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Abstract
Steelmaking in the electric arc furnace (EAF), either scrap-based or based on hydrogen direct reduced iron, will in future contribute substantially to the reduction of CO2 emissions in the iron and steel industry. However, there still will be the need to introduce carbon into the EAF process either to carburize the steel or to create foaming slag to improve the energy efficiency of the melting process. So, to reach the emission reduction goals set around the world, it will be necessary to substitute fossil charge and injection carbon used in EAF steelmaking with alternative carbon sources. This review presents the recent research on carbon-neutral biomass-based and circular rubber or plastics-based carbon sources and their potential to substitute fossil charge or injection carbon in the EAF process. It also discusses the current state-of-the art and suggests further opportunities and needs for research and development to use alternative carbon sources to produce a really green and carbon neutral and/or fully circular steel.
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Sahajwalla V, Zaharia M, Kongkarat S, Khanna R, Rahman M, Saha-Chaudhury N, O’Kane P, Dicker J, Skidmore C, Knights D. Recycling End-of-Life Polymers in an Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Process: Fundamentals of Polymer Reactions with Slag and Metal. ENERGY & FUELS 2012; 26:58-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ef201175t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Veena Sahajwalla
- Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Magdalena Zaharia
- Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Somoyote Kongkarat
- Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Rita Khanna
- Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Muhammad Rahman
- Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Narendra Saha-Chaudhury
- Centre for Sustainable Materials Research and Technology (SMaRT@UNSW), School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Paul O’Kane
- OneSteel, Rooty Hill, Sydney, New South Wales 2766, Australia
| | - Jonathan Dicker
- OneSteel, Rooty Hill, Sydney, New South Wales 2766, Australia
| | | | - David Knights
- OneSteel, Rooty Hill, Sydney, New South Wales 2766, Australia
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Sahajwalla V, Zaharia M, Rahman M, Khanna R, Saha-Chaudhury N, O'Kane P, Dicker J, Skidmore C, Knights D. Recycling Rubber Tyres and Waste Plastics in EAF Steelmaking. STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 82:566-572. [DOI: 10.1002/srin.201100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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