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Michalska P, Chatton A, Penzenstadler L, Izdebski P, Jeannot E, Simon O, Dufour M, Rochat L, Lischer S, Khazaal Y. Perspective of Internet Poker Players on Harm-Reduction Strategies: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239054. [PMID: 33291669 PMCID: PMC7730654 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Internet gambling may increase rates of gambling harm. This current study aimed to assess Internet poker players’ views on various harm-reduction (HR) strategies. It also examined differences in these views according to the games played (poker only vs. poker plus other gambling activities), indebtedness, and problem gambling severity. Methods: Internet poker players (n = 311; 94.2% Male) recruited online between 2012 and 2014 were included in the analyses and completed a survey on indebtedness, problem gambling severity index, and ten statements regarding HR features. Results: Among the whole sample, the most frequently endorsed HR strategy was setting money limits, specialized online help, and peer support forums. People who play poker only (70%) are less prone to endorse the utility of information on excessive gambling and specialized healthcare centers. No differences were found between those people with debt versus those without regarding HR assessment. Participants with severe problem gambling were more skeptical about HR strategies based on information on specialized healthcare centers. Conclusion: Setting money limits, online help, and peer support forums are the most commonly endorsed strategies. Future research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of online harm reduction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Michalska
- Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.M.); (P.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Anne Chatton
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.C.); (L.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Louise Penzenstadler
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.C.); (L.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Paweł Izdebski
- Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.M.); (P.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Emilien Jeannot
- Institute of Global Health, Geneva University, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Olivier Simon
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Magali Dufour
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, CP 8888, Canada;
| | - Lucien Rochat
- Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.C.); (L.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Suzanne Lischer
- Institute for Social Management, Social Policy and Prevention, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 6002 Lucerne, Switzerland;
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Faculty of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-867 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.M.); (P.I.); (Y.K.)
- Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne University, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
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Billieux J, Achab S, Savary JF, Simon O, Richter F, Zullino D, Khazaal Y. Gambling and problem gambling in Switzerland. Addiction 2016; 111:1677-83. [PMID: 26733190 DOI: 10.1111/add.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To provide an overview of gambling and problem gambling in Switzerland, including historical aspects, past and current legislation and policies, treatment options and the research base. METHODS A literature search was conducted on two databases (PubMed and PsycINFO), and official government and statistical reports selected from the official websites of four sources (Federal Office of Justice; Federal Gambling Board; Federal Office of Statistics; Swiss Lottery and Betting Board). RESULTS After a history of banning or partial banning, Swiss gambling became regulated at the beginning of the 20th century through successive laws. The current system is characterized by important differences in the law and policies for casinos and lotteries, and contradictions in the regulation of these two areas are still under debate in order to develop new legislation. Gambling is widespread in Switzerland, and the prevalence of problem gambling in this country was comparable to that in other European countries in 2014. Most gambling treatment facilities are integrated into mental health treatment services that have out-patient programmes, and treatment for problem gambling is covered by a universal compulsory Swiss health insurance system. The availability of public funding for gambling research is still limited. CONCLUSIONS Switzerland needs to develop a more coherent regulatory and prevention policy approach to gambling, overcoming conflicts in the current dual system of federal and cantonal regulation. Recent efforts to enhance funding for gambling research are promising, and could lead to a more systematic analysis of the efficacy of prevention and treatment programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Billieux
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Internet and Gambling Disorders Clinic, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.,Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Félix Savary
- Groupement Romand d'Etudes des Addictions (GREA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Simon
- Center for Excessive Gambling, Community Psychiatric Service, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Richter
- Groupement Romand d'Etudes des Addictions (GREA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Zullino
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Addictology Division, Mental Health and Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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Inpatient treatment for pathological gamblers in Germany: setting, utilization, and structure. J Gambl Stud 2014; 31:257-79. [PMID: 24375259 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-013-9430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In Germany, there are two different approaches to inpatient treatment of pathological gambling (PG): Facilities focusing on addiction or on psychosomatic illness. However, little is known about how these differences influence utilization and structure of treatment. Therefore, in our study, we analyzed all known German gambling inpatient treatment centers concerning patients' sex, age and number of comorbid disorders and evaluated an expert assessment of the treatment system, access to treatment, and structure characteristics of inpatient treatment facilities. In 2011, 2,229 pathological gamblers were treated. This amounts to 1 % of all past-year pathological gamblers. 90 % of the patients were men, 93 % had at least one comorbid disorder. Access to treatment was mostly gained via psychosocial counseling centers, but was not readily available. Facilities with addiction departments treated less pathological gamblers per year (29.3 gamblers) than facilities with psychosomatic departments (53.3 gamblers) or with both departments (76.4 gamblers). Treatment duration was significantly longer in addiction departments treating PG as secondary diagnosis only, with a low rate of gamblers on all patients, or treating few gamblers. Some facilities specialized on PG and treated more gamblers, had a higher rate of gamblers on all patients, and offered specific treatment programs. The impact of this specialization on treatment outcome is still unclear. Although treatment numbers have risen steadily for the past years, only a small fraction of affected gamblers seek inpatient treatment. Therefore, awareness to the disease and access to treatment needs to be improved.
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Bischof A, Meyer C, Bischof G, Kastirke N, John U, Rumpf HJ. Inanspruchnahme von Hilfen bei Pathologischem Glücksspielen. SUCHT-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR WISSENSCHAFT UND PRAXIS 2012. [DOI: 10.1024/0939-5911.a000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ziel: Die vorliegende Studie berichtet über die Inanspruchnahme von suchtspezifischen Hilfen bei Pathologischen Glücksspielern. Methode: Die Bevölkerungsstichprobe basiert auf 15 023 Probanden, deren Telefonnummern zufällig gezogen wurden. Zusätzlich wurden in 39 Glücksspielstätten 303 Spieler befragt. Mit einem computergestützten telefonischen Interview wurden Spielverhalten und Spielprobleme bezogen auf die Lebenszeit erfragt. In beiden Stichproben zusammen wurden 232 Probanden erfasst, die im Verlauf ihres Lebens pathologisch gespielt hatten. Von ihnen erhielten 105 Personen ein vertiefendes klinisches Interview. Ergebnisse: Von den Befragten berichteten 20 % Kontakt zum Hilfesystem im Verlauf ihres Lebens. Weitergehenden Kontakt berichteten 10,5 %, am häufigsten wurden Suchtberatungsstellen (5,7 %), Selbsthilfegruppen (4,8 %) und ambulante Psychotherapie (3,8 %) genannt. Inanspruchnahme formeller Hilfen war mit der Problemschwere assoziiert (p = .022). Außerdem zeigte sich ein Zusammenhang zwischen bestimmten DSM-IV Kriterien und dem Kontakt zum Hilfesystem. Schlussfolgerungen: Es ist von einer gravierenden Unterversorgung Pathologischer Glücksspieler auszugehen. Glücksspielspezifische Hilfeangebote scheinen die Betroffenen bislang nicht in ausreichendem Maße zu erreichen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Bischof
- Forschungsgruppe S:TEP, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Integrative Psychiatrie, Universität Lübeck
| | - Christian Meyer
- Institut für Epidemiologie und Sozialmedizin, Universität Greifswald
| | - Gallus Bischof
- Forschungsgruppe S:TEP, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Integrative Psychiatrie, Universität Lübeck
| | - Nadin Kastirke
- Institut für Epidemiologie und Sozialmedizin, Universität Greifswald
| | - Ulrich John
- Institut für Epidemiologie und Sozialmedizin, Universität Greifswald
| | - Hans-Jürgen Rumpf
- Forschungsgruppe S:TEP, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Zentrum für Integrative Psychiatrie, Universität Lübeck
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Sander W, Peters A. Pathological Gambling: Influence of Quality of Life and Psychological Distress on Abstinence After Cognitive-Behavioral Inpatient Treatment. J Gambl Stud 2009; 25:253-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10899-009-9128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Stetler CB, McQueen L, Demakis J, Mittman BS. An organizational framework and strategic implementation for system-level change to enhance research-based practice: QUERI Series. Implement Sci 2008; 3:30. [PMID: 18510750 PMCID: PMC2430586 DOI: 10.1186/1748-5908-3-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2006] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continuing gap between available evidence and current practice in health care reinforces the need for more effective solutions, in particular related to organizational context. Considerable advances have been made within the U.S. Veterans Health Administration (VA) in systematically implementing evidence into practice. These advances have been achieved through a system-level program focused on collaboration and partnerships among policy makers, clinicians, and researchers. The Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) was created to generate research-driven initiatives that directly enhance health care quality within the VA and, simultaneously, contribute to the field of implementation science. This paradigm-shifting effort provided a natural laboratory for exploring organizational change processes. This article describes the underlying change framework and implementation strategy used to operationalize QUERI. STRATEGIC APPROACH TO ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE QUERI used an evidence-based organizational framework focused on three contextual elements: 1) cultural norms and values, in this case related to the role of health services researchers in evidence-based quality improvement; 2) capacity, in this case among researchers and key partners to engage in implementation research; 3) and supportive infrastructures to reinforce expectations for change and to sustain new behaviors as part of the norm. As part of a QUERI Series in Implementation Science, this article describes the framework's application in an innovative integration of health services research, policy, and clinical care delivery. CONCLUSION QUERI's experience and success provide a case study in organizational change. It demonstrates that progress requires a strategic, systems-based effort. QUERI's evidence-based initiative involved a deliberate cultural shift, requiring ongoing commitment in multiple forms and at multiple levels. VA's commitment to QUERI came in the form of visionary leadership, targeted allocation of resources, infrastructure refinements, innovative peer review and study methods, and direct involvement of key stakeholders. Stakeholders included both those providing and managing clinical care, as well as those producing relevant evidence within the health care system. The organizational framework and related implementation interventions used to achieve contextual change resulted in engaged investigators and enhanced uptake of research knowledge. QUERI's approach and progress provide working hypotheses for others pursuing similar system-wide efforts to routinely achieve evidence-based care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynn McQueen
- Office of Quality and Performance, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington DC, USA
| | - John Demakis
- (Retired) Health Services Research and Development Service, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brian S Mittman
- VA Center for the Study of Healthcare Provider Behavior, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Khazaal Y, Chatton A, Cochand S, Jermann F, Osiek C, Bondolfi G, Zullino D. Quality of web-based information on pathological gambling. J Gambl Stud 2008; 24:357-66. [PMID: 18373182 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-008-9095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the quality of web-based information on gambling and to investigate potential content quality indicators. The following key words: gambling, pathological gambling, excessive gambling, gambling problem and gambling addiction were entered into two popular search engines: Google and Yahoo. Websites were assessed with a standardized proforma designed to rate sites on the basis of "accountability", "presentation", "interactivity", "readability" and "content quality". "Health on the Net" (HON) quality label, and DISCERN scale scores aiding people without content expertise to assess quality of written health publication were used to verify their efficiency as quality indicators. Of the 200 links identified, 75 websites were included. The results of the study indicate low scores on each of the measures. A composite global score appeared as a good content quality indicator. While gambling-related education websites for patients are common, their global quality is poor. There is a need for useful evidence-based information about gambling on the web. As the phenomenon has greatly increased, it could be relevant for Internet sites to improve their content by using global score as a quality indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Khazaal
- Division of Substance Abuse, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue verte, 2, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
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