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Morigi R, Zalambani C, Farruggia G, Verardi L, Esposito D, Leoni A, Borsetti F, Voltattorni M, Zambonin L, Pincigher L, Calonghi N, Locatelli A. Identification of a new bisindolinone arresting IGROV1 cells proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 271:116365. [PMID: 38640869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
In an initial screening, a series of novel Knoevenagel adducts were submitted to the National Cancer Institute for evaluation of antitumor activity in human cell lines. In particular, compound 5f showed remarkable selectivity against IGROV1, an ovarian cancer cell line, without affecting healthy human fibroblast cells. Analyses of cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, cell migration, epigenetic changes, gene expression, and DNA damage were performed to obtain detailed information about its antitumor properties. Our results show that 5f causes proliferation arrest, decrease in motility, histone hyperacetylation, downregulation of cyclin D1 and α5 subunit of integrin β1 gene transcription. In addition, 5f treatment reduces transcript and protein levels of cyclin D1, which increases sensitivity to ionizing radiation and results in DNA damage comparable to cyclin D1 gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Morigi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Zalambani
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy; INBB-Biostructures and Biosystems National Institute, 00136, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Verardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Esposito
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Leoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Borsetti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Voltattorni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Zambonin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Pincigher
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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2
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Ballesteros-Garrido R. Recent developments in the synthesis of 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-azaindoles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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3
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Chesnokov GA, Ageshina AA, Topchiy MA, Nechaev MS, Asachenko AF. Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Indoles. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gleb A. Chesnokov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
| | - Alexandra A. Ageshina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
| | - Maxim A. Topchiy
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Nechaev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
| | - Andrey F. Asachenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
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4
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Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of substituted 3-(5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolylmethylene)-2-indolinones as new potent anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:514-530. [PMID: 30784885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A small library of 3-(5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolylmethylene)-2-indolinones has been synthesized and screened according to protocols available at the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Some derivatives were potent antiproliferative agents, showing GI50 values in the nanomolar range. Remarkably, when most active compounds against leukemia cells were tested in human peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy donors, were 100-200 times less cytotoxic. Some compounds, selected by the Biological Evaluation Committee of NCI, were examined to determine tubulin assembly inhibition. Furthermore, flow cytometric studies performed on HeLa, HT-29, and A549 cells, showed that compounds 14 and 25 caused a block in the G2/M phase. Interestingly, these derivatives induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial death pathway, causing in parallel significant activation of both caspase-3 and -9, PARP cleavage and down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Finally, compound 25 was also tested in vivo in the murine BL6-B16 melanoma and E0771 breast cancer cells, causing in both cases a significant reduction in tumor volume.
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Cao B, Wei Y, Shi M. Mitsunobu-initiated cascade cyclization of p-quinamines and 2-furanylmethanols: highly regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of functionalized hydrobenzo[c,d]indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3737-3740. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00585d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Mitsunobu-initiated intermolecular cascade cyclization of p-quinamines and 2-furanylmethanol has been developed, giving hydrobenzo[c,d]indole derivatives in moderate to good yields with high regio- and diastereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
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6
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Yu CB, Wang J, Zhou YG. Facile synthesis of chiral indolines through asymmetric hydrogenation of in situ generated indoles. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of chiral indolines has been developed through intramolecular condensation, deprotection and palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation in a one-pot process with up to 96% ee. A strong Brønsted acid played an important role in both the formation of indoles and asymmetric hydrogenation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- P. R. China
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7
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Trabbic CJ, George SM, Alexander EM, Du S, Offenbacher JM, Crissman EJ, Overmeyer JH, Maltese WA, Erhardt PW. Synthesis and biological evaluation of isomeric methoxy substitutions on anti-cancer indolyl-pyridinyl-propenones: Effects on potency and mode of activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:79-91. [PMID: 27343855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Certain indolyl-pyridinyl-propenone analogues kill glioblastoma cells that have become resistant to conventional therapeutic drugs. Some of these analogues induce a novel form of non-apoptotic cell death called methuosis, while others primarily cause microtubule disruption. Ready access to 5-indole substitution has allowed characterization of this position to be important for both types of mechanisms when a simple methoxy group is present. We now report the syntheses and biological effects of isomeric methoxy substitutions on the indole ring. Additionally, analogues containing a trimethoxyphenyl group in place of the pyridinyl moiety were evaluated for anticancer activity. The results demonstrate that the location of the methoxy group can alter both the potency and the mechanism of cell death. Remarkably, changing the methoxy from the 5-position to the 6-position switched the biological activity from induction of methuosis to disruption of microtubules. The latter may represent a prototype for a new class of mitotic inhibitors with potential therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Trabbic
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 W. Bancroft Ave., Toledo, OH 4360, USA
| | - Sage M George
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Evan M Alexander
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 W. Bancroft Ave., Toledo, OH 4360, USA
| | - Shengnan Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Jennifer M Offenbacher
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 W. Bancroft Ave., Toledo, OH 4360, USA
| | - Emily J Crissman
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 W. Bancroft Ave., Toledo, OH 4360, USA
| | - Jean H Overmeyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - William A Maltese
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| | - Paul W Erhardt
- Center for Drug Design and Development, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 W. Bancroft Ave., Toledo, OH 4360, USA.
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8
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Zhou Z, Liu G, Chen Y, Lu X. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral CH Annulation of Arylnitrones and Alkynes for the Synthesis of Indole Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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10
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Monakhova N, Ryabova S, Makarov V. Synthesis and Some Biological Properties of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Monakhova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry; Russian Academy of Science; 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Svetlana Ryabova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry; Russian Academy of Science; 119071 Moscow Russia
| | - Vadim Makarov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry; Russian Academy of Science; 119071 Moscow Russia
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11
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Lood CS, Laine AE, Högnäsbacka A, Nieger M, Koskinen AMP. Synthesis of Chiral (Indol-2-yl)methanamines and Insight into the Stereochemistry Protecting Effects of the 9-Phenyl-9-fluorenyl Protecting Group. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Trabbic CJ, Overmeyer JH, Alexander EM, Crissman EJ, Kvale HM, Smith MA, Erhardt PW, Maltese WA. Synthesis and biological evaluation of indolyl-pyridinyl-propenones having either methuosis or microtubule disruption activity. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2489-512. [PMID: 25654321 PMCID: PMC4360382 DOI: 10.1021/jm501997q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Methuosis is a form of nonapoptotic cell death characterized by an accumulation of macropinosome-derived vacuoles with eventual loss of membrane integrity. Small molecules inducing methuosis could offer significant advantages compared to more traditional anticancer drug therapies that typically rely on apoptosis. Herein we further define the effects of chemical substitutions at the 2- and 5-indolyl positions on our lead compound 3-(5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propene-1-one (MOMIPP). We have identified a number of compounds that induce methuosis at similar potencies, including an interesting analogue having a hydroxypropyl substituent at the 2-position. In addition, we have discovered that certain substitutions on the 2-indolyl position redirect the mode of cytotoxicity from methuosis to microtubule disruption. This switch in activity is associated with an increase in potency as large as 2 orders of magnitude. These compounds appear to represent a new class of potent microtubule-active anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Trabbic
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences , 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
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13
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Lood CS, Koskinen AMP. Synthesis of (S)- and (R)-Harmicine from Proline: An Approach Toward Tetrahydro-β-carbolines. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Trabbic CJ, Dietsch HM, Alexander EM, Nagy PI, Robinson MW, Overmeyer JH, Maltese WA, Erhardt PW. Differential Induction of Cytoplasmic Vacuolization and Methuosis by Novel 2-Indolyl-Substituted Pyridinylpropenones. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:73-77. [PMID: 24527179 PMCID: PMC3918887 DOI: 10.1021/ml4003925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Because many cancers harbor mutations that confer resistance to apoptosis, there is a need for therapeutic agents that can trigger alternative forms of cell death. Methuosis is a novel form of non-apoptotic cell death characterized by accumulation of vacuoles derived from macropinosomes and endosomes. Previous studies identified an indole-based chalcone, 3-(5-methoxy-2-methylindol-3-yl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one (MOMIPP), that induces methuosis in human cancer cells. Herein, we describe the synthesis of related 2-indolyl substituted pyridinylpropenones and their effects on U251 glioblastoma cells. Increasing the size of the 2-indolyl substituent substantially reduces growth inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity, but does not prevent cell vacuolization. Computational models suggest that the results are not due to steric-driven conformational effects. The unexpected uncoupling of vacuolization and cell death implies that the relationship between endosomal perturbations and methuotic cell death is more complex than previously realized. The new series of compounds will be useful in further defining the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying methuosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Trabbic
- Center for Drug Design and Development,
Department of Medicinal & Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 West Bancroft Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Heather M. Dietsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Evan M. Alexander
- Center for Drug Design and Development,
Department of Medicinal & Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 West Bancroft Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Peter I. Nagy
- Center for Drug Design and Development,
Department of Medicinal & Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 West Bancroft Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Michael W. Robinson
- Center for Drug Design and Development,
Department of Medicinal & Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 West Bancroft Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Jean H. Overmeyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - William A. Maltese
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Paul W. Erhardt
- Center for Drug Design and Development,
Department of Medicinal & Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2801 West Bancroft Avenue, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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15
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Jadhav J, Khanapaure S, Kurane R, Salunkhe R, Rashinkar G. Facile access to 3-cyano-4-azaindoles via a modified Madelung indole synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Schrader TO, Johnson BR, Lopez L, Kasem M, Gharbaoui T, Sengupta D, Buzard D, Basmadjian C, Jones RM. Complementary Asymmetric Routes to (R)-2-(7-Hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]indol-1-yl)acetate. Org Lett 2012; 14:6306-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol303070k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas O. Schrader
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Johnson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Luis Lopez
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michelle Kasem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Tawfik Gharbaoui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Dipanjan Sengupta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel Buzard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Christine Basmadjian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert M. Jones
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6154 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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17
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Schmid M, Waldner B, Schnürch M, Mihovilovic MD, Stanetty P. Studying competitive lithiations at alpha-, ortho-, and benzylic positions in various N-protected aniline derivatives. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Andreani A, Burnelli S, Granaiola M, Leoni A, Locatelli A, Morigi R, Rambaldi M, Varoli L, Landi L, Prata C, Sega FVD, Caliceti C, Shoemaker RH. Antitumor activity and COMPARE analysis of bis-indole derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:3004-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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McDermott TS, Bhagavatula L, Borchardt TB, Engstrom KM, Gandarilla J, Kotecki BJ, Kruger AW, Rozema MJ, Sheikh AY, Wagaw SH, Wittenberger SJ. Development of a Scalable Synthesis of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor ABT-279. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op900197r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Todd S. McDermott
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Lakshmi Bhagavatula
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Thomas B. Borchardt
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Kenneth M. Engstrom
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Jorge Gandarilla
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Brian J. Kotecki
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Albert W. Kruger
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Michael J. Rozema
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Ahmad Y. Sheikh
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Seble H. Wagaw
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
| | - Steven J. Wittenberger
- Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Formulation Sciences - Solids, 200 Abbott Park Road, D-R4P7, Building AP31, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Process R&D, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R450, Building R8, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, and Abbott Laboratories, Global Pharmaceuticals R&D, Solid State Chemistry, 1401 Sheridan Road, D-R452, Building R13, North Chicago, Illinois 60064
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Palladium-catalysed tandem alkenyl- and aryl-C–N bond formation: a cascade N-annulation route to 1-functionalised 7-azaindoles. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Hogan AML, Tricotet T, Meek A, Khokhar SS, O’Shea DF. Applications of Enantioselective Carbolithiation of Ortho-Substituted β-Methylstyrenes. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6041-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800941h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie L. Hogan
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thomas Tricotet
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alastair Meek
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Shaista S. Khokhar
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Donal F. O’Shea
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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22
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Parcerisa J, Romero M, Pujol MD. Synthesis of 2-substituted-7-azaindoles from 2-amino-3-picolin. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Main CA, Petersson HM, Rahman SS, Hartley RC. High throughput synthesis of diverse 2,5-disubstituted indoles using titanium carbenoids bearing boronate functionality. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.08.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Song JJ, Reeves JT, Gallou F, Tan Z, Yee NK, Senanayake CH. Organometallic methods for the synthesis and functionalization of azaindoles. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 36:1120-32. [PMID: 17576479 DOI: 10.1039/b607868k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azaindoles (also called pyrrolopyridines) constitute essential subunits in many pharmaceutically important compounds. The synthesis of azaindoles has been a great synthetic challenge for chemists. Many classical methods for indole synthesis (such as Fischer and Madelung cyclizations) often cannot be effectively applied to the synthesis of the corresponding azaindoles. In recent years, advances in organometallic chemistry have enabled a number of novel and efficient methodologies for azaindole formation as well as for the further functionalization of azaindole templates. In this tutorial review, we have surveyed the recent development of organometallic chemistry-based methods for azaindole synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua J Song
- Department of Chemical Development, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Old Ridgebury Road/P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, CT 06877-0368, USA.
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26
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Mattsson C, Sonesson C, Sandahl A, Greiner HE, Gassen M, Plaschke J, Leibrock J, Böttcher H. 2-Alkyl-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-indoles as novel 5-HT6 receptor agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:4230-4. [PMID: 16055331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2005] [Revised: 06/17/2005] [Accepted: 06/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-alkyl-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-indoles were synthesized and evaluated for their 5-HT6 activity. The most potent agonist in this series was 5-chloro-2-methyl-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole with an IC50=7.4 nM in 3H-LSD binding and an EC50=1.0 nM in a functional assay measuring production of cyclic AMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Mattsson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Carlsson Research AB, Biotech Center, Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20, SE-413 46 Goteborg, Sweden.
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27
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Peters R, Waldmeier P, Joncour A. Efficient Synthesis of a 5-HT2C Receptor Agonist Precursor. Org Process Res Dev 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/op050065s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- René Peters
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Pharmaceuticals Division, Non-Clinical Development, Synthesis & Process Research, Grenzacherstr. 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pius Waldmeier
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Pharmaceuticals Division, Non-Clinical Development, Synthesis & Process Research, Grenzacherstr. 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Agnès Joncour
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Pharmaceuticals Division, Non-Clinical Development, Synthesis & Process Research, Grenzacherstr. 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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28
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Coleman CM, O'Shea DF. New organolithium addition methodology to diversely functionalized indoles. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:4054-5. [PMID: 12670219 DOI: 10.1021/ja034283h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthetic approach to diversely functionalized indoles is described. Boc-protected ortho-aminostyrenes undergo an alkyllithium addition reaction, thereby generating a lithiated intermediate, which upon reaction with specific electrophiles sets up a cascade reaction process between the reacted electrophile and ortho-amino substituent, facilitating an in situ ring closure, followed by dehydration, to generate an indole ring system. This methodology is demonstrated by the synthesis of a range of 3,5-, 1,3,5-, and 2,3,5-substituted indoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Coleman
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Conway Institute, Department of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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29
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Regioselective Synthesis of Organolithiums by Deprotonation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1460-1567(02)80033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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30
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Zakrzewska A, Kolehmainen E, Osmialowski B, Gawinecki R. 4-Fluoroanilines: synthesis and decomposition. J Fluor Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1139(01)00401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Chen BC, Hynes, Jr., J, R. Pandit C, Zhao R, P. Skoumbourdis A, Wu H, E. Sundeen J, Leftheris K. A General Large Scale Synthesis of 2-Alkyl-7-methoxyindoles. HETEROCYCLES 2001. [DOI: 10.3987/com-01-9162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abstract
[formula: see text] A simple synthesis of heterocyclic thiosulfonates containing indole, indoline, benzoimidazole, and quinoxaline rings is described. The synthesis of these thiosulfonates involves the preparation of the appropriately substituted thiols followed by sulfonylation to give thiosulfonates. The corresponding thiols were prepared in a simple and efficient manner by using a thiocyanation reaction either prior to heterocycle ring formation or after heterocycle ring formation. These thiosulfonates were coupled successfully to the 5,6-dihydropyran-2-one ring to give products that showed excellent HIV protease activity.
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Pippel DJ, Curtis MD, Du H, Beak P. Complex-Induced Proximity Effects: Stereoselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation in Chiral Auxiliary Mediated beta-Lithiation-Substitution Sequences of beta-Substituted Secondary Carboxamides. J Org Chem 1998; 63:2-3. [PMID: 11674033 DOI: 10.1021/jo972042k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Pippel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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35
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Ho DE, Betancort JM, Woodmansee DH, Larter ML, Walsh PJ. Synthesis of new chiral tetradentate sulfonamide based ligands. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)00796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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36
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37
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Wright SW, McClure LD, Hageman DL. A convenient modification of the Gassman oxindole synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(96)00920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Conley RA, Barton DL, Stefanick SM, Lam MM, Lindabery GC, Kasulanis CF, Cesco-Cancian S, Currey S, Fabian AC, Levine SD. Synthesis of the cardiotonic bemarinone, 5,6-dimethoxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinazolinone, utilizing a directed metalation approach. J Heterocycl Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570320312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Hewawasam P, Meanwell NA. A general method for the synthesis of isatins: Preparation of regiospecifically functionalized isatins from anilines. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(94)85299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Gribble GW. Recent developments in indole ring synthesis—methodology and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1039/co9940100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Complex bases promoted arynic cyclisations of halogenated imines or enamines: A regiochemical synthesis of indole derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Birkett MA, Knight DW, Mitchell MB. A route to ortho-substituted benzyne precursors by deprotonation of 7-methyl-1-aminobenzotriazole derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)91835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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46
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Clark RD, Jahangir. Effects of remote N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) groups on heteroatom directed lithiation at benzylic positions. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)90188-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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47
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Couture A, Deniau E, Gimbert Y, Grandclaudon P. An expeditious synthesis of 3-alkyl-, aryl- and heteroaryl-indoles by way of an intramolecular Horner–Wittig reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1039/p19930002463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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