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Zheng L, Fang S, Hui J, Rajamanickam V, Chen M, Weng Q, Wu X, Zhao Z, Ji J. Triptonide Modulates MAPK Signaling Pathways and Exerts Anticancer Effects via ER Stress-Mediated Apoptosis Induction in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5919-5929. [PMID: 32765093 PMCID: PMC7373419 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy arise from bone and is one of the causes of cancer-related deaths. Triptonide (TN), a diterpenoid epoxide presented in Tripterygium wilfordii, is shown to possess a broad spectrum of biological properties. Methods In this study, we investigate the growth inhibitory effect of TN against human OS cells and its underlying molecular mechanism of action. Results Findings of our in vitro study revealed that TN exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect in MG63 and U-2OS cells. ROS-mediated cytotoxic effect was achieved in OS cells treated with TN which was reversed upon NAC treatment. Significantly, increased expression of PERK, p-EIF2, GRP78, ATF4 and CHOP in TN-treated OS cells unfolds the molecular mechanism of TN targets ER stress-mediated apoptosis. Modulation of ERK MAPK pathway was also observed as evidenced by the increased phosphorylation of ERK (p-ERK) and p-p38 in TN-treated OS cells. Conclusion Altogether, the outcome of the study for the first time revealed that TN exhibited its potential chemotherapeutic effects through ROS-mediated ER stress-induced apoptosis via p38 and ERK MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Zheng
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junguo Hui
- Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Vinothkumar Rajamanickam
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xulu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, People's Republic of China
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Naturally occurring of α,β-diepoxy-containing compounds: origin, structures, and biological activities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3249-3264. [PMID: 30852659 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09711-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diepoxy-containing compounds are widely distributed in nature. These metabolites are found in plants and marine organisms and are also produced by many microorganisms, fungi, or fungal endophytes. Many of these metabolites are antibiotics and exhibit a wide variety of biological activities. More than 80 α,β-diepoxy-containing compounds are presented in this article, which belong to different classes of chemical compounds including lipids, terpenoids, alkaloids, quinones, hydroquinones, and pyrones. The main activities that characterize α,β-diepoxy-containing compounds are antineoplastic with confidence up to 99%, antifungal with confidence up to 94%, antiinflammatory with confidence up to 92%, or antibacterial with confidence up to 78%. In addition, these metabolites can be used as a lipid metabolism regulator with a certainty of up to 81%, antiviral (Arbovirus) activity with a certainty of up to 71%, or antiallergic activity with confidence up to 69%. These data on the biological activity of diepoxy-containing compounds are of considerable interest to pharmacologists, chemists, and medical professionals who are involved in phytomedicine and related areas of science and industry.
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Titov DV, Gilman B, He QL, Bhat S, Low WK, Dang Y, Smeaton M, Demain AL, Miller PS, Kugel JF, Goodrich JA, Liu JO. XPB, a subunit of TFIIH, is a target of the natural product triptolide. Nat Chem Biol 2011; 7:182-8. [PMID: 21278739 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (1) is a structurally unique diterpene triepoxide isolated from a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, contraceptive and antitumor activities. Its molecular mechanism of action, however, has remained largely elusive to date. We report that triptolide covalently binds to human XPB (also known as ERCC3), a subunit of the transcription factor TFIIH, and inhibits its DNA-dependent ATPase activity, which leads to the inhibition of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription and likely nucleotide excision repair. The identification of XPB as the target of triptolide accounts for the majority of the known biological activities of triptolide. These findings also suggest that triptolide can serve as a new molecular probe for studying transcription and, potentially, as a new type of anticancer agent through inhibition of the ATPase activity of XPB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V Titov
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Chen G, Yang M, Song Y, Lu Z, Zhang J, Huang H, Guan S, Wu L, Guo DA. Comparative analysis on microbial and rat metabolism of ginsenoside Rb1 by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2008; 22:779-85. [PMID: 18384066 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb1 is an active protopanaxadiol saponin from Panax species. In order to compare the similarities and differences of microbial and mammalian metabolisms of ginsenoside Rb1, the microbial transformation by Acremonium strictum and metabolism in rats were comparatively studied. Microbial transformation of ginsenoside Rb1 by Acremonium strictum AS 3.2058 resulted in the formation of eight metabolites. Ten metabolites (M1-M10) were detected from the in vivo study in rats and eight of them were identified as the same compounds as those obtained from microbial metabolism by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis and comparison with reference standards obtained from microbial metabolism. Their structures were identified as ginsenoside Rd, gypenoside XVII, 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3, 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3, ginsenoside F2, compound K, 12beta-hydroxydammar-3-one-20(S)-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside, and 25-hydroxyl-(E)-20(22)-ene-ginsenoside Rg3, respectively. The structures of the additional two metabolites were tentatively characterized as 20(22),24-diene-ginsenoside Rg3 and 25-hydroxyginsenoside Rd by HPLC-MS/MS analysis. M7-M10 are the first four reported metabolites in vivo. The time course of rat metabolism of ginsenoside Rb1 was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtong Chen
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 199 Guo Shoujing Road, Zhangjiang, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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