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Cadiou S, Al Tabaa O, Nguyen CD, Faccin M, Guillin R, Revest M, Guggenbuhl P, Houvenagel E, Pertuiset E, Coiffier G. Back pain following instillations of BCG for superficial bladder cancer is not a reactive complication: review of 30 Mycobacterium bovis BCG vertebral osteomyelitis cases. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:1773-1783. [PMID: 30868320 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations are used in bladder cancer treatment. Adverse effects can occur. Osteoarticular complications are mainly reactive arthritis, but true infections have been described, such as vertebral osteomyelitis. We made a review of M. bovis BCG vertebral osteomyelitis after instillations for bladder cancer using PubMed search. We added three new French cases. Twenty-seven cases of BCG vertebral osteomyelitis had been reported on PubMed. Of the 30 cases, all were male, averaging 73.4 ± 8.7 years old. Median time between diagnosis and first and last instillation was 22.5 and 14 months respectively. Half of vertebral osteomyelitis was thoracic and lumbar in the other half. Sensitivo-motor deficit was present at diagnosis in 42% of cases. Other infectious locations were common, mainly infectious abdominal aortic aneurysms (20%). Rifampicin, ethambutol and isoniazid were the usual therapy. Poor outcomes were reported with 50% of one or more spine surgery. M. bovis BCG vertebral osteomyelitis following bladder instillation for bladder cancer is a rare complication. However, the late onset of back pain after instillations differentiates them from reactive arthritis. Concomitant septic location such as infectious abdominal aortic aneurysms must be known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Cadiou
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 16 Boulevard de Bulgarie, 35200, Rennes, France.
| | - Omar Al Tabaa
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, 95301, Pontoise, France
| | - Chi-Duc Nguyen
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital St Philibert GHICL, 249 Rue du grand but, 59462, Lomme, France
| | - Marine Faccin
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Raphaël Guillin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Matthieu Revest
- Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, CHU Univ Rennes, Inserm U 1230, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Guggenbuhl
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France.,CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), F-35000, Rennes, France.,UMR INSERM U 1241, University of Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Eric Houvenagel
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital St Philibert GHICL, 249 Rue du grand but, 59462, Lomme, France
| | - Edouard Pertuiset
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, 95301, Pontoise, France
| | - Guillaume Coiffier
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France.,UMR INSERM U 1241, University of Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France
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Gupte A, Matcha A, Lauzardo M. Mycobacterium bovis BCG spinal osteomyelitis in a patient with bladder cancer without a history of BCG instillation. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2018-224462. [PMID: 30065051 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BCG has been used as intravesical immunotherapy for the treatment of bladder carcinoma. However, this treatment is not harmless and may lead to complications, with a reported incidence of systemic BCG infection ranging from 3% to 7%. We report a case of culture-proven Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) vertebral osteomyelitis in a 72-year-old patient with bladder carcinoma who was treated with intravesical mitomycin C but did not receive BCG. Cultures from biopsy recovered isolate resembling Mycobacterium tuberculosis biochemically, but resistant to pyrazinamide (PZA). The patient was originally started on a four-drug antituberculous regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and PZA. After genotypic analysis identified the organism as M. bovis (BCG), the regimen was changed to isoniazid and rifampin for 12 months. The patient responded well to this treatment. This case is unique as the patient received only intravesical mitomycin and did not receive BCG, implying the possibility of transmission from contaminated equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Gupte
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anupama Matcha
- Division of Hospitalist Medicine, University of North Carolina Regional Physicians, High Point, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Lauzardo
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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