1
|
Zhou Z, Xian J, Wei W, Xu C, Yang J, Zhan R, Ma D. Volatile metabolic profiling and functional characterization of four terpene synthases reveal terpenoid diversity in different tissues of Chrysanthemum indicum L. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 185:112687. [PMID: 33588133 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chrysanthemum indicum has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its health-promoting benefits. Studies on C. indicum have mainly focused on the flowers. Terpenoid distribution in various parts of the plant and characterization of terpene synthases remain unclear. In this study, volatile metabolic profiling was performed to compare the composition and quantity of terpenoids distributed in the root, stem, leaf, flower bud and flower of C. indicum. The potential for extracting active ingredients from the root, stem, and leaf was also examined. In total, 17 monoterpenoids and 27 sesquiterpenoids were identified. Transcriptome data were used to clone two monoterpene synthases and two sesquiterpene synthases highly expressed in the root. The recombinant proteins of full-length and truncated versions of C. indicum terpene synthase (CiTPS1) produced α-pinene, but the truncated one was catalytically more efficient than the full-length version. No product could be detected when full-length version of CiTPS2 was used for catalyzing GPP, but the truncated one can produce a minor amount of α-pinene. CiTPS3 contributed to the production of three sesquiterpenoids, namely β-farnesene, petasitene, and α-bisabolene. CiTPS4 acted as a difunctional enzyme, contributing to the production of four monoterpenoids and three sesquiterpenoids, including petasitene. The evidence suggests that petasitene and the genes responsible for its biosynthesis were first found in the genus Chrysanthemum. The present findings provide insights into the composition, formation, and regulation of these bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Zhou
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jianchun Xian
- Guangdong Museum of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Wuke Wei
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chong Xu
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jinfen Yang
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ruoting Zhan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Dongming Ma
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Resource Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan (Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Joint Laboratory of National Engineering Research Center for the Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang H, Ma D, Yang J, Deng K, Li M, Ji X, Zhong L, Zhao H. An Integrative Volatile Terpenoid Profiling and Transcriptomics Analysis for Gene Mining and Functional Characterization of AvBPPS and AvPS Involved in the Monoterpenoid Biosynthesis in Amomum villosum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:846. [PMID: 29973947 PMCID: PMC6020762 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Amomum villosum, also known as Fructus Amomi, has been used to treat digestive diseases such as abdominal pain, vomiting, and dysentery. Volatile terpenoids are the active metabolites in the essential oil of Fructus Amomi. Nevertheless, downstream genes responsible for activating metabolites biosynthesis in A. villosum still remain unclear. Here, we report the use of an integrative volatile terpenoid profiling and transcriptomics analysis for mining the corresponding genes involved in volatile terpenoid biosynthesis. Ten terpene synthase (TPS) genes were discovered, and two of them were cloned and functionally characterized. AvTPS1 (AvPS: pinene synthase) catalyzed GPP to form α-pinene and β-pinene; AvTPS3 (AvBPPS: bornyl diphosphate synthase) produced bornyl diphosphate as major product and the other three monoterpenoids as minor products. Metabolite accumulation and gene expression pattern combined with AvPS biochemical characterization suggested that AvPS might play a role in biotic defense. On the other hand, the most active ingredient, bornyl acetate, was highly accumulated in seeds and was consistent with the high expression of AvBPPS, which further indicated that AvBPPS is responsible for the biosynthesis of bornyl acetate, the final metabolite of bornyl diphosphate in A. villosum. This study can be used to improve the quality of A. villosum through metabolic engineering, and for the sustainable production of bornyl acetate in heterologous hosts.
Collapse
|
3
|
Honda S, Kawamoto S, Tanaka H, Kishida H, Kitagawa M, Nakai Y, Abe K, Hirata D. Administered chrysanthemum flower oil attenuates hyperuricemia: mechanism of action as revealed by DNA microarray analysis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:655-61. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.890028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We applied Chrysanthemum flower oil (CFO) to a hyperuricemia model by feeding rats a hyperuricemia-inducing diet (HID) and investigated its effect on serum uric acid (SUA) levels and its mode of action. CFO is the oily fraction that contains polyphenols derived from chrysanthemum flowers. Oral administration of CFO to HID-fed rats significantly decreased their SUA levels. It also inhibited xanthine oxidase activities in the liver and increased urine uric acid levels. The effects of CFO on the renal gene expressions that accompanied the induction of hyperuricemia were comprehensively confirmed by DNA microarray analysis. The analysis showed up-regulation of those genes for uric acid excretion by CFO administration. These results suggest that CFO suppresses the increase in SUA levels via two mechanisms: suppression of uric acid production by inhibition of xanthine oxidase in the liver and acceleration of its excretion by up-regulation of uric acid transporter genes in the kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Honda
- Frontier Biochemical & Medical Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan
| | - Seiji Kawamoto
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hozumi Tanaka
- Frontier Biochemical & Medical Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kishida
- Frontier Biochemical & Medical Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
| | - Masayasu Kitagawa
- Frontier Biochemical & Medical Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakai
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Dai Hirata
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Setzer WN. A DFT Analysis of Thermal Decomposition Reactions Important to Natural Products. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000500701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermal decomposition reactions of several important natural flavor and fragrance chemicals have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT, B3LYP/6-31G*). Retro-aldol reactions of glucose, fructose, hernandulcin, epihernandulcin, [3]-gingerol, and [4]-isogingerol; retro-carbonyl-ene reactions of isopulegol, lavandulol, isolyratol, and indicumenone; and pyrolytic syn elimination reactions of linalyl acetate, α-terpinyl acetate, and bornyl acetate, have been carried out. The calculations indicate activation enthalpies of around 30 kcal/mol for the retro-aldol reactions and for retro-carbonyl-ene reactions, comparable to pericyclic reactions such as the Cope rearrangement and electrocyclic reactions, and therefore important reactions at elevated temperatures (e.g., boiling aqueous solutions, gas-chromatograph injection ports). Activation enthalpies for pyrolytic eliminations are around 40 kcal/mol and are unlikely to occur during extraction or GC analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| |
Collapse
|