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COVID-19 in Cirrhotic Patients: Is Portal Vein Thrombosis a Potential Complication? Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:5900468. [PMID: 35345818 PMCID: PMC8957036 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5900468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have demonstrated that thromboembolic events increased in patients with coronavirus infection, usually occurring in elderly patients with severe illness, associated with comorbid diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare venous thromboembolic disease occurring typically in patients with an underlying disease such as decompensated cirrhosis with or without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIM To evaluate incidence of occurrence of acute PVT in cirrhotic patients infected with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). METHODS This cross-sectional, observational study involved 70 patients of the liver cirrhosis: (group A) 28 patients with liver cirrhosis infected with COVID-19, and 42 patients with liver cirrhosis as the control group matched for age and sex (group B). All patients were subjected to thorough medical history, routine investigations (complete blood count, liver, and renal function tests), imaging in the form of abdominal and Doppler ultrasonography to assess the presence of acute PVT, serum ferritin, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and PCR of COVID-19 for group A only. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding Doppler ultrasound findings as 3 of the patients in group A had PVT (10.7%), 2 of them had HCC diagnosed by triphasic CT abdomen, and only 1 patient in group B had PVT (2.3%) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In cirrhotic patients infected with COVID-19, portal vein thrombosis may be a potential complication even in the absence of hepatocellular carcinoma; further prospective studies with longer follow-up may be needed.
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2
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Acute Portal Vein Thrombosis during COVID-19 Convalescent Phase. Case Rep Hematol 2022; 2022:8562978. [PMID: 35308583 PMCID: PMC8933121 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8562978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute portal vein thrombosis represents a less common type of venous thromboembolism, even among the prothrombotic complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Such complications are primarily reported during the active phase of infection. The case here describes acute portal vein thrombosis following resolution of COVID-19 in a 44-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain. Abdominal imaging identified portal and other splanchnic vein thromboses. Studies for hypercoagulable conditions were negative. Polymerase chain reaction was negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2; however, IgG serology was positive. The case highlights the importance of considering thrombotic complications, particularly splanchnic vein thromboses, in patients with recent COVID-19.
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3
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Afshar ZM, Barary M, Babazadeh A, Hosseinzadeh R, Alijanpour A, Miri SR, Sio TT, Sullman MJM, Carson-Chahhoud K, Langer F, Ebrahimpour S. SARS-CoV-2-related and Covid-19 vaccine-induced thromboembolic events: A comparative review. Rev Med Virol 2022; 32:e2327. [PMID: 35112763 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Since the start of the pandemic, thrombotic events have been a well-known and severe complication associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Nevertheless, the initiation of vaccination programs brought another rare yet highly fatal thrombotic event, vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopaenia, which has caused extensive debate regarding the safety of vaccines. This review defines the thromboembolic events following infection and vaccination, identifies their risk factors, describes their pathophysiology, and discusses their management, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hosseinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Rouhollah Miri
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Terence T Sio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Florian Langer
- Zentrum für Onkologie, II. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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4
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Kheyrandish S, Rastgar A, Arab-Zozani M, Sarab GA. Portal Vein Thrombosis Might Develop by COVID-19 Infection or Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case-Report Studies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:794599. [PMID: 34970570 PMCID: PMC8712467 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.794599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Infection by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with different types of thrombotic complications same as portal vein thrombosis (PVT). However, by emerging vaccines of COVID, the thrombosis did not seem to be concerning anymore. Until new findings showed that, the vaccine of COVID itself can cause PVT.Method: We performed an electronic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences to evaluate the possibility of occurring PVT due to infection and vaccination of COVID-19. The results were reported in a narrative method and categorized into tables.Result: Overall, 40 cases of PVT from 34 studies were reviewed in this article. The prevalence of PVT following COVID-19 was more remarkable in males. However, it was more common in females after vaccinations of COVID-19 in the reviewed cases. Regardless of etiology, 20 of PVT cases reviewed in this article had at least one comorbidity. The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain (AP). After anticoagulant therapies, most of the patients improved or discharged.Conclusion: As long as the laboratory findings are not appropriate enough to predict PVT, the diagnosis of this complication with whatever underlying reason is challengeable, while rapid diagnosis and treatment of that are vital. Therefore, by providing available data in an organized way, we aimed to prepare the information of infected patients for better and easier future diagnosis of PVT in new cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setare Kheyrandish
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Paramedical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Rastgar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Paramedical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Anani Sarab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- *Correspondence: Gholamreza Anani Sarab
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5
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Tripolino C, Pizzini AM, Zaccaroni S, Cicognani C, Dapporto S, Cipollini ML, Giannone C, Cavoli C, Silingardi M. Is SARS-CoV-2 infection an emerging risk factor for splanchnic venous thrombosis? Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 79:347-355. [PMID: 34511494 DOI: 10.3233/ch-211256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thrombosis represents one of the most feared complications of the COronaVIrus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Although pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis are the most described complications, some investigations reported thrombotic localization also in the splanchnic venous district. METHODS We describe the case of a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting with abdominal pain and diagnosed with portal vein thrombosis. In addition, we shortly review available literature supporting the possible role of COVID-19 as leading cause of splanchnic venous thrombosis. RESULTS After in-depth diagnostic workup, we excluded the commonest causes of portal thrombosis and concluded that SARS-CoV-2 infection represented the main explanation of this finding. CONCLUSIONS Our study warns the clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for thrombosis in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection manifesting gastrointestinal symptoms. An appropriate diagnostic work-up could allow to obtain an early diagnosis and consequently improve the clinical outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Tripolino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Attilia Maria Pizzini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Zaccaroni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Cicognani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Dapporto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Luigia Cipollini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Giannone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlotta Cavoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Silingardi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Maggiore "Carlo Alberto Pizzardi", Bologna, Italy
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6
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Taquet M, Husain M, Geddes JR, Luciano S, Harrison PJ. Cerebral venous thrombosis and portal vein thrombosis: A retrospective cohort study of 537,913 COVID-19 cases. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 39:101061. [PMID: 34368663 PMCID: PMC8324974 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are concerns about a link between the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines against COVID-19 and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) and other thrombotic events. One key missing component of the risk-benefit analysis of using such vaccines is the risk of these severe thrombotic events following COVID-19. METHODS Using a retrospective cohort study based on electronic health records primarily in the USA, the absolute risks of CVT and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in the two weeks following a diagnosis of COVID-19 (made between January 20, 2020 and March 25, 2021) were calculated. The risks were compared to cohorts of patients with influenza (diagnosed within the same period) and people receiving an mRNA vaccine (i.e. not the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines) against COVID-19 (matched for demographics and the main risk factors for CVT and PVT). FINDINGS A total of 537,913 patients with a COVID-19 diagnosis were included. The incidence of CVT in the two weeks after a COVID-19 diagnosis was 42.8 per million people (95% CI 28.5-64.2). This was significantly higher than in a matched cohort of people who received an mRNA vaccine (RR = 6.33, 95% CI 1.87-21.40, P = 0.00014) and patients with influenza (RR = 2.67, 95% CI 1.04-6.81, P = 0.031). The incidence of PVT after COVID-19 diagnosis was 392.3 per million people (95% CI 342.8-448.9). This was significantly higher than in a matched cohort of people who received an mRNA vaccine (RR=4.46, 95% CI 3.12-6.37, P < 0.0001) and patients with influenza (RR=1.43, 95% CI 1.10-1.88, P = 0.0094).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Taquet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John R Geddes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul J Harrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
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7
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Buso G, Becchetti C, Berzigotti A. Acute splanchnic vein thrombosis in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:937-949. [PMID: 34120860 PMCID: PMC8149197 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a significant risk of venous thromboembolism. While information are mainly available for deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb and pulmonary embolism, scarce data exist regarding acute splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) in this setting. PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar English-language articles published up to 30 January 2021 on SVT in COVID-19 were searched. Overall, 21 articles reporting equal number of patients were identified. 15 subjects presented with portal vein thrombosis, 11 with mesenteric vein thrombosis, four with splenic vein thrombosis, and two with Budd-Chiari syndrome. Male sex was prevalent (15 patients), and median age was 43 years (range 26-79 years). Three patients had a history of liver disease, while no subject had known myeloproliferative syndrome. Clinical presentation included mainly gastrointestinal symptoms. Anticoagulation was started in 16 patients. Three patients underwent bowel resection. Ten subjects developed gastric or bowel ischemia, seven of whom underwent bowel resection, and four died after SVT diagnosis. Although rare, SVT should be seen as a complication of COVID-19. Patients with severe gastrointestinal symptoms should be screened for SVT, as rapid recognition and correct management are essential to improve the outcome of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Buso
- Angiology Division, Heart and Vessels Department, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Becchetti
- Hepatology, Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland,Hepatology, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annalisa Berzigotti
- Hepatology, Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland,Hepatology, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Corresponding author at: Hepatology, Department for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Zhu DD, Tan XM, Lu LQ, Yu SJ, Jian RL, Liang XF, Liao YX, Fan W, Barbier-Torres L, Yang A, Yang HP, Liu T. Interplay between nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inflammatory mediators in COVID-19-related liver injury. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2944-2962. [PMID: 34168400 PMCID: PMC8192291 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i22.2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a global pandemic and poses a major threat to human health worldwide. In addition to respiratory symptoms, COVID-19 is usually accompanied by systemic inflammation and liver damage in moderate and severe cases. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant proteins, participating in COVID-19-mediated inflammation and liver injury. Here, we show the novel reciprocal regulation between NRF2 and inflammatory mediators associated with COVID-19-related liver injury. Additionally, we describe some mechanisms and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xue-Mei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li-Qing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Si-Jia Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ru-Li Jian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin-Fang Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Lucíia Barbier-Torres
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Austin Yang
- Department of Biology, East Los Angeles College, Los Angeles, CA 91008, United States
| | - He-Ping Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, United States
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
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9
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Espinoza JAL, Júnior JE, Miranda CH. Atypical COVID-19 presentation with Budd-Chiari syndrome leading to an outbreak in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 46:800.e5-800.e7. [PMID: 33573853 PMCID: PMC7849468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We described a case report of a 50 years-old-woman admitted to the emergency department with abdominal pain associated with febrile hepatosplenomegaly with the final diagnosis of suprahepatic vein thrombosis secondary to COVID-19. Initially, this patient stayed out of a private room because of this atypical presentation and caused a COVID-19 outbreak in the emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Alejandro Lecca Espinoza
- Division of Medical Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorge Elias Júnior
- Division of Medical Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Clinical Oncology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Miranda
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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10
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Revzin MV, Raza S, Srivastava NC, Warshawsky R, D’Agostino C, Malhotra A, Bader AS, Patel RD, Chen K, Kyriakakos C, Pellerito JS. Multisystem Imaging Manifestations of COVID-19, Part 2: From Cardiac Complications to Pediatric Manifestations. Radiographics 2020; 40:1866-1892. [PMID: 33136488 PMCID: PMC7646410 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which was declared an official pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 has been reported in most countries, and as of August 15, 2020, there have been over 21 million cases of COVID-19 reported worldwide, with over 800 000 COVID-19-associated deaths. Although COVID-19 predominantly affects the respiratory system, it has become apparent that many other organ systems can also be involved. Imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis of all manifestations of the disease and its related complications, and proper utilization and interpretation of imaging examinations is crucial. A comprehensive understanding of the diagnostic imaging hallmarks, imaging features, multisystem involvement, and evolution of imaging findings is essential for effective patient management and treatment. In part 1 of this article, the authors described the viral pathogenesis, diagnostic imaging hallmarks, and manifestations of the pulmonary and peripheral and central vascular systems of COVID-19. In part 2 of this article, the authors focus on the key imaging features of the varied pathologic manifestations of COVID-19, involving the cardiac, neurologic, abdominal, dermatologic and ocular, and musculoskeletal systems, as well as the pediatric and pregnancy-related manifestations of the virus. Online supplemental material is available for this article. ©RSNA, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita V. Revzin
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Sarah Raza
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Neil C. Srivastava
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Robin Warshawsky
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Catherine D’Agostino
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Anna S. Bader
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Ritesh D. Patel
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Kan Chen
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - Christopher Kyriakakos
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
| | - John S. Pellerito
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, PO Box 208042, Room TE-2, New Haven, CT 06520 (M.V.R., A.M., A.S.B.); Department of Radiology, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, Manhasset, NY (S.R., R.W., C.D., R.D.P., K.C., C.K., J.S.P.); and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Danbury Radiological Associates, PC, Danbury, Conn (N.C.S.)
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Hassan W, Ramadan HKA. COVID-19 as a novel etiology of portal vein thrombosis: change in the current management concepts. Infect Dis (Lond) 2020; 53:148-150. [PMID: 33090034 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2020.1837943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Hassan
- Assiut Center for Viral Hepatitis Management, Ministry of Health, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Haidi Karam-Allah Ramadan
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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