a receptor highly overexpressed in most tumors and validated as a tumor target. The prodrug conjugate bounded to tumor cells selectively, and accumulated efficiently and only in receptor-expressing cells. The conjugate was processed to release free doxorubicin inside target cells leading to selective toxicity, had >200-fold improved therapeutic index, and in vivo reduced tumor load with no systemic toxicity. Importantly, the prodrug conjugate is not subject to p-gp efflux and can bypass resistance in vivo. Our studies define a strategy to develop improved and more selective anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Guillemard
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Drummond Ave., 1320 Montréal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
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Vyas SP, Sihorkar V. Endogenous carriers and ligands in non-immunogenic site-specific drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2000; 43:101-64. [PMID: 10967224 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(00)00067-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery has gained recognition in modern therapeutics and attempts are being made to explore the potentials and possibilities of cell biology related bioevents in the development of specific, programmed and target oriented systems. The components which have been recognized to be tools include receptors and ligands, where the receptors act as molecular targets or portals, and ligands, with receptor specificity and selectivity, are trafficked en route to the target site. Although ligands of exogenous or synthetic origin contribute to the selectivity component of carrier constructs, they may impose immunological manifestations of different magnitudes. The latter may entail a continual quest for bio-compatible, non-immunogenic and target orientated delivery. Endogenous serum, cellular and extracellular bio-ligands interact with the colloidal carrier constructs and influence their bio-fate. However, these endogenous bio-ligands can themselves serve as targeting modules either in their native form or engineered as carrier cargo. Bio-regulatory, nutrient and immune ligands are sensitive, specific and effective site directing handles which add to targeted drug delivery. The present review provides an exhaustive account of the identified bio-ligands, which are not only non-immunogenic in nature but also site-specific. The cell-related bioevents which are instrumental in negotiating the uptake of bio-ligands are discussed. Further, a brief account of ligand-receptor interactions and the set of biological events which ensures ligand-driven trafficking of the ligand-receptor complex to the cellular interior is also presented. Since ligand-receptor interaction is a critical pre-requisite for negotiating cellular uptake of endogenous ligands and anchored carrier cargo, an attempt has been made to identify differential expression of receptors and bio-ligands under normal and etiological conditions. Studies which judiciously utilized bio-ligands or their analogs in negotiating site-specific drug delivery have been reviewed and presented. Targeted delivery of bioactives using endogenous bio-ligands offers enormous options and opportunities through carrier construct engineering and could become a future reality in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H.S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, M.P. 470003, Sagar, India.
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