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Liu XH, De Gasperi R, Bauman WA, Cardozo CP. Nandrolone-induced nuclear accumulation of MyoD protein is mediated by Numb, a Notch inhibitor, in C2C12 myoblasts. Physiol Rep 2018; 6. [PMID: 29333723 PMCID: PMC5789652 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling via the androgen receptor (AR) stimulates myogenic progenitor differentiation. In addition, myogenic differentiation factor D (MyoD) and Numb, a Notch inhibitor, play key roles in regulating myogenic differentiation. Nandrolone, an anabolic steroid, upregulates both MyoD and Numb expression in myogenic cells. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MyoD is upregulated by nandrolone are unclear. Moreover, the potential crosstalk between nandrolone, MyoD, and Numb is not well understood. With these considerations in mind, we examined the effects of nandrolone on the expression of MyoD mRNA and protein, and determined the interactions of MyoD and Numb in the presence or absence of nandrolone in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts. Nandrolone increased MyoD mRNA and protein expression and significantly enhanced nuclear translocation of MyoD protein. The later effect of nandrolone was blunted by siRNA against Numb. Immunoprecipitation (IP) studies confirmed that Numb forms complexes with MyoD. Chromatin IP revealed that in the presence of nandrolone, Numb is recruited to a region of the MyH7 promotor containing the E‐box to which MyoD binds. These data indicate that nandrolone‐regulated MyoD activation occurs mainly through a posttranslational mechanism which promotes MyoD nuclear accumulation, and suggest that this effect of nandrolone is, at least in part, mediated by Numb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Hua Liu
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Rita De Gasperi
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - William A Bauman
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peter VA Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.,Department of Pharmacologic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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De Lima Rodrigues D, Alves AN, Guimarães BR, de Alcântara Araujo Amorim WW, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA. Effect of prior application with and without post-injury treatment with low-level laser on the modulation of key proteins in the muscle repair process. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1207-1213. [PMID: 29450762 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2456-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of LLLT prior to muscle injury with and without post-injury irradiation on the expression of isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), calcineurin (CaN), and myostatin during the repair process. Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control (n = 7); injury (n = 21); LLLT + injury (n = 21); injury + LLLT (n = 21), and LLLT + injury + LLLT (n = 21). Cryoinjury was performed on the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. The injured groups were euthanized at 3, 7, and 14 days after injury. LLLT was performed using an infrared laser (780 nm) with the following parameters: 10 J/cm2, 40 mW, 10 s per point, 8 points, and 3.2 J of total energy. At the end of each period, the TA muscle was removed for the analysis of MyHC, CaN, and myostatin gene expression using real-time PCR. The data were tested statistically by Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's post hoc test (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that prior irradiation reduced the mRNA expression of all proteins at 3 days. Post irradiation reduced the mRNA expression of MyHC-1, MyHC-2a, MyHC-2b, and CaN at 7 days. Prior irradiation combined with post-injury irradiation reduced the mRNA expression of MyHC-2x and CaN at 14 days and increased the mRNA expression of myostatin in the same period. In conclusion, different protocols of photobiomodulation can modulate the expression of the different isoforms of MyHC, CaN, and myostatin during the repair process. It is noteworthy that the combination of the prior and post-injury irradiation was the protocol that most promoted changes in the final phase of the repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle De Lima Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Agnelo Neves Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Ribeiro Guimarães
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Departamento de Pós Graduação, Mestrado e Doutorado em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Nove de Julho - UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil.
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Alves AN, Ribeiro BG, Fernandes KPS, Souza NHC, Rocha LA, Nunes FD, Bussadori SK, Mesquita-Ferrari RA. Comparative effects of low-level laser therapy pre- and post-injury on mRNA expression of MyoD, myogenin, and IL-6 during the skeletal muscle repair. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:679-85. [PMID: 26914683 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of pre-injury and post-injury irradiation with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the mRNA expression of myogenic regulatory factors and interleukin 6 (IL-6) during the skeletal muscle repair. Male rats were divided into six groups: control group, sham group, LLLT group, injury group; pre-injury LLLT group, and post-injury LLLT group. LLLT was performed with a diode laser (wavelength 780 nm; output power 40 mW' and total energy 3.2 J). Cryoinjury was induced by two applications of a metal probe cooled in liquid nitrogen directly onto the belly of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. After euthanasia, the TA muscle was removed for the isolation of total RNA and analysis of MyoD, myogenin, and IL-6 using real-time quantitative PCR. Significant increases were found in the expression of MyoD mRNA at 3 and 7 days as well as the expression of myogenin mRNA at 14 days in the post-injury LLLT group in comparison to injury group. A significant reduction was found in the expression of IL-6 mRNA at 3 and 7 days in the pre-injury LLLT and post-injury LLLT groups. A significant increase in IL-6 mRNA was found at 14 days in the post-injury LLLT group in comparison to the injury group. LLLT administered following muscle injury modulates the mRNA expression of MyoD and myogenin. Moreover, the both forms of LLLT administration were able to modulate the mRNA expression of IL-6 during the muscle repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnelo Neves Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Guimarães Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nadhia Helena Costa Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lília Alves Rocha
- Departament of Molecular Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo-FOUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Daumas Nunes
- Departament of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo-FOUSP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, CEP 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Alves AN, de Oliveira Cardoso V, Artilheiro PP, Bussadori SK, Rocha LA, Nunes FD, Fernandes KPS. Low-level laser irradiation modulates cell viability and creatine kinase activity in C2C12 muscle cells during the differentiation process. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2209-13. [PMID: 25616713 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) is increasingly used to treat musculoskeletal disorders, with satisfactory results described in the literature. Skeletal muscle satellite cells play a key role in muscle regeneration. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LLLI on cell viability, creatine kinase (CK) activity, and the expression of myogenic regulatory factors in C2C12 myoblasts during the differentiation process. C2C12 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 2% horse serum and submitted to irradiation with GaAlAs diode laser (wavelength, 780 nm; output power, 10 mW; energy density, 5 J/cm2). Cell viability and the expression of myogenic regulatory factors were assessed 24, 48, and 72 h after irradiation by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5,-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. CK activity was analyzed at 24 and 72 h. An increase in cell viability was found in the laser group in comparison to the control group at all evaluation times. CK activity was significantly increased in the laser group at 72 h. Myogenin messenger RNA (mRNA) demonstrated a tendency toward an increase in the laser group, but the difference in comparison to the control group was non-significant. In conclusion, LLLI was able to modulate cell viability and CK activity in C2C12 myoblasts during the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil.
| | - Agnelo Neves Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Vinicius de Oliveira Cardoso
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Paola Pelegrineli Artilheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
| | - Lilia Alves Rocha
- Departament of Molecular Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences and Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil
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