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Paddison JAM, Rai BK, May AF, Calder S, Stone MB, Frontzek MD, Christianson AD. Magnetic Interactions of the Centrosymmetric Skyrmion Material Gd_{2}PdSi_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:137202. [PMID: 36206423 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The experimental realization of magnetic skyrmion crystals in centrosymmetric materials has been driven by theoretical understanding of how a delicate balance of anisotropy and frustration can stabilize topological spin structures in applied magnetic fields. Recently, the centrosymmetric material Gd_{2}PdSi_{3} was shown to host a field-induced skyrmion crystal, but the skyrmion stabilization mechanism remains unclear. Here, we employ neutron-scattering measurements on an isotopically enriched polycrystalline Gd_{2}PdSi_{3} sample to quantify the interactions that drive skyrmion formation. Our analysis reveals spatially extended interactions in triangular planes, and large ferromagnetic interplanar magnetic interactions that are modulated by the Pd/Si superstructure. The skyrmion crystal emerges from a zero-field helical magnetic order with magnetic moments perpendicular to the magnetic propagation vector, indicating that the magnetic dipolar interaction plays a significant role. Our experimental results establish an interaction space that can promote skyrmion formation, facilitating identification and design of centrosymmetric skyrmion materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A M Paddison
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Binod K Rai
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina, 29808, USA
| | - Andrew F May
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Stuart Calder
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Matthew B Stone
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Matthias D Frontzek
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Andrew D Christianson
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Pressure–Temperature Phase Diagram of Multiferroic TbFe2.46Ga0.54(BO3)4. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry8060059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The pressure–temperature phase diagram of the multiferroic TbFe2.46Ga0.54(BO3)4 was studied for hydrostatic pressures up to 7 GPa and simultaneously with temperatures up to 400 K by the Raman spectroscopy technique. The structural phase transition from the R32 phase to the P3121 phase was determined by observing the condensation of soft modes and the appearance of new lines. An increase in pressure leads to an increase in the temperature of the structural phase transition. These phases are stable over the entire investigated temperature and pressure range. No other phases have been found.
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Paddison JAM, Ong HS, Hamp JO, Mukherjee P, Bai X, Tucker MG, Butch NP, Castelnovo C, Mourigal M, Dutton SE. Emergent order in the kagome Ising magnet Dy 3Mg 2Sb 3O 14. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13842. [PMID: 27996012 PMCID: PMC5187434 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ising model—in which degrees of freedom (spins) are binary valued (up/down)—is a cornerstone of statistical physics that shows rich behaviour when spins occupy a highly frustrated lattice such as kagome. Here we show that the layered Ising magnet Dy3Mg2Sb3O14 hosts an emergent order predicted theoretically for individual kagome layers of in-plane Ising spins. Neutron-scattering and bulk thermomagnetic measurements reveal a phase transition at ∼0.3 K from a disordered spin-ice-like regime to an emergent charge ordered state, in which emergent magnetic charge degrees of freedom exhibit three-dimensional order while spins remain partially disordered. Monte Carlo simulations show that an interplay of inter-layer interactions, spin canting and chemical disorder stabilizes this state. Our results establish Dy3Mg2Sb3O14 as a tuneable system to study interacting emergent charges arising from kagome Ising frustration. Frustration in lattices of interacting spins can lead to rich and exotic physics, such as fractionalized excitations and emergent order. Here, the authors demonstrate a low-temperature transition from a disordered spin-ice-like phase to an emergent charge ordered phase in the bulk kagome Ising magnet Dy3Mg2Sb3O14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A M Paddison
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.,School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Harapan S Ong
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - James O Hamp
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Paromita Mukherjee
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Xiaojian Bai
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Matthew G Tucker
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK.,Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Nicholas P Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Claudio Castelnovo
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Martin Mourigal
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - S E Dutton
- Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK
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Paddison JAM, Stewart JR, Goodwin AL. SPINVERT: a program for refinement of paramagnetic diffuse scattering data. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:454220. [PMID: 24140881 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/45/454220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a program (spinvert; http://spinvert.chem.ox.ac.uk) for refinement of magnetic diffuse scattering data for frustrated magnets, spin liquids, spin glasses, and other magnetically disordered materials. The approach uses reverse Monte Carlo refinement to fit a large configuration of spins to experimental powder neutron diffraction data. Despite fitting to spherically averaged data, this approach allows the recovery of the three-dimensional magnetic diffuse scattering pattern and the spin-pair correlation function. We illustrate the use of the spinvert program with two case studies. First, we use simulated powder data for the canonical antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice to discuss the sensitivity of spinvert refinement to both pairwise and higher-order spin correlations. The effect of limited experimental data on the results is also considered. Second, we re-analyse published experimental data on the frustrated system Y0.5Ca0.5BaCo4O7. The results from spinvert refinement indicate similarities between Y0.5Ca0.5BaCo4O7 and its parent compound YBaCo4O7, which were overlooked in previous analyses using powder data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A M Paddison
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK. ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK
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