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Miladinova-Georgieva K, Geneva M, Stancheva I, Petrova M, Sichanova M, Kirova E. Effects of Different Elicitors on Micropropagation, Biomass and Secondary Metabolite Production of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:plants12010153. [PMID: 36616282 PMCID: PMC9824860 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a valuable plant whose products are increasingly used in medicine, pharmacy and the food industry. This necessitates the use of biotechnological approaches for its mass propagation. Establishing optimal conditions for in vitro cultivation is essential for obtaining high biomass and secondary metabolites production. A large number of articles considering the role of plant growth regulators and other additives in the culture medium in the growth and development of Stevia are available in the literature. However, there are no summarized data about the use of nanoparticles in Stevia tissue cultures. Therefore, this review also includes the research conducted so far on the effect of nanoparticles on Stevia micropropagation. Furthermore, the influence of different elicitors on secondary metabolite production and antioxidant activity of in vitro-cultivated Stevia plants have been discussed. By referring to the collected literature, we concluded that biotechnological approaches applied to S. rebaudiana cultivation might improve the agronomic traits of plants and steviol glycosides production.
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Zhang S, Liu Q, Lyu C, Chen J, Xiao R, Chen J, Yang Y, Zhang H, Hou K, Wu W. Characterizing glycosyltransferases by a combination of sequencing platforms applied to the leaf tissues of Stevia rebaudiana. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:794. [PMID: 33187479 PMCID: PMC7664074 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is considered one of the most valuable plants because of the steviol glycosides (SGs) that can be extracted from its leaves. Glycosyltransferases (GTs), which can transfer sugar moieties from activated sugar donors onto saccharide and nonsaccharide acceptors, are widely distributed in the genome of S. rebaudiana and play important roles in the synthesis of steviol glycosides. Results Six stevia genotypes with significantly different concentrations of SGs were obtained by induction through various mutagenic methods, and the contents of seven glycosides (stevioboside, Reb B, ST, Reb A, Reb F, Reb D and Reb M) in their leaves were considerably different. Then, NGS and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing were combined to analyse leaf tissue from these six different genotypes to generate a full-length transcriptome of S. rebaudiana. Two phylogenetic trees of glycosyltransferases (SrUGTs) were constructed by the neighbour-joining method and successfully predicted the functions of SrUGTs involved in SG biosynthesis. With further insight into glycosyltransferases (SrUGTs) involved in SG biosynthesis, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) method was used to characterize the relationships between SrUGTs and SGs, and forty-four potential SrUGTs were finally obtained, including SrUGT85C2, SrUGT74G1, SrUGT76G1 and SrUGT91D2, which have already been reported to be involved in the glucosylation of steviol glycosides, illustrating the reliability of our results. Conclusion Combined with the results obtained by previous studies and those of this work, we systematically characterized glycosyltransferases in S. rebaudiana and forty-four candidate SrUGTs involved in the glycosylation of steviol glucosides were obtained. Moreover, the full-length transcriptome obtained in this study will provide valuable support for further research investigating S. rebaudiana. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07195-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshan Zhang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.,Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chengcheng Lyu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jinsong Chen
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Renfeng Xiao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jingtian Chen
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yunshu Yang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kai Hou
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Zhang SS, Chen H, Xiao JY, Liu Q, Xiao RF, Wu W. Mutations in the uridine diphosphate glucosyltransferase 76G1 gene result in different contents of the major steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 162:141-147. [PMID: 30897351 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the metabolic glycosylation grid of steviol glycosides, UGT76G1 was shown to catalyze at least eight different glucosylation steps, including the formation of rebaudioside B (Reb B) and rebaudioside A (Reb A) (Olsson et al., 2016). In this study, the accumulation of steviolbioside, Reb B, stevioside (ST) and Reb A in more than 140 samples of stevia leaves collected from different regions in China were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and five genotypes, 'N01-N05', with significantly different levels of the abovementioned glycosides were discovered. Mutations in the UGT76G1 gene cloned from cDNAs from these five genotypes were identified, and the functions of the recombinant UGT76G1 variants were ascertained by adding steviolbioside and ST substrates. In addition, homology modeling and molecular docking were used to elucidate the functional differences between variants and UGT76G1. Comparing the sequences of the five variants 'N01-N05' with UGT76G1 (AY345974.1) revealed that base substitutions were not observed in 'N01'. By contrast, 'N02' exhibited 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 9 associated amino acid substitutions or insertions with notable variations in the protein structure; however, an enzyme assay showed similar functionalities between the variant and UGT76G1. In 'N03', 49 SNPs and 29 associated amino acid substitutions or insertions were identified and shown to induce significant variations in the protein structure, especially in the binding pocket, resulting in the lack of functionality of this variant in the enzyme assay. These results were in agreement with the docking profiles. Moreover, a nonsense mutation of p.1090T > G in 'N04' and an insertion of a 68 base fragment in 'N05' were found, and both produced a premature protein without any catalytic activity. Therefore, UGT76G1, which is vital to the content of main steviol glycosides, should be a key gene marker for the molecular breeding of Stevia rebaudiana. Our investigations also revealed the location and orientation of active groups of the receptors and donors in the UGT76G1 enzyme, which play key roles in determining whether the enzyme has any enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Shan Zhang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jie-Yu Xiao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ren-Feng Xiao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and Associated Challenges. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26478-3_8-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yang YH, Huang SZ, Han YL, Yuan HY, Gu CS, Zhao YH. Base substitution mutations in uridinediphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase 76G1 gene of Stevia rebaudiana causes the low levels of rebaudioside A: mutations in UGT76G1, a key gene of steviol glycosides synthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 80:220-225. [PMID: 24811677 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Steviol glycosides, extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert) Bertoni, are calorie-free sugar substitute of natural origin with intensely sweet (Boileau et al., 2012). Stevioside and rebaudioside A are the two main kinds of the diterpenic glycosides. We analyzed the concentration of stevioside and rebaudioside A in Stevia leaves of about 500 samples (hybrid progenies) and discovered a mutation plant "Z05" with very low levels of rebaudioside A. Because UGT76G1, a uridinediphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferases, is responsible for the conversion from stevioside to rebaudioside A (Richman et al., 2005), so mutation identification was done by sequencing the candidate gene, UGT76G1. In this study molecular analysis of two strains revealed a heterozygotic nonsense mutation of c.389T > G (p.L121X) in UGT76G1. Meanwhile, we found some amino acid substitutions significant change the protein structure. And the difference of enzyme activity between two strains proved the lack of functionality of UGT76G1 of the mutation "Z05". So the nonsense mutation and amino acid substitution mutation resulted in the low levels of rebaudioside A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Heng Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Su-Zhen Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Yu-Lin Han
- Experimental Teaching Center of Ecological Environment of Jiangxi Province, Department of Landscape Architecture, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Hai-Yan Yuan
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chun-Sun Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan-Hai Zhao
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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Lata H, Chandra S, Wang YH, Raman V, Khan IA. TDZ-Induced High Frequency Plant Regeneration through Direct Shoot Organogenesis in <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Bertoni: An Important Medicinal Plant and a Natural Sweetener. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.41016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Patel RM, Shah RR. Regeneration of stevia plant through callus culture. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 71:46-50. [PMID: 20177455 PMCID: PMC2810047 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.51954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Revised: 07/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni that conventionally propagated by seed or by cuttings or clump division which has a limitation of quality and quantity seed material. In present study, callus culture technique was tried to achieve rapid plant multiplication for quality seed material. Callus induction and multiplication medium was standardized from nodal as well as leaf sagments. It is possible to maintain callus on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzyl amino purine and naphthalene acetic acid. Maximum callus induction was obtained on Murashige and Skoog medium incorporated with 6-benzyl amino purine (2.0-3.0 mg/l) and naphthalene acetic acid (2.0 mg/l) treatments. However, Murashige and Skoog medium containing 2.0 mg/l 6-benzyl amino purine+2.0 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid was found to be the best for callus induction. Higher regeneration frequency was noticed with Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-benzyl amino purine+0.2 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid. Regenerated plants were rooted better on (1/4) Murashige and Skoog strength supplemented with 0.1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. The rooted plantlets were hardened successfully in tera care medium with 63 per cent survival rate. The developed protocol can be utilized for mass production of true to type planting material on large scale independent of season, i.e. external environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Patel
- Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari-396 450, India
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Ayabe M, Taniguchi K, Sumi S. Regeneration of whole plants from protoplasts isolated from tissue-cultured shoot primordia of garlic (Allium sativum L.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 1995; 15:17-21. [PMID: 24185646 DOI: 10.1007/bf01690245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/1994] [Revised: 04/11/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Protoplasts derived from tissue-cultured shoot primordia of garlic (Allium sativum L.) initiated successive cell divisions within 4 days and formed small individual calli (0.2mm in diameter) after 5 weeks of culture on Gamborg's B5 medium supplemented with 0.1% casein hydrolysate, 1mg/1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid and 1mg/1 6-benzylaminopurine. Plating efficiency was roughly 5% at the density of 1x10(4) protoplasts/ml of medium. Adventitious buds developed from the calli during subsequent subculture on Gamborg's B5 medium supplemented with 40mg/l adenine and 10% coconut milk. When transferred to the same medium without supplements, these buds grew into shoots and rooted. The regenerated garlic plantlets were successfully transferred to the greenhouse and grew into whole plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ayabe
- Institute for Biotechnology Research, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1624 Shimokotachi, Koda-Cho, Takata-Gun, 739-11, Hiroshima, Japan
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Handro W, Ferreira CM. Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni: Production of Natural Sweeteners. MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS II 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-73617-9_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Ferreira CM, Handro W. Production, maintenance and plant regeneration from cell suspension cultures of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1988; 7:123-126. [PMID: 24241548 DOI: 10.1007/bf00270120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/1987] [Revised: 12/03/1987] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A method is described for producing and maintaining Stevia rebaudiana suspensions and regeneration of plants from calli derived from cell suspensions. Suspension cultures composed of isolated cells (ca. 10%) and cellular aggregates (5-100 cells) were obtained in 20-30 days by using friable callus as the initial inoculum in liquid mediā with BA (0.5 mg/l)+2,4-D (1.0 mg/l), and periodic filtering (100-500 μm sieves) with 6-7 days interval between subcultures. Cultures derived from actively growing calli are mainly diploid (2n=22) whereas those derived from senescent calli showed a wide variation in chromosome number (55-200). Stock cell suspensions which had been maintained for 3 years were plated on basal LS agar medium with BA (0.5 mg/l)+2,4D (0.5 mg/l) to form callus. Calli originating from predominantly 2n cell suspensions when transferred to medium with K (2.0 mg/l)+NAA (0.02 mg/l) were able to form buds. Shoot elongation and further rooting of isolated shoots was better on LS medium devoid of growth regulators. Variation in rooting capacity, plant vigour, morphological characters and chromosome number was found amongst regenerated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Ferreira
- Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of Sao Paulo, C.P. 11461, 05499, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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