1
|
Falode JA, Akinmoladun AC, Olaleye MT, Akindahunsi AA. Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth leaf extract inhibits rat brain and liver mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore opening. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1614-1624. [PMID: 33280443 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1850757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Kigelia africana on mitochondrial membrane permeability transition has not been explored. In this study, the effect of a solvent fraction of Kigelia africana leaf extract on mitochondrial membrane permeability transition of rat brain and liver was evaluated. A methanol extract of K. africana leaves was fractionated into different solvents by vacuum liquid chromatography and following preliminary screening, the dichloromethane:ethylacetate (1:1) fraction was selected for further assays. Constituent phytochemicals in the fraction were revealed by thin-layer chromatography and further purification was carried out to characterize the compounds. Brain and liver mitochondria were isolated and used for mitochondrial membrane permeability transition and adenosine triphosphatase assays. Exogenous Ca2+ and Al3+ were used to trigger the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition opening. Physicochemical properties revealed by thin-layer chromatography showed that the isolated compounds were flavonoids. The extract inhibited mitochondrial membrane permeability transition opening in the presence and absence of triggering agents in brain and liver mitochondria. It also inhibited mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and adenosine triphosphatase activity. These results suggest that the extract can limit the rate of apoptosis via inhibition of mitochondrial membrane permeability transition which is pivotal to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and is an important therapeutic target in some pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Adeolu Falode
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria.,Phytomedicine, Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Mary Tolulope Olaleye
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Afolabi Akintunde Akindahunsi
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nabatanzi A, M. Nkadimeng S, Lall N, Kabasa JD, J. McGaw L. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activity of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. (Bignoniaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9060753. [PMID: 32549404 PMCID: PMC7356732 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Kigelia africana has been used in the management of human ailments since time immemorial. Ethnobotanists have documented the traditional uses of K. africana, which include treatment of skin disorders, cancer and gynecological complaints, among others. This has interested scientists, who have examined K. africana plant parts for their bioactivity. This review provides an insightful understanding on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of K. africana. Web search engines Google and Google Scholar, as well as the databases of PubMed, Scopus, JSTOR, HINARI, SID, AJOL and Springer Link, were exhaustively searched using key words and phrases. Institutional reports and conference papers were also consulted. A total of 125 relevant international literature sources meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Kigelia africana has biologically active phytochemicals, many of which have been isolated. Whilst the fruits are most often cited in pharmacological studies, other plant parts are also used in herbal preparations. Commercially available products have been formulated from K. africana, though many have not been fully standardized. Despite many efforts by researchers to scientifically validate traditional uses of K. africana, many remain merely claims, thus the need to conduct more research, scientifically validate other traditional uses, isolate new bioactive phytochemicals and standardize K. africana products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Nabatanzi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala 00256, Uganda
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa; (S.M.N.); (L.J.M.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala 00256, Uganda;
- Future Africa, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +256-782-036497
| | - Sanah M. Nkadimeng
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa; (S.M.N.); (L.J.M.)
| | - Namrita Lall
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield 0028, South Africa;
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - John D. Kabasa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala 00256, Uganda;
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa; (S.M.N.); (L.J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sausage tree ( Kigelia africana ) flavonoid extract is neuroprotective in AlCl 3 -induced experimental Alzheimer’s disease. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2017; 24:251-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
4
|
Bello I, Shehu MW, Musa M, Zaini Asmawi M, Mahmud R. Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. (Sausage tree): Phytochemistry and pharmacological review of a quintessential African traditional medicinal plant. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 189:253-276. [PMID: 27220655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kigelia africana is a quintessential African herbal medicinal plant with a pan-African distribution and immense indigenous medicinal and non-medicinal applications. The plant is use traditionally as a remedy for numerous disease such as use wounds healing, rheumatism, psoriasis, diarrhea and stomach ailments. It is also use as an aphrodisiac and for skin care. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review aims to compile an up-to-date review of the progress made in the continuous pharmacological and phytochemistry investigation of K. africana and the corresponding commercial and pharmaceutical application of these findings with the ultimate objective of providing a guide for future research on this plant. METHOD The scholarly information needed for this paper were predominantly sourced from the electronic search engines such as Google, Google scholar; publishing sites such as Elsevier, scienceDirect, BMC, PubMed; other scientific database sites for chemicals such as ChemSpider, PubChem, and also from online books. RESULTS Pharmacological investigations conducted confirm the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant and anticancer activity of the extract of different parts of the plant. Bioactive constituents are found to be present in all parts of the plant. So far, approximately 150 compounds have been characterized from different part of the plant. Iridoids, naphthoquinones, flavonoids, terpenes and phenylethanoglycosides are the major class of compounds isolated. Novel compounds with potent antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effect such as verbascoside, verminoside and pinnatal among others, have been identified. Commercial trade of K. africana has boosted in the las few decades. Its effect in the maintenance of skin has been recognized resulting in a handful of skin formulations in the market. CONCLUSIONS The pharmaceutical potentials of K. africana has been recognized and have witness a surge in research interest. However, till date, many of its traditional medicinal uses has not been investigated scientifically. Further probing of the existential researches on its pharmacological activity is recommended with the end-goal of unravelling the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical relevance and possible toxicity and side effects of both the extract and the active ingredients isolated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idris Bello
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Mustapha W Shehu
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Islamic University, Uganda
| | | | - Mohd Zaini Asmawi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Roziahanim Mahmud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Atolani O, Olatunji GA, Fabiyi OA, Adeniji AJ, Ogbole OO. Phytochemicals from Kigelia pinnata Leaves Show Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential on Human Cancer Cell Line. J Med Food 2013; 16:878-85. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olubunmi Atolani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Redeemer's University, Mowe, Nigeria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Adekunle J. Adeniji
- Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Omonike O. Ogbole
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Khan MF, Dixit P, Jaiswal N, Tamrakar AK, Srivastava AK, Maurya R. Chemical constituents of Kigelia pinnata twigs and their GLUT4 translocation modulatory effect in skeletal muscle cells. Fitoterapia 2011; 83:125-9. [PMID: 22037422 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of twigs of Kigelia pinnata DC. afforded one new iridoid 7-hydroxy eucommiol (1), and nine known compounds (2-10). The structure of compounds was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR experiments and MS analysis. All these compounds were evaluated for GLUT4 translocation modulatory effect in skeletal muscle cells. Four of the tested compounds 1, 5, 6 and 7 showed significant stimulation of GLUT4 translocation to cell surface in skeletal muscle cells without any adverse effect on cell viability. Effect of these four compounds was concentration-dependent and comparable to standard drug rosiglitazone. These findings indicate that constituents of K. pinnata may provide leads for the therapeutics for insulin resistance and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faheem Khan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Siriwatanametanon N, Fiebich BL, Efferth T, Prieto JM, Heinrich M. Traditionally used Thai medicinal plants: in vitro anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:196-207. [PMID: 20435130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY In order to assess traditional Thai claims about the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and to select plants for future phytochemical research, nine plant species with anti-inflammatory uses were selected from Thai textbooks and assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. METHODS Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) inhibitory effects in stably transfected HeLa cells were determined by luciferase assay, and effects on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha in primary monocytes were assessed by ELISA. Cytotoxic activities were examined against HeLa cells, human leukaemia CCRF-CEM cells and the multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 subline using the MTT and XTT tests. However, a redox status has been linked with both inflammation and cancer, antioxidant effects were also assessed using the DPPH, lipid-peroxidation, and Folin-Ciocalteau methods. RESULTS Among all the nine species, Gynura pseudochina var. hispida and Oroxylum indicum showed the most promising NF-kappaB inhibitory effects with the lowest IC(50) values (41.96 and 47.45 microg/ml, respectively). Muehlenbeckia platyclada did not inhibit the NF-kappaB activation but effectively inhibited the release of IL-6, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha with IC(50) values ranging between 0.28 and 8.67 microg/ml. Pouzolzia indica was the most cytotoxic against CCRF-CEM cells and the multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells (9.75% and 10.48% viability, at 10 microg/ml, respectively). Rhinacanthus nasutus was the most potent cytotoxicity against HeLa cells (IC(50) 3.63 microg/ml) and showed specific cytotoxicity against the multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 cells (18.72% viability at 10 microg/ml, p<0.0001 when compared to its cytotoxicity against CCRF-CEM cells). Moreover, Oroxylum indicum showed a high level of antioxidant activity by inhibiting lipid-peroxidation (IC(50) 0.08 microg/ml). CONCLUSIONS This study provides in vitro evidence for the use of the Thai plants, most importantly Gynura pseudochina var. hispida, Oroxylum indicum and Muehlenbeckia platyclada as Thai anti-inflammatory remedies and these plants are now a priority for further phytochemical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nisarat Siriwatanametanon
- Centre for Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
William Carey M, Rao NV, Kumar BR, Mohan GK. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnata DC flower. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:179-182. [PMID: 20430093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Revised: 03/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kigelia pinnata DC is extensively used in Indian traditional medicine for several diseases including inflammatory and painful disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnata flower (MKFL) to support the medicinal uses claimed by folklore practitioners. MATERIALS AND METHODS MKFL is evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats and analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and formalin-induced paw licking models in mice. RESULTS MKFL exhibited a significant (P<0.01) anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities with the doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg b.w. in rats and mice respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results of the experimental study thus strongly support the traditional use of this plant for inflammatory and pain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M William Carey
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India. carey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Santoro A, Bianco G, Picerno P, Aquino RP, Autore G, Marzocco S, Gazzerro P, Lioi MB, Bifulco M. Verminoside- and verbascoside-induced genotoxicity on human lymphocytes: Involvement of PARP-1 and p53 proteins. Toxicol Lett 2008; 178:71-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2007] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
10
|
Rocha FD, Soares AR, Houghton PJ, Pereira RC, Kaplan MAC, Teixeira VL. Potential cytotoxic activity of some Brazilian seaweeds on human melanoma cells. Phytother Res 2007; 21:170-5. [PMID: 17133653 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In vitro screening of the crude extracts of some Brazilian coastal seaweeds for cytotoxic activity against a cultured human melanoma cancer cell line using the sulphorhodamine B assay was performed. The crude dichloromethane:chloroform extract of Stypopodium zonale showed good cytotoxic activity against the C32 cell line. The crude acetone extract and aqueous phase of Lobophora variegata did not show any activity, but semi-purified fractions XAD LOB I and II could inhibit the growth of melanoma cells. The crude acetone extract of Caulerpa racemosa showed some cytotoxicity, but caulerpin isolated from this extract did not show any such activity. The crude acetone extract of Spatoglossum schroederi was not able to inhibit the growth of C32 melanoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabíola Dutra Rocha
- Programa de Pós-graduação de Produtos Naturais, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gouda YG, Abdel-Baky AM, Mohamed KM, Darwish FM, Kasai R, Yamasaki K. Phenylpropanoid and phenylethanoid derivatives from Kigelia pinnata DC. fruits. Nat Prod Res 2006; 20:935-9. [PMID: 16854722 DOI: 10.1080/14786410500462702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Further phytochemical investigation of the fruits of Kigelia pinnata DC. has yielded a new phenylpropanoid derivative identified as 6-p-coumaroyl-sucrose (1) together with ten known phenylpropanoid and phenylethanoid derivatives (2-11) and a flavonoid glycoside (12). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using various techniques of NMR and MS spectral analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaser G Gouda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sandberg F, Perera-Ivarsson P, El-Seedi HR. A Swedish collection of medicinal plants from Cameroon. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 102:336-43. [PMID: 16098698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2003] [Revised: 06/01/2005] [Accepted: 06/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A collection of 32 botanically identified medicinal plants from the slopes of Mt. Cameroon made by two Swedish settlers in the beginning of the last century is described and the literature is followed up. The drug names were found to be unaltered during the century passed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Finn Sandberg
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Picerno P, Autore G, Marzocco S, Meloni M, Sanogo R, Aquino RP. Anti-inflammatory activity of verminoside from Kigelia africana and evaluation of cutaneous irritation in cell cultures and reconstituted human epidermis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2005; 68:1610-4. [PMID: 16309308 DOI: 10.1021/np058046z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Kigelia africana is a plant used in Africa for anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-skin-aging effects. Various papers have reported on the composition and biological activities of its CH2Cl2 extracts and dermal formulations. Chemical analysis of a polar extract of fruit from K. africana indicated the presence of verminoside (1), an iridoid, as a major constituent, and of a series of polyphenols such as verbascoside (2). In vitro assays showed that 1 had significant anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting both iNOS expression and NO release in the LPS-induced J774.A1 macrophage cell line. Cytotoxicity and cutaneous irritation of the extract and of compounds 1 and 2 were investigated. The crude extract and 1 did not affect cell viability in vitro either in cells grown in monolayers (ML) or in the reconstituted human epidermis (RHE, 3D) model; neither caused release of pro-inflammatory mediators or histomorphological modification of RHE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Picerno
- School of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gouda YG, Abdel-baky AM, Darwish FM, Mohamed KM, Kasai R, Yamasaki K. Iridoids from Kigelia pinnata DC. fruits. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2003; 63:887-892. [PMID: 12895535 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
From the fruits of Kigelia pinnata DC., a new furanone derivative formulated as 3-(2'-hydroxyethyl)-5-(2"-hydroxypropyl)-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1), and four new iridoids named; 7-hydroxy viteoid II (2), 7-hydroxy eucommic acid (3), 7-hydroxy-10-deoxyeucommiol (4) and 10-deoxyeucommiol (5) have been isolated together with seven known iridoids, jiofuran (6), jioglutolide (7), 1-dehydroxy-3,4-dihydroaucubigenin (8), des-p-hydroxybenzoyl kisasagenol B (9), ajugol (10), verminoside (11) and 6-trans-caffeoyl ajugol (12). The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by different spectroscopic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaser G Gouda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ferreira MAD, Nunes ODRH, Leal LKAM, Pessoa ODL, Lemos TLGD, Viana GSDB. Antioxidant effects in the quinone fraction from Auxemma oncocalyx TAUB. Biol Pharm Bull 2003; 26:595-9. [PMID: 12736496 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies in vitro we showed that the quinone fraction (QF) from the heartwood of Auxemma oncocalyx TAUB. presented antiplatelet and antioxidant activities. In the present work, the QF antioxidant property was evaluated in models of CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, and prolongation of pentobarbital-induced sleeping time in mice. Our results showed that levels of plasma glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase (GPT), as well as glutamate-oxalate-transaminase (GOT), were increased by the administration of CCl(4). On the other hand, only GPT levels were reduced by the QF treatment. Pentobarbital sleeping time was prolonged by the administration of CCl(4) and reduced by the QF treatment. Moreover, QF did not alter the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. In conclusion, we showed that QF, represented mainly by oncocalyxone A, has hepatoprotective activity, and this effect is at least in part due to the antioxidant activity of this quinone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Augusta Drago Ferreira
- Departamento de Farmácia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rodolfo Teófilo, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Felício AC, Chang CV, Brandão MA, Peters VM, Guerra MDO. Fetal growth in rats treated with lapachol. Contraception 2002; 66:289-93. [PMID: 12413627 DOI: 10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00356-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lapachol is a naphthoquinone well known for its therapeutic potential. Previous studies have shown that lapachol does not interfere with embryonic development during the pre-implantation period. However, when administered during the organogenic period at the same dose level, it induces a high fetal death incidence. To evaluate the effect of lapachol during fetogenesis, 20 pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: vehicle (10 mL of a 50% aqueous ethanol solution/kg body weight) and treated (100 mg of lapachol/kg body weight). Lapachol was administered from the 17th to 20th day of pregnancy. The following variables were analyzed: maternal body weight from 16th to 21st day of pregnancy, food intake from 17th to 21st day of pregnancy, clinical signs of physical discomfort, ovarian weights, implantations, resorptions and mortality indices, fetal and placenta weights, external malformations, and fetal organ weights. Results indicated that lapachol was not toxic to mothers, although it was fetotoxic leading to fetal growth retardation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Jordan AM, Khan TH, Osborn HM, Photiou A, Riley PA. Melanocyte-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (MDEPT): development of a targeted treatment for malignant melanoma. Bioorg Med Chem 1999; 7:1775-80. [PMID: 10530924 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(99)00126-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel prodrug rationally designed to function as a tyrosinase substrate has been synthesised to allow targeted treatment of malignant melanoma. This agent has been evaluated for tyrosinase-mediated drug release, and has been shown to act in the desired manner. Furthermore, differential cytotoxicity has been demonstrated in cell lines which express tyrosinase and those which do not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A M Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Photiou A, Shah P, Leong LK, Moss J, Retsas S. In vitro synergy of paclitaxel (Taxol) and vinorelbine (navelbine) against human melanoma cell lines. Eur J Cancer 1997; 33:463-70. [PMID: 9155533 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(97)89023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTXL) (Taxol), a taxane, and vinorelbine (VRB), a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid drug, have tubulin as their common intracellular target, but inhibit growth by binding to different sites. We evaluated in vitro the antiproliferative activity of these two drugs as single agents and in combination, against two human melanoma cell lines, G361 and StM111a. The SRB (sulphorhodamine B) assay was used to determine growth inhibition. Possible drug-drug interaction at the cellular level was assessed by constructing Isoboles (Isobologram analysis) and applying the concept of an 'envelope of additivity'. Both agents were active in the nanomolar range at clinically achievable concentrations. The mean IC50 for G361 was 46.6 nM (PTXL) and 19.9 nM (VRB) after a 1 h drug exposure. Mean IC50 (1 h) for StM111a was 9.7 nM (PTXL) and 26.9 nM (VRB). Isobole analysis at the isoeffect levels of 25%, 50% and 75% indicated that drug interaction was predominantly synergistic (supra-additive) when paclitaxel and VRB were added concurrently for 1 h to cultures of StM11 1a or G361. In some experiments, this synergy was observed with particularly low concentrations of paclitaxel (3 nM) and VRB (0.01 nM). A new points were located within the envelope of additivity or in the subadditive (antagonism) region of the isobole. An overall synergy was also found if the data were analysed by the median effect analysis. The effect of these agents on the cytoskeleton and ultrastructure were studied with immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, respectively. These results confirm the in vitro inhibitory activity of paclitaxel and VRB against malignant melanoma, but more importantly the two drugs appear to act synergistically at relatively low concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Photiou
- Catherine Griffiths Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Charing Cross Hospital, London, U.K
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
|