Gai W, Lin L, Wang Y, Bian J, Tao Y. Relationship between dietary fiber and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Nephrol 2024;
37:77-93. [PMID:
38165561 PMCID:
PMC10920433 DOI:
10.1007/s40620-023-01808-4]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The potential protective effects of dietary fiber against all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease have not been definitively established. To verify this relationship, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were undertaken.
METHODS
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, ProQuest, and CINAHL were used to systematically search for prospective cohort studies that investigate the association between dietary fiber and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This search was conducted up to and including March 2023.
RESULTS
The analysis included 10 cohort studies, with a total of 19,843 patients who were followed up for 1.5-10.1 y. The results indicated a significant negative correlation between dietary fiber and all-cause mortality among patients with CKD (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.58-0.97, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis further revealed that the study population and exposure factors were significantly associated with all-cause mortality (P < 0.001). Increased dietary fiber intake was associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.78; 95% CI 0.67-0.90) and a reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.80-0.95) among patients with CKD.
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled results of our meta-analysis indicated an inverse association between dietary fiber intake and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease.
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