Monoclonal antibodies conjugated with radioisotopes for the treatment of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Long-read single-cell sequencing reveals expressions of hypermutation clusters of isoforms in human liver cancer cells

The protein diversity of mammalian cells is determined by arrays of isoforms from genes. Genetic mutation is essential in species evolution and cancer development. Accurate long-read transcriptome sequencing at single-cell level is required to decipher the spectrum of protein expressions in mammalian organisms. In this report, we developed a synthetic long-read single-cell sequencing technology based on LOOPSeq technique. We applied this technology to analyze 447 transcriptomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and benign liver from an individual. Through Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection analysis, we identified a panel of mutation mRNA isoforms highly specific to HCC cells. The evolution pathways that led to the hyper-mutation clusters in single human leukocyte antigen molecules were identified. Novel fusion transcripts were detected. The combination of gene expressions, fusion gene transcripts, and mutation gene expressions significantly improved the classification of liver cancer cells versus benign hepatocytes. In conclusion, LOOPSeq single-cell technology may hold promise to provide a new level of precision analysis on the mammalian transcriptome.

Long-read single-cell sequencing reveals expressions of hypermutation clusters of isoforms in human liver cancer cells

The protein diversity of mammalian cells is determined by arrays of isoforms from genes. Genetic mutation is essential in species evolution and cancer development. Accurate Long-read transcriptome sequencing at single-cell level is required to decipher the spectrum of protein expressions in mammalian organisms. In this report, we developed a synthetic long-read single-cell sequencing technology based on LOOPseq technique. We applied this technology to analyze 447 transcriptomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and benign liver from an individual. Through Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) analysis, we identified a panel of mutation mRNA isoforms highly specific to HCC cells. The evolution pathways that led to the hyper-mutation clusters in single human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules were identified. Novel fusion transcripts were detected. The combination of gene expressions, fusion gene transcripts, and mutation gene expressions significantly improved the classification of liver cancer cells versus benign hepatocytes. In conclusion, LOOPseq single-cell technology may hold promise to provide a new level of precision analysis on the mammalian transcriptome.

Production, characterization, and epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies of ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3)

Ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3), a member of 40S small ribosomal subunit, is a multifunctional protein with various extra-ribosomal functions including DNA repair endonuclease activity and is secreted from cancer cells. Therefore, antibodies with high specificity against rpS3 protein could be useful cancer biomarkers. In this study, polyclonal antibody (pAb) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were raised against rpS3 protein and epitope mapping was performed for each antibody; the amino acid residues of rpS3 were scanned from amino acid 185 to 243 through peptide scanning to reveal the epitopes of each mAb. Results showed that pAb R2 has an epitope from amino acid 203 to 230, mAb M7 has an epitope from amino acid 213 to 221, and mAb M8 has an epitope from amino acid 197 to 219. Taken together, novel mAbs and pAb against rpS3 were raised and mapped against rpS3 with different specific epitopes.