1
|
Xu X, Liu S, Chen J, Zhang DH. High vibrational excitation of the reagent transforms the late-barrier H + HOD reaction into an early-barrier reaction. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:041101. [PMID: 38265082 DOI: 10.1063/5.0187094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Polanyi's rules predict that a late-barrier reaction yields vibrationally cold products; however, experimental studies showed that the H2 product from the late-barrier H + H2O(|04⟩-) and H + HOD(vOH = 4) reactions is vibrationally hot. Here, we report a potential-averaged five-dimensional state-to-state quantum dynamics study for the H + HOD(vOH = 0-4) → H2 + OD reactions on a highly accurate potential energy surface with the total angular momentum J = 0. It is found that with the HOD vibration excitation increasing from vOH = 1 to 4, the product H2 becomes increasingly vibrationally excited and manifests a typical characteristic of an early barrier reaction for vOH = 3 to 4. Analysis of the scattering wave functions revealed that vibrational excitation in the breaking OH bond moves the location of dynamical saddle point from product side to reactant side, transforming the reaction into an early barrier reaction. Interestingly, pronounced oscillatory structures in the total and product vibrational-state-resolved reaction probabilities were observed for the H + HOD(vOH = 3, 4) reactions, in particular at low collision energies, which originate from the Feshbach resonance states trapped in the bending/torsion excited vibrational adiabatic potential wells in the entrance region due to van der Waals interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moberg DR, Jasper AW. Permutationally Invariant Polynomial Expansions with Unrestricted Complexity. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:5440-5455. [PMID: 34469127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general strategy is presented for constructing and validating permutationally invariant polynomial (PIP) expansions for chemical systems of any stoichiometry. Demonstrations are made for three categories of gas-phase dynamics and kinetics: collisional energy-transfer trajectories for predicting pressure-dependent kinetics, three-body collisions for describing transient van der Waals adducts relevant to atmospheric chemistry, and nonthermal reactivity via quasiclassical trajectories. In total, 30 systems are considered with up to 15 atoms and 39 degrees of freedom. Permutational invariance is enforced in PIP expansions with as many as 13 million terms and 13 permutationally distinct atom types by taking advantage of petascale computational resources. The quality of the PIP expansions is demonstrated through the systematic convergence of in-sample and out-of-sample errors with respect to both the number of training data and the order of the expansion, and these errors are shown to predict errors in the dynamics for both reactive and nonreactive applications. The parallelized code distributed as part of this work enables the automation of PIP generation for complex systems with multiple channels and flexible user-defined symmetry constraints and for automatically removing unphysical unconnected terms from the basis set expansions, all of which are required for simulating complex reactive systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Moberg
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ahren W Jasper
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tahsildaran F FS, Moore B, Bashiri T, Otani H, Djuricanin P, Malekfar R, Farahbod AH, Momose T. VUV photochemistry and nuclear spin conversion of water and water-orthohydrogen complexes in parahydrogen crystals at 4 K. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4094-4106. [PMID: 33586746 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04523c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Samples of H2O, HDO, and D2O were isolated in solid parahydrogen (pH2) matrices and irradiated by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation at 147 nm. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed a clear depletion of D2O and an enrichment of both HDO and H2O by 147 nm irradiation. These irradiation-dependent changes are attributed to the production of OH and/or OD radicals through photodissociations of H2O, HDO, and D2O. The radicals subsequently react with the hydrogen matrix, leading to the observed enrichment of H2O. No trace of isolated OH or OD was detected in the FTIR spectra, indicating that the OH/OD radicals react with the surrounding matrix hydrogen molecules via quantum tunneling within our experimental timescale. The observed temporal changes in concentrations, especially the increase of HDO concentration during VUV irradiation, can be interpreted by a model with a rapid conversion from orthohydrogen (oH2) to pH2 in water-oH2 complexes upon VUV photodissociation, indicating either the acceleration of the nuclear spin conversion (NSC) of H2 due to the magnetic moment of the intermediate OH/OD radical, or the preferential reaction of the OH/OD radical with a nearby oH2 molecule over other pH2 molecules. We have also identified and quantified an anomalously slow NSC of H2O and D2O complexed with oH2 in solid pH2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh S Tahsildaran F
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. and Atomic and Molecular Physics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Brendan Moore
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Termeh Bashiri
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Hatsuki Otani
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Pavle Djuricanin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Rasoul Malekfar
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Farahbod
- Research School of Plasma Physics and Nuclear Fusion, Research Institute of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, AEOI, Tehran, Iran
| | - Takamasa Momose
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Espinosa-Garcia J, García-Chamorro M, Corchado JC. Rethinking the description of water product in polyatomic OH/OD + XH (X ≡ D, Br, NH2 and GeH3) reactions: theory/experimental comparison. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-2577-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
5
|
Quantum scattering theory for collisional energy transfer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64207-3.00002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
6
|
Xu X, Chen J, Liu S, Zhang DH. An ab initio
-based global potential energy surface for the SH3
system and full-dimensional state-to-state quantum dynamics study for the H2
+ HS → H2
S + H reaction. J Comput Chem 2018; 40:1151-1160. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Jun Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University; Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Welsch R. Low‐Temperature Thermal Rate Constants for the Water Formation Reaction H
2
+OH from Rigorous Quantum Dynamics Calculations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13150-13153. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Welsch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY Notkestraße 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Welsch R. Low‐Temperature Thermal Rate Constants for the Water Formation Reaction H
2
+OH from Rigorous Quantum Dynamics Calculations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Welsch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY Notkestraße 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sun P, Zhang Z, Chen J, Liu S, Zhang DH. Well converged quantum rate constants for the H2+ OH → H2O + H reaction via transition state wave packet. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:064303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5046890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu B, Zhang DH. Ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces and Quantum Dynamics for Polyatomic Bimolecular Reactions. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:2289-2303. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bina Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao B, Sun Z, Guo H. State-to-state mode specificity in H + DOH(νOH = 1) → HD + OH(ν2 = 0) reaction: vibrational non-adiabaticity or local-mode excitation? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:191-198. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
State-of-the-art full dimensional state-to-state quantum dynamics reveal a startling observation in which the DOH(νOH = 1) molecule reacts with a H atom to produce a vibrationless OH product. This interesting observation is attributed to a small OD excited local-mode component in the reactant wavefunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- University of New Mexico
- Albuquerque
- USA
| | - Zhigang Sun
- Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
- University of New Mexico
- Albuquerque
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Martí C, Pacifici L, Laganà A, Coletti C. A quantum-classical study of the OH + H 2 reactive and inelastic collisions. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
Zhao ZQ, Liu S, Zhang DH. Differential Cross Sections for the H+D2O→HD+OD Reaction: a Full Dimensional State-to-State Quantum Dynamics Study. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1608163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fu B, Shan X, Zhang DH, Clary DC. Recent advances in quantum scattering calculations on polyatomic bimolecular reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7625-7649. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys quantum scattering calculations on chemical reactions of polyatomic molecules in the gas phase published in the last ten years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bina Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Xiao Shan
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - David C. Clary
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Castillo JF, Suleimanov YV. A ring polymer molecular dynamics study of the OH + H2(D2) reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29170-29176. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using ring polymer molecular dynamics we have calculated the rate coefficients for the OH + H2 reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. F. Castillo
- Departamento de Química Física I
- Facultad de CC. Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Y. V. Suleimanov
- Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center
- Cyprus Institute
- Nicosia 2121
- Cyprus
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao Z, Liu S, Zhang DH. State-to-state differential cross sections for a four-atom reaction: H2+ OH → H2O + H in full dimensions. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:134301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4963798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mogo C, Brandão J. N-dimensional switch function for energy conservation in multiprocess reaction dynamics. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:1521-4. [PMID: 26992438 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The MReaDy program was designed for studying Multiprocess Reactive Dynamic systems, that is, complex chemical systems involving different and concurrent reactions. It builds a global potential energy surface integrating a variety of potential energy surfaces, each one of them representing an elementary reaction expected to play a role in the chemical process. For each elementary reaction, energy continuity problems may happen in the transition between potential energy surfaces due to differences in the functional form for each of the fragments, especially if built by different authors. A N-dimensional switch function is introduced in MReaDy in order to overcome such a problem. As an example, results of a collision trajectory calculation for H2 + OH → H3 O are presented, showing smooth transition in the potential energy, leading to conservation in the total energy. Calculations for a hydrogen combustion system from 1000 K up to 4000 K shows a variation of 0.012% when compared to the total energy of the system. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César Mogo
- Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Brandão
- Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meisner J, Kästner J. Reaction rates and kinetic isotope effects of H2 + OH → H2O + H. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:174303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4948319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Meisner
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu S, Zhang DH. A local mode picture for H atom reaction with vibrationally excited H 2O: a full dimensional state-to-state quantum dynamics investigation. Chem Sci 2015; 7:261-265. [PMID: 28758003 PMCID: PMC5515045 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03472h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A local mode picture was postulated some time ago to explain the negligible OD product excitation from H reacting with D2O in fundamental asymmetrical excitation: the D2O asymmetric stretch state is best thought as a linear combination of local mode stretches with the H atom reacting preferentially with the excited OD bond, but has never been verified. Here we report the first full-dimensional state-to-state study for the title reaction with H2O in the ground and the first symmetric and asymmetric stretching excited states. It is found that symmetric and asymmetric stretching excited states, which vibrate in very different ways in the normal mode picture, behave essentially identically in the reaction. More importantly, our calculations revealed that the reaction produces a small fraction of OH in the v = 1 state, with the population close to the relative reactivity between the ground and vibrationally excited states, and therefore it confirms the local mode picture for H2O in symmetric or asymmetric stretch states when reacting with an H atom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , Liaoning , China .
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , Liaoning , China .
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Song H, Guo H. Vibrational and Rotational Mode Specificity in The Cl + H2O → HCl + OH Reaction: A Quantum Dynamical Study. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6188-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b03740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Song
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li J, Jiang B, Song H, Ma J, Zhao B, Dawes R, Guo H. From ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces to State-Resolved Reactivities: X + H2O ↔ HX + OH [X = F, Cl, and O(3P)] Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4667-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Hongwei Song
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Jianyi Ma
- Institute of Atomic
and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Richard Dawes
- Department
of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Hua Guo
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li J, Corchado JC, Espinosa-Garcia J, Guo H. Final state-resolved mode specificity in HX + OH → X + H2O (X = F and Cl) reactions: A quasi-classical trajectory study. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:084314. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4913522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Jose C. Corchado
- Departamento de Quimica Fisica, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz 06071, Spain
| | | | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fu B, Zhang DH. A full-dimensional quantum dynamics study of the mode specificity in the H + HOD abstraction reaction. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:064314. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4907918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bina Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mogo C, Brandão J. The READY program: Building a global potential energy surface and reactive dynamic simulations for the hydrogen combustion. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1330-7. [PMID: 24760762 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
READY (REActive DYnamics) is a program for studying reactive dynamic systems using a global potential energy surface (PES) built from previously existing PESs corresponding to each of the most important elementary reactions present in the system. We present an application to the combustion dynamics of a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen using accurate PESs for all the systems involving up to four oxygen and hydrogen atoms. Results at the temperature of 4000 K and pressure of 2 atm are presented and compared with model based on rate constants. Drawbacks and advantages of this approach are discussed and future directions of research are pointed out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César Mogo
- Centro de Investigação em Química do Algarve Universidade do Algarve, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li J, Jiang B, Guo H. Permutation invariant polynomial neural network approach to fitting potential energy surfaces. II. Four-atom systems. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:204103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4832697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
26
|
Jiang B, Guo H. Control of Mode/Bond Selectivity and Product Energy Disposal by the Transition State: X + H2O (X = H, F, O(3P), and Cl) Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:15251-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja408422y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Perry JW, Dawes R, Wagner AF, Thompson DL. A classical trajectory study of the intramolecular dynamics, isomerization, and unimolecular dissociation of HO2. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:084319. [PMID: 24007009 DOI: 10.1063/1.4818879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The classical dynamics and rates of isomerization and dissociation of HO2 have been studied using two potential energy surfaces (PESs) based on interpolative fittings of ab initio data: An interpolative moving least-squares (IMLS) surface [A. Li, D. Xie, R. Dawes, A. W. Jasper, J. Ma, and H. Guo, J. Chem. Phys. 133, 144306 (2010)] and the cubic-spline-fitted PES reported by Xu, Xie, Zhang, Lin, and Guo (XXZLG) [J. Chem. Phys. 127, 024304 (2007)]. Both PESs are based on similar, though not identical, internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction with Davidson correction (icMRCI+Q) electronic structure calculations; the IMLS PES includes complete basis set (CBS) extrapolation. The coordinate range of the IMLS PES is limited to non-reactive processes. Surfaces-of-section show similar generally regular phase space structures for the IMLS and XXZLG PESs with increasing energy. The intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR) at energies above and below the threshold of isomerization is slow, especially for O-O stretch excitations, consistent with the regularity in the surfaces-of-section. The slow IVR rates lead to mode-specific effects that are prominent for isomerization (on both the IMLS and XXZLG) and modest for unimolecular dissociation to H + O2 (accessible only on the XXZLG PES). Even with statistical distributions of initial energy, slow IVR rates result in double exponential decay for isomerization, with the slower rate correlated with slow IVR rates for O-O vibrational excitation. The IVR and isomerization rates computed for the IMLS and XXZLG PESs are quantitatively, but not qualitatively, different from one another with the largest differences ascribed to the ~2 kcal/mol difference in the isomerization barrier heights. The IMLS and XXZLG results are compared with those obtained using the global, semi-empirical double-many-body expansion DMBE-IV PES [M. R. Pastrana, L. A. M. Quintales, J. Brandão, and A. J. C. Varandas, J. Chem. Phys. 94, 8073 (1990)], for which the surfaces-of-section display more irregular phase space structure, much faster IVR rates, and significantly less mode-specific effects in isomerization and unimolecular dissociation. The calculated IVR results for all three PESs are reasonably well represented by an analytic, coupled three-mode energy transfer model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamin W Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cvitaš MT, Althorpe SC. A Chebyshev method for state-to-state reactive scattering using reactant-product decoupling: OH + H2 → H2O + H. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:064307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4817241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
29
|
|
30
|
Li J, Guo H. A new ab initio based global HOOH(13A″) potential energy surface for the O(3P) + H2O(X1A1) ↔ OH(X2Π) + OH(X2Π) reaction. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:194304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4804418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
31
|
Chen J, Xu X, Xu X, Zhang DH. A global potential energy surface for the H2 + OH ↔ H2O + H reaction using neural networks. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:154301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4801658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
32
|
Bencsura Á, Lendvay G. Bimolecular Reactions of Vibrationally Excited Molecules. Roaming Atom Mechanism at Low Kinetic Energies. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:4445-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301243a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Bencsura
- Institute of Organic Chemistry,
Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525, Budapest, P.O. Box 17, Hungary
| | - György Lendvay
- Institute of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525, Budapest, P.O. Box 17,
Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
TANG PINGYING, LI DONGLIN, WU MENGMENG, TANG BIYU. ROTATIONAL ALIGNMENT OF PRODUCT MOLECULES FROM THE REACTION Ca + HCl→CaCl + H. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633611006256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The product rotational polarization in the Ca + HCl→CaCl + H reaction at collision energy of 20 kcal/mol has been studied via the quasiclassical trajectory method on a new ab initio potential surface. The P(θ r ) distribution of angle between k and j′, and the dihedral angular distribution P(Φ r ) characterizing k - k′ - j′ correlation are discussed, the angle distribution P(θ r , Φ r ) of product rotational vectors in the form of polar plot in θ r and Φ r are shown. Furthermore, four PDDCSs (2π/σ)(dσ00/dωt), (2π/σ)(dσ20/dωt), (2π/σ)(dσ22+/dωt) and (2π/σ)(dσ21-/dωt) are also presented. The present calculations reveal that the product rotational alignment is very strong. Finally, the state distributions of the product CaCl are investigated. The results showed that the CaCl product was formed with high vibrational and rotational excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PING-YING TANG
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, P. R. China 530004, P. R. China
| | - DONG-LIN LI
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, P. R. China 530004, P. R. China
| | - MENG-MENG WU
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, P. R. China 530004, P. R. China
| | - BI-YU TANG
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, P. R. China 530004, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu S, Xiao C, Wang T, Chen J, Yang T, Xu X, Zhang DH, Yang X. The dynamics of the D2 + OH → HOD + D reaction: A combined theoretical and experimental study. Faraday Discuss 2012; 157:101-11; discussion 113-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fd20018j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
35
|
Bhattacharya S, Panda AN, Meyer HD. Cross sections and rate constants for OH + H2 reaction on three different potential energy surfaces for ro-vibrationally excited reagents. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:194302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3660222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
36
|
Jiang B, Xie D, Guo H. Calculation of multiple initial state selected reaction probabilities from Chebyshev flux-flux correlation functions: Influence of reactant internal excitations on H + H2O → OH + H2. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:084112. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3626525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
37
|
|
38
|
Sierra JD, Bonnet L, González M. Quasi-Classical Trajectory–Gaussian Binning Study of the OH + D2 → HOD(v1′,v2′,v3′) + D Angle–Velocity and Vibrational Distributions at a Collision Energy of 0.28 eV. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:7413-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jp202022p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Daniel Sierra
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, C/Madre de Dios 51, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Laurent Bonnet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux I and CNRS, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | - Miguel González
- Departament de Química Física i IQTC, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nguyen TL, Stanton JF, Barker JR. Ab Initio Reaction Rate Constants Computed Using Semiclassical Transition-State Theory: HO + H2 → H2O + H and Isotopologues. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:5118-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2022743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Lam Nguyen
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2143, United States
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, United States
| | - John R. Barker
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2143, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Cvitaš MT, Althorpe SC. State-to-state reactive scattering in six dimensions using reactant–product decoupling: OH + H2 → H2O + H (J = 0). J Chem Phys 2011; 134:024309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3525541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marko T. Cvitaš
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart C. Althorpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Simbotin I, Ghosal S, Côté R. A case study in ultracold reactive scattering: D + H2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:19148-55. [PMID: 21976145 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21982k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ion Simbotin
- University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, 2152 Hillside Road, U-3046, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kaiser RI, Mebel AM. The reactivity of ground-state carbon atoms with unsaturated hydrocarbons in combustion flames and in the interstellar medium. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350210136602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
43
|
Apparent failure of the Born-Oppenheimer static surface model for vibrational excitation of molecular hydrogen on copper. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:20881-6. [PMID: 21078960 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1001098107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The accuracy of dynamical models for reactive scattering of molecular hydrogen, H(2), from metal surfaces is relevant to the validation of first principles electronic structure methods for molecules interacting with metal surfaces. The ability to validate such methods is important to progress in modeling heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we study vibrational excitation of H(2) on Cu(111) using the Born-Oppenheimer static surface model. The potential energy surface (PES) used was validated previously by calculations that reproduced experimental data on reaction and rotationally inelastic scattering in this system with chemical accuracy to within errors ≤ 1 kcal/mol ≈ 4.2 kJ/mol [Díaz C, et al. (2009) Science 326:832-834]. Using the same PES and model, our dynamics calculations underestimate the contribution of vibrational excitation to previously measured time-of-flight spectra of H(2) scattered from Cu(111) by a factor 3. Given the accuracy of the PES for the experiments for which the Born-Oppenheimer static surface model is expected to hold, we argue that modeling the effect of the surface degrees of freedom will be necessary to describe vibrational excitation with similar high accuracy.
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang PY, Lu RF, Chu TS, Han KL. Nonadiabatic quantum reactive scattering of the OH(A Σ2+)+D2. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:174316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3502468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
45
|
Lee HM, Odde S, Mhin BJ, Suh SB, Kim KS. Hydrogen detachment of the hexahydrated hydroiodic acid upon attaching an excess electron. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970701594021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
46
|
|
47
|
Bhattacharya S, Panda AN, Meyer HD. Multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree approach to study the OH+H2 reaction. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:214304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3429609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
48
|
Zhang PY, Lu RF, Chu TS, Han KL. Quenching of OH(A2Σ+) by H2 through Conical Intersections: Highly Excited Products in Nonreactive Channel. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6565-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1024069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rui-Feng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tian-Shu Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ke-Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Espinosa-Garcia J, Bonnet L, Corchado JC. Classical description in a quantum spirit of the prototype four-atom reaction OH + D2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:3873-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b922389d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
50
|
Heatwole EM, Prezhdo OV. Analytic dynamics of the Morse oscillator derived by semiclassical closures. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:244111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3154143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|