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Yue L, Zhang J, Cui W, Yang R, Yin J. Maximizing choreography and performance in artistic swimming team free routines: the role of hybrid figures. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21303. [PMID: 38042940 PMCID: PMC10693558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid figures serve as an important component of artistic swimming, however, no prior research has investigated objective indicators for predicting total scores in competition. This study aimed to identify significance of hybrid figure (HF) elements in predicting total scores in artistic swimming competitions and compare these variables between the Beijing team trials and international official competitions. Eight HF variables were measured in the videos from the international artistic swimming competitions, with calibration and measurement of the variables leg height index and leg angle deviation being performed by means of Kinovea. Multiple linear regression was conducted to predict the total scores based on these variables investigated for the international teams, which showed 5 significant predictors including movement frequency, leg height index, leg angle deviation, mean pattern duration, and rotation frequency. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine the differences in the variables between the Beijing team and the international teams (top 5), which showed significant difference on movement frequency, leg angle deviation, leg height index and total score. When designing hybrid figures choreography of team free routine in artistic swimming, coaches should prioritize appropriate movement frequency, pattern changes and rotations over excessively long durations. Overly complex HF choreography may lead to a decline on performance in artistic swimming competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leijiao Yue
- Physical Education and Training Institute, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- School of Swimming and Diving, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlai Cui
- School of Dance and Martial Arts, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Physical Education and Training Institute, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Physical Education and Training Institute, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, China.
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Guimard A, Joulia F, Prieur F, Poszalczyk G, Helme K, Lhuissier FJ. Exponential Relationship Between Maximal Apnea Duration and Exercise Intensity in Non-apnea Trained Individuals. Front Physiol 2022; 12:815824. [PMID: 35145428 PMCID: PMC8821942 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.815824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that the duration of apnea is longer in static than in dynamic conditions, but the impact of exercise intensity on the apnea duration needs to be investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between apnea duration and exercise intensity, and the associated metabolic parameters. Ten healthy active young non-apnea trained (NAT) men participated in this study. During the first visit, they carried out a maximum static apnea (SA) and a maximal progressive cycle exercise to evaluate the power output achieved at peak oxygen uptake (PVO2peak). During the second visit, they performed four randomized dynamic apneas (DAs) at 20, 30, 40, and 50% of PVO2peak (P20, P30, P40, and P50) preceded by 4 min of exercise without apnea. Duration of apnea, heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood lactate concentration [La], rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and subjective feeling were recorded. Apnea duration was significantly higher during SA (68.1 ± 23.6 s) compared with DA. Apnea duration at P20 (35.6 ± 11.7 s) was higher compared with P30 (25.6 ± 6.3 s), P40 (19.2 ± 6.7 s), and P50 (16.9 ± 2.5 s). The relationship between apnea duration and exercise intensity followed an exponential function (y = 56.388e-0.025 x ). SA as DA performed at P20 and P30 induces a bradycardia. Apnea induces an SpO2 decrease which is higher during DA (-10%) compared with SA (-4.4%). The decreases of SPO2 recorded during DA do not differ despite the increase in exercise intensity. An increase of [La] was observed in P30 and P40 conditions. RPE and subjective feeling remained unchanged whatever the apnea conditions might be. These results suggest that the DA performed at 30% of VO2peak could be the best compromise between apnea duration and exercise intensity. Then, DA training at low intensity could be added to aerobic training since, despite the moderate hypoxia, it is sufficient to induce and increase [La] generally observed during high-intensity training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Guimard
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie et Poumon, H&P, INSERM, UMR 1272, Bobigny, France.,Département STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Fabrice Joulia
- Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research (C2VN), INSERM 1263, INRAE 1260, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,UFR STAPS, Toulon, France
| | - Fabrice Prieur
- Université Paris-Saclay, CIAMS, Orsay, France.,Université d'Orléans, CIAMS, Orléans, France
| | - Gauthier Poszalczyk
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie et Poumon, H&P, INSERM, UMR 1272, Bobigny, France.,Département STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Kader Helme
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie et Poumon, H&P, INSERM, UMR 1272, Bobigny, France.,Département STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - François J Lhuissier
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie et Poumon, H&P, INSERM, UMR 1272, Bobigny, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Médecine de l'Exercice et du Sport, Bondy, France
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Pla R, Poszalczyk G, Souaissia C, Joulia F, Guimard A. Underwater and Surface Swimming Parameters Reflect Performance Level in Elite Swimmers. Front Physiol 2021; 12:712652. [PMID: 34539436 PMCID: PMC8442910 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.712652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the role of underwater phases is well-known, no study has taken an interest in describing and quantifying the distance and time spent in apnea as a condition for optimal performance. This study aimed to investigate the impact of time and distance spent underwater and surface parameters on the swimming performance of elite swimmers. The performances of 79 swimmers in 100-m freestyle were analyzed (short-course). The underwater and spatiotemporal parameters of three groups have been recorded: finalists of the 2018 World Swimming Championships (WORLD), French swimmers who reached a 100 m performance time under 50 s at the 2018 French National Championships (UND50), and those who reached a 100 m performance time above 50 s (UP50). The WORLD group spent more distance underwater (37.50 ± 4.92 m) in comparison with UND50 (31.90 ± 4.88 m, p < 0.05) and UP50 (31.94 ± 4.93 m, p < 0.01) groups. The total percentage of non-swimming time was higher for WORLD (39.11 ± 4.73%) vs. UND50 (34.21 ± 4.55%, p < 0.05) and UP50 (33.94 ± 5.00%, p < 0.01). In addition, underwater speed was higher for WORLD (2.54 ± 0.05 m/s) compared with UND50 (2.46 ± 0.09 m/s, p < 0.05) and UP50 (2.38 ± 0.11 m/s, p < 0.01). Three parameters among the underwater phases (i.e. distance underwater, speed underwater, and total percentage of non-swimming time) determine the 100-m freestyle short course performance. These data suggest an appropriate focus on specific apnea training to improve underwater skills during short-course swimming performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Pla
- French Swimming Federation, Clichy, France.,Institut de Recherche bioMédicale et d'Epidémiologie du Sport, IRMES, Paris, France
| | - Gauthier Poszalczyk
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie et Poumon, H&P, INSERM, UMR 1272, Bobigny, France.,Département STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
| | - Cyrine Souaissia
- National Health Service (NHS) Grampian, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrice Joulia
- Center for Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research CV2N, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1263, INRAE 1260, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Guimard
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Hypoxie et Poumon, H&P, INSERM, UMR 1272, Bobigny, France.,Département STAPS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
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Ponciano K, Miranda MLDJ, Homma M, Miranda JMQ, Figueira Júnior AJ, Meira Júnior CDM, Bocalini DS. Physiological responses during the practice of synchronized swimming: a systematic review. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2017; 38:163-175. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kátia Ponciano
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Postgraduation in Physical Education of Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza de Jesus Miranda
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Postgraduation in Physical Education of Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Miwako Homma
- University of Tsukuba; Institute of Health and Sport Sciences; Japan
| | - João Marcelo Queiroz Miranda
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Postgraduation in Physical Education of Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo SP Brazil
| | - Aylton J. Figueira Júnior
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Postgraduation in Physical Education of Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - Danilo Sales Bocalini
- Translational Physiology Laboratory; Postgraduation in Physical Education of Sao Judas Tadeu University; Sao Paulo SP Brazil
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