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Gong XQ, Tao YY, Wu YK, Liu N, Yu X, Wang R, Zheng J, Liu N, Huang XH, Li JD, Yang G, Wei XQ, Yang L, Zhang XM. Progress of MRI Radiomics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:698373. [PMID: 34616673 PMCID: PMC8488263 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.698373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Although the diagnostic scheme of HCC is currently undergoing refinement, the prognosis of HCC is still not satisfactory. In addition to certain factors, such as tumor size and number and vascular invasion displayed on traditional imaging, some histopathological features and gene expression parameters are also important for the prognosis of HCC patients. However, most parameters are based on postoperative pathological examinations, which cannot help with preoperative decision-making. As a new field, radiomics extracts high-throughput imaging data from different types of images to build models and predict clinical outcomes noninvasively before surgery, rendering it a powerful aid for making personalized treatment decisions preoperatively. Objective This study reviewed the workflow of radiomics and the research progress on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Methods A literature review was conducted by searching PubMed for search of relevant peer-reviewed articles published from May 2017 to June 2021.The search keywords included HCC, MRI, radiomics, deep learning, artificial intelligence, machine learning, neural network, texture analysis, diagnosis, histopathology, microvascular invasion, surgical resection, radiofrequency, recurrence, relapse, transarterial chemoembolization, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, therapeutic response, and prognosis. Results Radiomics features on MRI can be used as biomarkers to determine the differential diagnosis, histological grade, microvascular invasion status, gene expression status, local and systemic therapeutic responses, and prognosis of HCC patients. Conclusion Radiomics is a promising new imaging method. MRI radiomics has high application value in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qin Gong
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yun-Yun Tao
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yao-Kun Wu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Nian Liu
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Huang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jing-Dong Li
- Department of Hepatocellular Surgery, Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Intestinal Disease, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Hepatocellular Surgery, Institute of Hepato-Biliary-Intestinal Disease, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wei
- School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Tian N, Wu D, Tang M, Sun H, Ji Y, Huang C, Chen L, Chen G, Zeng M. RAF1 Expression is Correlated with HAF, a Parameter of Liver Computed Tomographic Perfusion, and may Predict the Early Therapeutic Response to Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:167-174. [PMID: 32190741 PMCID: PMC7065427 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Monitoring the early treatment effect of sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is a diagnostic challenge. In a previous study, we reported the potential role of liver computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in the assessment of the response to sorafenib therapy in HCC. The present study aims to investigate whether sorafenib-targeted genes is correlated with CTP parameter, and investigate the potential of sorafenib-targeted genes in early prediction of therapeutic response to sorafenib in advanced HCC. Methods A total of 21 HCC patients were enrolled. Sorafenib was administered orally at a dose of 400 mg twice daily continuously. Treatment response was assessed using modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) criteria. CTP scanning was performed before and after two weeks of sorafenib treatment using a 320-detector row CT scanner. The perfusion parameters of portal vein flow (PVF), hepatic artery flow (HAF), and perfusion index (PI) were acquired by CTP. The expression levels of several sorafenib-targeted genes were assayed using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between HAF values and RAF1 expression levels. Results According to mRECIST, the disease control rate (CR+PR+SD) of treatment group was 70.5% after two months of treatment. Compared to background controls, tumor tissues exhibited higher HAF. A sorafenib-targeted gene, RAF1 expression, was increased in tumor tissues especially in the sorafenib-resistant group. The sorafenib-resistant group exhibited a significantly higher RAF1 expression and HAF than the sensitive group. Moreover, the RAF1 expression is positively correlated with the HAF value. Conclusion RAF1 expression might predict therapeutic effects of sorafenib in advanced HCC, where RAF1 could potentially serve as a molecular marker for monitoring early therapeutic effects after sorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninzi Tian
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huichuan Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Zhongshan hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zheng T, Jiang H, Wei Y, Huang Z, Chen J, Duan T, Song B. Imaging evaluation of sorafenib for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Chin J Cancer Res 2018; 30:382-394. [PMID: 30046232 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.03.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, which is a novel targeted agent, plays an important role in treating advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through its antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects. However, conventional morphology-based radiographic evaluation systems may underestimate the efficacy of sorafenib in HCC due to a lack of apparent tumor shrinkage or altered tumor morphology in many cases. This calls for the development of more accurate imaging methods for evaluating sorafenib. The introduction of tumor burden measurements based on viability and other evolving imaging approaches for assessing therapeutic effects are promising for overcoming some of the limitations of the morphology-based criteria. In this review, we summarize various imaging methods that are used to assess treatment responses of advanced HCC to sorafenib. Imaging markers predictive of prognosis in advanced HCC after treatment with sorafenib are also included and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianying Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zixing Huang
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ting Duan
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chamming's F, Le-Frère-Belda MA, Latorre-Ossa H, Fitoussi V, Redheuil A, Assayag F, Pidial L, Gennisson JL, Tanter M, Cuénod CA, Fournier LS. Supersonic Shear Wave Elastography of Response to Anti-cancer Therapy in a Xenograft Tumor Model. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:924-30. [PMID: 26746382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to determine if supersonic shear wave elastography (SSWE) can detect changes in stiffness of a breast cancer model under therapy. A human invasive carcinoma was implanted in 22 mice. Eleven were treated with an anti-angiogenic therapy and 11 with glucose for 24 d. Tumor volume and stiffness were assessed during 2 wk before treatment and 0, 7, 12, 20 and 24 d after the start of therapy using SSWE. Pathology was assessed after 12 and 24 d of treatment. We found that response to therapy was associated with early softening of treated tumors only, resulting in a significant difference from non-treated tumors after 12 d of treatment (p = 0.03). On pathology, large areas of necrosis were observed at 12 d in treated tumors. Although treatment was still effective, treated tumors subsequently stiffened during a second phase of the treatment (days 12-24), with a small amount of necrosis observed on pathology on day 24. In conclusion, SSWE was able to measure changes in the stiffness of tumors in response to anti-cancer treatment. However, stiffness changes associated with good response to treatment may change over time, and increased stiffness may also reflect therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foucauld Chamming's
- Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France; Radiology Department, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
| | - Marie-Aude Le-Frère-Belda
- Pathology Department, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Heldmuth Latorre-Ossa
- Institut Langevin-ondes et images, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielle (ESPCI), Paris, France
| | - Victor Fitoussi
- Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Alban Redheuil
- Radiology Department, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Franck Assayag
- U612 Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Pharmacologie Pre-clinique Antitumorale, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Pidial
- Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Gennisson
- Institut Langevin-ondes et images, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielle (ESPCI), Paris, France
| | - Mickael Tanter
- Institut Langevin-ondes et images, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielle (ESPCI), Paris, France
| | - Charles-André Cuénod
- Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France; Radiology Department, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Laure S Fournier
- Cardiovascular Research Center-PARCC, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France; Radiology Department, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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Marinelli S, Salvatore V, Baron Toaldo M, Milazzo M, Croci L, Venerandi L, Pecorelli A, Palamà C, Diana A, Bolondi L, Piscaglia F. Evaluation of the impact of transient interruption of antiangiogenic treatment using ultrasound-based techniques in a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:403. [PMID: 24902850 PMCID: PMC4057590 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Development of escape pathways from antiangiogenic treatments was reported to be associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness and rebound effect was suggested after treatment stop. Aim of the study was to evaluate tumor response simulating different conditions of administration of antiangiogenic treatment (transient or definitive treatment stop) in a mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods Subcutaneous tumors were created by inoculating 5×106 Huh7 cells into the right flank of 14 nude mice. When tumor size reached 5–10 mm, mice were divided in 3 groups: group 1 was treated with placebo, group 2 was treated with sorafenib (62 mg/kg via gavage) but temporarily suspended from day +5 to +9, whereas in group 3 sorafenib was definitively stopped at day +5. At day +13 all mice were sacrificed, collecting masses for Western-Blot analyses. Volume was calculated with B-mode ultrasonography at day 0, +5, +9, +11 and +13. VEGFR2-targeted contrast-enhanced ultrasound using BR55 (Bracco Imaging) was performed at day +5 and +13 and elastonosography (Esaote) at day +9 and +11 to assess tumor stiffness. Results Median growth percentage delta at day +13 versus day 0 was 197% (115–329) in group 1, 81% (48–144) in group 2 and 111% (27–167) in group 3. Median growth delta at day +13 with respect to day +5 was 79% (48–127), 37% (−14128) and 81% (15–87) in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Quantification of targeted-CEUS at day +13 showed higher values in group 3 (509 Arbitrary Units AI, range 293–652) than group 1 (275 AI, range 191–494) and group 2 (181 AI, range 63–318) (p = 0.033). Western-Blot analysis demonstrated higher VEGFR2 expression in group 3 with respect to group 1 and 2. Conclusions A transient interruption of antiangiogenic treatment does not impede restoration of tumor response, while a definitive interruption tends to stimulate a rebound of angiogenesis to higher level than without treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna and S, Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
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