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Ren L, Zhu D, Benson AB, Nordlinger B, Koehne CH, Delaney CP, Kerr D, Lenz HJ, Fan J, Wang J, Gu J, Li J, Shen L, Tsarkov P, Tejpar S, Zheng S, Zhang S, Gruenberger T, Qin X, Wang X, Zhang Z, Poston GJ, Xu J. Shanghai international consensus on diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of colorectal liver metastases (version 2019). Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:955-966. [PMID: 32147426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is the most common anatomical site for hematogenous metastases from colorectal cancer. Therefore effective treatment of liver metastases is one of the most challenging elements in the management of colorectal cancer. However, there is rare available clinical consensus or guideline only focusing on colorectal liver metastases. After six rounds of discussion by 195 clinical experts of the Shanghai International Consensus Expert Group on Colorectal Liver Metastases (SINCE) from 29 countries or regions, the Shanghai Consensus has been finally completed, based on current research and expert experience. The consensus emphasized the principle of multidisciplinary team, provided detailed diagnosis approaches, and guided precise local and systemic treatments. This Shanghai Consensus might be of great significance to standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal liver metastases all over the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dexiang Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Al B Benson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern Medical Group, Chicago, USA
| | - Bernard Nordlinger
- Surgery Department, Hospital Ambroise-Pare, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | | | - Conor P Delaney
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Kerr
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Gu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Petrv Tsarkov
- Clinic of Colorectal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suzhan Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Xinyu Qin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xishan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center of Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Graeme John Poston
- Surgery Department, Aintree University Hospital, School of Translational Studies, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Colorectal Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Chauhan N, Mulcahy MF, Salem R, Benson Iii AB, Boucher E, Bukovcan J, Cosgrove D, Laframboise C, Lewandowski RJ, Master F, El-Rayes B, Strosberg JR, Sze DY, Sharma RA. TheraSphere Yttrium-90 Glass Microspheres Combined With Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Alone in Second-Line Treatment of Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma of the Liver: Protocol for the EPOCH Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e11545. [PMID: 30664496 PMCID: PMC6354199 DOI: 10.2196/11545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and causes of cancer-related death. Up to approximately 70% of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have metastases to the liver at initial diagnosis. Second-line systemic treatment in mCRC can prolong survival after development of disease progression during or after first-line treatment and in those who are intolerant to first-line treatment. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with TheraSphere yttrium-90 (90Y) glass microspheres combined with second-line therapy in patients with mCRC of the liver who had disease progression during or after first-line chemotherapy. Methods EPOCH is an open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized, phase 3 trial being conducted at up to 100 sites in the United States, Canada, Europe, and Asia. Eligible patients have mCRC of the liver and disease progression after first-line chemotherapy with either an oxaliplatin-based or irinotecan-based regimen and are eligible for second-line chemotherapy with the alternate regimen. Patients were randomized 1:1 to the TARE group (chemotherapy with TARE in place of the second chemotherapy infusion and subsequent resumption of chemotherapy) or the control group (chemotherapy alone). The addition of targeted agents is permitted. The primary end points are progression-free survival and hepatic progression-free survival. The study objective will be considered achieved if at least one primary end point is statistically significant. Secondary end points are overall survival, time to symptomatic progression defined as Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status score of 2 or higher, objective response rate, disease control rate, quality-of-life assessment by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal Cancer questionnaire, and adverse events. The study is an adaptive trial, comprising a group sequential design with 2 interim analyses with a planned maximum of 420 patients. The study is designed to detect a 2.5-month increase in median progression-free survival, from 6 months in the control group to 8.5 months in the TARE group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71), and a 3.5-month increase in median hepatic progression-free survival time, from 6.5 months in the control group to 10 months in the TARE group (HR 0.65). On the basis of simulations, the power to detect the target difference in either progression-free survival or hepatic progression-free survival is >90%, and the power to detect the target difference in each end point alone is >80%. Results Patient enrollment ended in October 2018. The first interim analysis in June 2018 resulted in continuation of the study without any changes. Conclusions The EPOCH study may contribute toward the establishment of the role of combination therapy with TARE and oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based chemotherapy in the second-line treatment of mCRC of the liver. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01483027; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01483027 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/734A6PAYW) International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR1-10.2196/11545
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Chauhan
- Research and Development, BTG International group companies, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary F Mulcahy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Riad Salem
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Section of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Al B Benson Iii
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Northwestern Medical Group, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Eveline Boucher
- Research and Development, BTG International group companies, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Bukovcan
- Research and Development, BTG International group companies, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Cosgrove
- Division of Medical Oncology, Vancouver Cancer Center, Compass Oncology, Vancouver, WA, United States
| | - Chantal Laframboise
- Research and Development, BTG International group companies, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Lewandowski
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Section of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Fayaz Master
- Research and Development, BTG International group companies, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bassel El-Rayes
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Daniel Y Sze
- Interventional Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ricky A Sharma
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
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