CD14 promoter polymorphism (- 159C-->t) is not associated with myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease in patients with assumed high genetic risk

Associations of CD14 variants with the triglyceride levels and risk of myocardial infarction in an Eastern Chinese Han population

BACKGROUND

CD14 is crucial in the progression of myocardial infarction (MI). Several studies have explored the association between the risk of MI and the CD14 C-260 T polymorphism, but have reported inconsistent results.

METHODS

This study analyzed the association of the CD14 C-260 T polymorphism with susceptibility to MI. Totally, 240 MI patients and 298 normal subjects were included. The association between MI risk and the target polymorphism was assessed using 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios obtained through logistic regression.

RESULTS

The T allele of the CD14 C-260 T polymorphism was linked with an elevated risk of MI in Chinese Han people; subgroup analysis indicated that this effect was associated with smoking, male gender, and hypertension. In addition, the data revealed that different genotype carriers of the CD14 C-260 T polymorphism showed significantly distinct TG levels in MI patients.

CONCLUSION

Totally, the T allele of the CD14 C-260 T polymorphism is associated with an elevated risk of MI.

Association between the CD14-260C>T gene polymorphism and susceptibility to myocardial infarction: Evidence from case-control studies

Numerous published studies have investigated the relationship between the CD14-260C>T (rs2569190) polymorphism and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the results are still conflicting and inconclusive. Potentially eligible published articles were searched in four databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM). The odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the strength of the associations. Thirteen papers including 17 case-control studies were included, reporting a total of 6,443 MI patients and 6,315 controls. A significant increase in overall MI susceptibility was identified in the homozygote model. In the subgroup analysis, with respect to the type of MI, a significantly increasing acute MI susceptibility was found in the homozygote model. In the subgroup analysis for ethnicity, a significant increased susceptibility was found in Asian populations in allele, homozygote, recessive and dominant models. However, no significant association was found among Caucasian populations. In conclusion, there may be a moderate association between the CD14-260C>T polymorphism and acute MI susceptibility. This association may be different between ethnicities with the CD14-260C>T polymorphism being a risk factor for myocardial infarction in Asian populations.

Effect of CD14 polymorphisms on the risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence from a meta-analysis

Background

CD14 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. So far, many studies have been conducted, whereas the results were not always consistent.

Materials and methods

Twenty-six articles involving thirty-seven datasets were recruited to evaluate the association between rs2569190 (9413 patients and 7337 controls), C-159T (4813 patients and 2852 controls) polymorphisms and cardiovascular diseases in a meta-analysis. The random or fixed effect models were used to evaluate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals.

Results

The strongest association was observed between rs2569190 and CVD in overall population (T vs. C, OR = 1.169, 95% CI: 1.087–1.257, p = 2.44 × 10^− 5). Analysis after stratification by ethnicity indicated that rs2569190 was related to CVD in East Asian population (T vs. C, OR = 1.370, 95% CI; 1.226–1.531, p = 2.86 × 10^− 8) and a potential relationship in European (T vs. C, OR = 1.100, 95% CI: 1.019–1.189, p = 0.015). In the stratification of endpoints, the associations were found in CHD subgroup (T vs. C, OR = 1.357, 95% CI: 1.157–1.592, p = 2.47 × 10^− 7) and in AMI subgroup (T vs. C, OR = 1.152, 95% CI: 1.036–1.281, p = 0.009). However, we did not find any association between C-159T polymorphism with cardiovascular disease under any model.

Conclusions

The SNP rs2569190 significantly contribute to susceptibility and development of cardiovascular disease, particularly in the East Asian population and in the subtype CHD group, in addition, a potential association was observed in the AMI group, T allele acts as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-019-1018-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The CD14 C-260T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) modulates monocyte/macrophage activation in treated HIV-infected individuals

Background

HIV-infected individuals have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). T-allele carriers of the CD14 C-260T single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) have reported increased expression of the LPS-binding receptor, CD14 and inflammation in the general population. Our aim was to explore the relationship of this SNP with monocyte/macrophage activation and inflammation and its association with sub-clinical atherosclerosis in HIV-infected individuals.

Methods

Patients with no pre-existing CVD risk factors on suppressive antiretroviral therapy were recruited from University Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia (n = 84). The CD14 C-260T and TLR4 SNPs, Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile were genotyped and soluble(s) CD14 and sCD163 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hsCRP were measured in plasma. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by measuring carotid intima media thickness (cIMT). The association between CD14 C-260T SNP carriage and cIMT was assessed in a multivariable quantile regression model where a p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results

We found the CD14 C-260T T-allele in 56% of the cohort and evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in 27%. TT genotype was associated with higher sCD163 (p = 0.009) but only marginally higher sCD14 (p = 0.209) and no difference in hsCRP (p = 0.296) compared to CC/CT. In multivariable analysis, only Framingham risk score was independently associated with higher cIMT while lower sCD163 was trending towards significance. No association was found in TT-genotype carriers and cIMT measurements.

Conclusion

The CD14 C-260T SNP was associated with increased monocyte activation but not systemic inflammation or cIMT in this HIV-infected cohort with low CVD risk profile.

The association between CD14 gene C-260T polymorphism and coronary heart disease risk: a meta-analysis

Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 is considered an important cell-activating mediator of inflammatory responses that may result in atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease (CHD), thrombus formation, and myocardial infarction (MI). A common C-260T polymorphism in the promoter of the CD14 gene, the trans-membrane receptor of lipopolysaccharides, has been inconsistently associated with CHD. To investigate this inconsistency, we performed a meta-analysis of 28 studies involving a total of 13,335 CHD cases and 7,979 controls for C-260T of the CD14 gene to evaluate the effect of CD14 on genetic susceptibility for CHD. An overall random effects odds ratio of 1.24 (95 % CI: 1.12-1.36, P < 10(-5)) was found for T allele. Significant results were also observed using dominant (OR = 1.34, 95 % CI: 1.17-1.54, P < 10(-4)) or recessive genetic model (OR = 1.25, 95 % CI: 1.10-1.41, P = 0.0004). There was strong evidence of heterogeneity (P < 10(-5)), which largely disappeared after stratification by ethnicity. After stratified by ethnicity, significant results were found in East Asians; whereas no significant associations were found among Caucasians and other ethnic populations in all genetic models. In the stratified analysis according to sample size, CHD endpoints, and HWE status, significantly increased risks for the polymorphism were found in all genetic models. In conclusion, our results indicate that the CD14 C-260T polymorphism is a risk factor of CHD, especially in East Asians. However, additional very large-scale studies are warranted to confirm our results.