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Alberti S, Zhang Q, D'Agostino I, Bruno A, Tacconelli S, Contursi A, Guarnieri S, Dovizio M, Falcone L, Ballerini P, Münch G, Yu Y, Patrignani P. The antiplatelet agent revacept prevents the increase of systemic thromboxane A 2 biosynthesis and neointima hyperplasia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21420. [PMID: 33293599 PMCID: PMC7722842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neointima hyperplasia is a crucial component of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. We have hypothesized that enhanced generation of platelet-derived thromboxane (TX)A2 in response to vascular damage plays a critical role in neointimal hyperplasia and that antiplatelet agents may mitigate it. In cocultures of human platelets and coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMC), we found that platelets induced morphologic changes and enhanced the migration of CASMC. The exposure of platelets to Aspirin [an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1] reduced the generation of TXA2 and prevented the morphological and functional changes induced by platelets in CASMC. Platelet-derived TXA2 induced COX-2 and enhanced prostaglandin (PG)E2 biosynthesis in CASMC, a known mechanism promoting neointimal hyperplasia. COX-2 induction was prevented by different antiplatelet agents, i.e., Aspirin, the TP antagonist SQ29,548, or Revacept (a dimeric soluble GPVI-Fc fusion protein). The administration of the novel antiplatelet agent Revacept to C57BL/6 mice, beginning three days before femoral artery denudation, and continuing up to seven days after injury, prevented the increase of the systemic biosynthesis di TXA2 and reduced femoral artery intima-to-media area and the levels of markers of cell proliferation and macrophage infiltration. Revacept might serve as a therapeutic agent for percutaneous coronary angioplasty and stent implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alberti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Ilaria D'Agostino
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bruno
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Tacconelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Contursi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Guarnieri
- CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Melania Dovizio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenza Falcone
- CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Ying Yu
- Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Paola Patrignani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy. .,CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology) (Ex CeSI-MeT), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
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2
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Copsel SN, Malek TR, Levy RB. Medical Treatment Can Unintentionally Alter the Regulatory T-Cell Compartment in Patients with Widespread Pathophysiologic Conditions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:2000-2012. [PMID: 32745461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are non-redundant mediators of immune tolerance that are critical to prevent autoimmune disease and promote an anti-inflammatory tissue environment. Many individuals experience chronic diseases and physiologic changes associated with aging requiring long-term medication. Unfortunately, adverse effects accompany every pharmacologic intervention and may affect overall outcomes. We focus on medications typically prescribed during the treatment of prevalent chronic diseases and disorders, including cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, and menopausal symptoms, that affect >200 million individuals in the United States. Increasing studies continue to report that treatment of patients with estrogen, metformin, statins, vitamin D, and tumor necrosis factor blockers are unintentionally modulating the Treg compartment. Effects of these medications likely comprise direct and/or indirect interaction with Tregs via other immune and parenchymal populations. Differing and sometimes opposing effects on the Treg compartment have been observed using the same medication. The length of treatment, dosing regimen and stage of disease, patient age, ethnicity, and sex may account for such findings and determine the specific signaling pathways affected by the medication. Enhancing the Treg compartment can skew the patient's immune system toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype and therefore could provide unanticipated benefit. Currently, multiple medicines prescribed to large numbers of patients influence the Treg compartment; however, how such effects affect their disease outcome and long-term health remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina N Copsel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Thomas R Malek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Robert B Levy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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3
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Tin G, Mohamed T, Shakeri A, Pham AT, Rao PPN. Interactions of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors with β-Amyloid. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:226-234. [PMID: 30157623 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major challenge at the moment with no new drugs available to cure this devastating neurodegenerative disorder. In this regard, drug repurposing, which aims to determine novel therapeutic usage for drugs already approved by the regulatory agencies, is a pragmatic approach to discover novel treatment strategies. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a known class of United States Food and Drug Administration approved drugs used in the treatment of depression. We investigated the ability of SSRIs fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, and escitalopram on Aβ42 aggregation and fibrillogenesis. Remarkably, the aggregation kinetic experiments carried out demonstrate the anti-Aβ42 aggregation activity of SSRIs fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline at all the tested concentrations (1, 10, 50, and 100 μM). Both fluoxetine and paroxetine were identified as the most promising SSRIs, showing 74.8 and 76% inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation at 100 μM. The transmission electron microscopy experiments and dot-blot study also demonstrate the ability of fluoxetine and paroxetine to prevent Aβ42 aggregation and fibrillogenesis, providing further evidence. Investigating the binding interactions of fluoxetine and paroxetine in the Aβ42 oligomer and fibril models derived from the solid-state NMR structure suggests that these SSRIs interact at a region close to the N-terminal (Lys16-Glu22) in the S-shaped cross-β-strand assembly and reduce Aβ42 fibrillogenesis. On the basis of this study, a pharmacophore model is proposed which shows that the minimum structural requirements to design novel Aβ42 aggregation inhibitors include the presence of one ionizable group, one hydrophobic group, two aromatic rings, and two hydrogen bond donor groups. These studies demonstrate that SSRIs have the potential to prevent Aβ42 aggregation by direct binding and could be beneficial to AD patients on SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Tin
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tarek Mohamed
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Arash Shakeri
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Amy Trinh Pham
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Praveen P. N. Rao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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4
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Coller BS. Foreword: A Brief History of Ideas About Platelets in Health and Disease. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.09988-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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5
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Capodanno D, Mehran R, Valgimigli M, Baber U, Windecker S, Vranckx P, Dangas G, Rollini F, Kimura T, Collet JP, Gibson CM, Steg PG, Lopes RD, Gwon HC, Storey RF, Franchi F, Bhatt DL, Serruys PW, Angiolillo DJ. Aspirin-free strategies in cardiovascular disease and cardioembolic stroke prevention. Nat Rev Cardiol 2018; 15:480-496. [DOI: 10.1038/s41569-018-0049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Riera CE, Dillin A. Can aging be 'drugged'? Nat Med 2016; 21:1400-5. [PMID: 26646496 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The engines that drive the complex process of aging are being identified by model-organism research, thereby providing potential targets and rationale for drug studies. Several studies of small molecules have already been completed in animal models with the hope of finding an elixir for aging, with a few compounds showing early promise. What lessons can we learn from drugs currently being tested, and which pitfalls can we avoid in our search for a therapeutic for aging? Finally, we must also ask whether an elixir for aging would be applicable to everyone, or whether we age differently, thus potentially shortening lifespan in some individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine E Riera
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.,Glenn Center for Research on Aging, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.,Glenn Center for Research on Aging, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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7
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Undas A, Brummel-Ziedins K, Mann KG. Why does aspirin decrease the risk of venous thromboembolism? On old and novel antithrombotic effects of acetyl salicylic acid. J Thromb Haemost 2014; 12:1776-87. [PMID: 25213262 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that aspirin, an irreversible inhibitor of platelet cyclooxygenase activity, is effective in secondary prevention of arterial thromboembolic events. The pooled results of the recent randomized, multicenter WARFASA and ASPIRE aspirin trials showed a 32% reduction in the rate of recurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients receiving aspirin following VTE. These clinical data support evidence that platelets contribute to the initiation and progression of venous thrombosis and aspirin inhibits thrombin formation and thrombin-mediated coagulant reactions. In addition to the known acetylation of serine 529 residue in platelet cyclooxygenase-1, the postulated mechanisms of aspirin-induced antithrombotic actions also involve the acetylation of other proteins in blood coagulation, including fibrinogen, resulting in more efficient fibrinolysis. This review summarizes current knowledge on the aspirin-induced antithrombotic effects that potentially explain clinical studies showing reduced rates of VTE events in aspirin-treated subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Abstract
Platelets are a remarkable mammalian adaptation that are required for human survival by virtue of their ability to prevent and arrest bleeding. Ironically, however, in the past century, the platelets' hemostatic activity became maladaptive for the increasingly large percentage of individuals who develop age-dependent progressive atherosclerosis. As a result, platelets also make a major contribution to ischemic thrombotic vascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide. In this brief review, I provide historical descriptions of a highly selected group of topics to provide a framework for understanding our current knowledge and the trends that are likely to continue into the future of platelet research. For convenience, I separate the eras of platelet research into the "Descriptive Period" extending from ~1880-1960 and the "Mechanistic Period" encompassing the past ~50 years since 1960. We currently are reaching yet another inflection point, as there is a major shift from a focus on traditional biochemistry and cell and molecular biology to an era of single molecule biophysics, single cell biology, single cell molecular biology, structural biology, computational simulations, and the high-throughput, data-dense techniques collectively named with the "omics postfix". Given the progress made in understanding, diagnosing, and treating many rare and common platelet disorders during the past 50 years, I think it appropriate to consider it a Golden Age of Platelet Research and to recognize all of the investigators who have made important contributions to this remarkable achievement..
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry S. Coller
- Laboratory of Blood and Vascular Biology, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, Tel: 212-327-7490, Fax: 212-327-7493
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Coller BS, Shattil SJ. The GPIIb/IIIa (integrin alphaIIbbeta3) odyssey: a technology-driven saga of a receptor with twists, turns, and even a bend. Blood 2008; 112:3011-25. [PMID: 18840725 PMCID: PMC2569161 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2008-06-077891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 07/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Starting 90 years ago with a clinical description by Glanzmann of a bleeding disorder associated with a defect in platelet function, technologic advances helped investigators identify the defect as a mutation(s) in the integrin family receptor, alphaIIbbeta3, which has the capacity to bind fibrinogen (and other ligands) and support platelet-platelet interactions (aggregation). The receptor's activation state was found to be under exquisite control, with activators, inhibitors, and elaborate inside-out signaling mechanisms controlling its conformation. Structural biology has produced high-resolution images defining the ligand binding site at the atomic level. Research on alphaIIbbeta3 has been bidirectional, with basic insights resulting in improved Glanzmann thrombasthenia carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis, assays to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for alloimmune neonatal thrombocytopenia, and the development of alphaIIbbeta3 antagonists, the first rationally designed antiplatelet agents, to prevent and treat thrombotic cardiovascular disease. The future looks equally bright, with the potential for improved drugs and the application of gene therapy and stem cell biology to address the genetic abnormalities. The alphaIIbbeta3 saga serves as a paradigm of rigorous science growing out of careful clinical observations of a rare disorder yielding both important new scientific information and improved diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry S Coller
- Laboratory of Blood and Vascular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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10
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Undas A, Brummel-Ziedins KE, Mann KG. Antithrombotic properties of aspirin and resistance to aspirin: beyond strictly antiplatelet actions. Blood 2007; 109:2285-92. [PMID: 17148593 PMCID: PMC1852201 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-01-010645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2006] [Accepted: 04/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin is effective in the prevention of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The primary established effect of aspirin on hemostasis is to impair platelet aggregation via inhibition of platelet thromboxane A(2) synthesis, thus reducing thrombus formation on the surface of the damaged arterial wall. Growing evidence also indicates that aspirin exerts additional antithrombotic effects, which appear to some extent unrelated to platelet thromboxane A(2) production. Aspirin can reduce thrombin generation with the subsequent attenuation of thrombin-mediated coagulant reactions such as factor XIII activation. Aspirin also acetylates lysine residues in fibrinogen resulting in increased fibrin clot permeability and enhanced clot lysis as well as directly promoting fibrinolysis with high-dose aspirin. The variable effectiveness of aspirin in terms of clinical outcomes and laboratory findings, which has been termed aspirin resistance, may be related to these additional antithrombotic effects that are altered when associated with common genetic polymorphisms such as the Leu33Pro beta(3)-integrin or Val34Leu factor XIII mutations. However, the clinical relevance of these observations is still unclear. Elucidation of the actual impacts of aspirin other than antiaggregation effects could be important in view of the widespread use of this drug in the prevention of thrombotic manifestations of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University School of Medicine, Krakow, Poland
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11
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Coller BS. Foreword: A Brief History of Ideas about Platelets in Health and Disease. Platelets 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-012369367-9/50762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Hovig T. The early discoveries of collagen-platelet interaction and studies on its role in hemostatic plug formation. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3:1-6. [PMID: 15634257 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.01065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hovig
- Institute/Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Smith
- Temple University Medical School, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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