Isolation and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Found in Free-Ranging Long-Eared Hedgehogs (Erinaceus concolor) From Tabriz, Iran

Isolation, identification, and antimicrobial sensitivity test of bacteria isolated from the rectal swab of african pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica)

Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica were widely known as pets or livestock in Indonesia, but there has been no study about bacteria from the rectal swab before. This study aims to isolate, identify, and analyze the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated bacteria from the rectal swab of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica. Rectal swab samples were cultured on blood agar plate and identified by selective media and biochemical tests. Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial sensitivity test. The result shows that the bacteria identified from the rectal swab samples of Atelerix albiventris are Escherichia coli (75%) and Proteus mirabilis (25%), meanwhile the bacteria identified from Hystrix javanica are Escherichia coli (100%). The identified Escherichia coli found from the sample is sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Fosfomycin, Kanamycin, Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, and Trimethoprim; and resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin G. The identified Proteus mirabilis is sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Kanamycin, and Trimethoprim; intermediate to Enrofloxacin; and resistant to Erythromycin, Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, and Tetracycline. This research concludes that the bacteria found from the rectal swab of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica are bacteria with similar species and characters.

Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Bacteria from Vulva Swab of African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica)

Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica are currently traded as pets or consumed in Indonesia, but there has been no research about bacteria from the vulva swab before. This research aims to isolate and identify bacteria from the vulva swabs of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica, and identify their antibiotic susceptibility. Samples were isolated by blood agar plates and selective media and identified by biochemical tests. Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. The result showed that from Atelerix albiventris was isolated and identified Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, while from Hystrix javanica was isolated and identified Escherichia coli. The identified Escherichia coli was sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim, and Kanamycin; intermediate to Streptomycin; and resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin G. The identified Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Kanamycin, Enrofloxacin, and Fosfomycin; and resistant to Erythromycin, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Trimethoprim. This research concludes that Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were isolated from vulva swab of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica, Escherichia coli was sensitive to eight antibiotics, while Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to five antibiotics.