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Tan HJ, Spratte BN, Deal AM, Heiling HM, Nazzal EM, Meeks W, Fang R, Teal R, Vu MB, Bennett AV, Blalock SJ, Chung AE, Gotz D, Nielsen ME, Reuland DS, Harris AH, Basch E. Clinical Decision Support for Surgery: A Mixed Methods Study on Design and Implementation Perspectives From Urologists. Urology 2024:S0090-4295(24)00307-8. [PMID: 38697362 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2024.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess urologist attitudes toward clinical decision support (CDS) embedded into the electronic health record (EHR) and define design needs to facilitate implementation and impact. With recent advances in big data and artificial intelligence (AI), enthusiasm for personalized, data-driven tools to improve surgical decision-making has grown, but the impact of current tools remains limited. METHODS A sequential explanatory mixed methods study from 2019 to 2020 was performed. First, survey responses from the 2019 American Urological Association Annual Census evaluated attitudes toward an automatic CDS tool that would display risk/benefit data. This was followed by the purposeful sampling of 25 urologists and qualitative interviews assessing perspectives on CDS impact and design needs. Bivariable, multivariable, and coding-based thematic analysis were applied and integrated. RESULTS Among a weighted sample of 12,366 practicing urologists, the majority agreed CDS would help decision-making (70.9%, 95% CI 68.7%-73.2%), aid patient counseling (78.5%, 95% CI 76.5%-80.5%), save time (58.1%, 95% CI 55.7%-60.5%), and improve patient outcomes (42.9%, 95% CI 40.5%-45.4%). More years in practice was negatively associated with agreement (P <.001). Urologists described how CDS could bolster evidence-based care, personalized medicine, resource utilization, and patient experience. They also identified multiple implementation barriers and provided suggestions on form, functionality, and visual design to improve usefulness and ease of use. CONCLUSION Urologists have favorable attitudes toward the potential for clinical decision support in the EHR. Smart design will be critical to ensure effective implementation and impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jui Tan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.
| | - Brooke N Spratte
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Allison M Deal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Hillary M Heiling
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Elizabeth M Nazzal
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - William Meeks
- American Urological Association Data Management and Statistical Services
| | - Raymond Fang
- American Urological Association Data Management and Statistical Services
| | - Randall Teal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Connected Health Applications and Interventions Core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Maihan B Vu
- Connected Health Applications and Interventions Core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Antonia V Bennett
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Health Policy & Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Susan J Blalock
- Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Arlene E Chung
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - David Gotz
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; School of Information and Library Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew E Nielsen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Health Policy & Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Daniel S Reuland
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Alex Hs Harris
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Ethan Basch
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Health Policy & Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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Tang K, Labagnara K, Babar M, Loloi J, Watts KL, Jariwala S, Abraham N. Electronic Health Record Usage Patterns Across Surgical Subspecialties. Appl Clin Inform 2024; 15:34-44. [PMID: 37852294 PMCID: PMC10781576 DOI: 10.1055/a-2194-1061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to utilize metrics from physician action logs to analyze surgeon clinical, volume, electronic health record (EHR) efficiency, EHR proficiency, and workload outside scheduled time as impacted by physician characteristics such as years of experience, gender, subspecialty, academic title, and administrative title. METHODS We selected 30 metrics from Epic Signal, an analytic tool in Epic that extracts metrics related to clinician documentation. Metrics measuring appointments, messages, and scheduled hours per day were used as a correlate for volume. EHR efficiency, and proficiency were measured by scores built into Epic Signal. Metrics measuring time spent in the EHR outside working hours were used as a correlate for documentation burden. We analyzed these metrics among surgeons at our institution across 4 months and correlated them with physician characteristics. RESULTS Analysis of 133 surgeons showed that, when stratified by gender, female surgeons had significantly higher EHR metrics for time per day, time per appointment, and documentation burden, and significantly lower EHR metrics for efficiency when compared to male surgeons. When stratified by experience, surgeons with 0 to 5 years of experience had significantly lower EHR metrics for volume, time per day, efficiency, and proficiency when compared to surgeons with 6 to 10 and more than 10 years of experience. On multivariate analysis, having over 10 years of experience was an independent predictor of more appointments per day, greater proficiency, and spending less time per completed message. Female gender was an independent predictor of spending more time in notes per appointment and time spent in the EHR outside working hours. CONCLUSION The burden associated with volume, proficiency, efficiency, and workload outside scheduled time related to EHR use varies by gender and years of experience in our cohort of surgeons. Evaluation of physician action logs could help identify those at higher risk of burnout due to burdensome medical documentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Kevin Labagnara
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Mustufa Babar
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Justin Loloi
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Kara L. Watts
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Sunit Jariwala
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy/Immunology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Nitya Abraham
- Department of Urology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
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Ippolito GM, Reines K, Meeks WD, Mbassa R, Ellimoottil C, Faris A, Reuland DS, Nielsen ME, Teal R, Vu M, Clemens JQ, Tan HJ. Perceived vs Actual Shared Decision-Making Behavior Among Urologists: A Convergent, Parallel, Mixed-Methods Study of Self-Reported Practice. Urology 2024; 183:78-84. [PMID: 37996015 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between self-perceived use of shared decision-making among urologists with use of validated prediction tools and self-described surgical decision-making. METHODS This is a convergent mixed methods study of these parallel data from two modules (Shared Decision Making and Validated Prediction tools) within the 2019 American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Census. The shared decision-making (SDM) module queried aspects of SDM that urologists regularly used. The validated prediction tools module queried whether urologists regularly used, trusted, and found prediction tools helpful. Selected respondents to the 2019 AUA Annual Census underwent qualitative interviews on their surgical decision-making. RESULTS In the weight sampled of 12,312 practicing urologists, most (77%) reported routine use of SDM, whereas only 30% noted regular use of validated prediction tools. On multivariable analysis, users of prediction tools were not associated with regular SDM use (31% vs 28%, P = .006) though was associated with use of decision aids f (32% vs 26%, P < .001). Shared decision-making emerged thematically with respect to matching treatment options, prioritizing goals, and navigating challenging decisions. However, the six specific components of shared decision-making ranged in their mentions within qualitative interviews. CONCLUSION Most urologists report performing SDM as supported by its thematic presence in surgical decision-making. However, only a minority use validated prediction tools and urologists infrequently mention specific SDM components. This discrepancy provides an opportunity to explore how urologists perform SDM and can be used to support integrated strategies to implement SDM more effectively in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia M Ippolito
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Ann Arbor VA Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI.
| | - Katy Reines
- Department of Urology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - William D Meeks
- American Urological Association (AUA), Data Management and Statistical Analysis, Linthicum, MD; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Rachel Mbassa
- American Urological Association (AUA), Data Management and Statistical Analysis, Linthicum, MD; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Chad Ellimoottil
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Anna Faris
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Daniel S Reuland
- Division of General Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew E Nielsen
- Department of Urology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Randall Teal
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Connected Health Applications and Interventions (CHAI) Core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Maihan Vu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Connected Health Applications and Interventions (CHAI) Core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - J Quentin Clemens
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Hung-Jui Tan
- Department of Urology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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