Bernstein CA, Waters JH, Torjman MC, Ritter D. Preoperative glycopyrrolate: oral, intramuscular, or intravenous administration.
J Clin Anesth 1996;
8:515-8. [PMID:
8872694 DOI:
10.1016/0952-8180(96)00116-x]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of oral, intramuscular (i.m.) and intravenous (i.v. glycopyrrolate on oral and gastric secretions, and to assess how these routes of administration change intubating conditions.
DESIGN
Randomized, double-blinded study.
SETTING
University hospital operating room.
PATIENTS
37 ASA status I and II general anesthesia patients.
INTERVENTIONS
Patients were randomized to receive glycopyrrolate or placebo just before surgery by three routes: oral, i.m., and i.v.. Glycopyrrolate was received once by one route and placebo by the other two routes. A placebo group received three placebos and no glycopyrrolate.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Mouth conditions and intubating conditions were qualitatively assessed by the patient and the intubating anesthesiologist. No difference between groups was noted. Oral and gastric volumes were measured and showed significantly less gastric volume for the i.v. group as compared with the other groups. Oral secretions were reduced in both the i.v. and i.m. groups when compared with placebo or glycopyrrolate administered orally.
CONCLUSIONS
Preoperative glycopyrrolate is significantly more effective at reducing oral and gastric secretions if administered intravenously immediately before induction.
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