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Koust S, Adamsen KC, Kolsbjerg EL, Li Z, Hammer B, Wendt S, Lauritsen JV. NH 3 adsorption on anatase-TiO 2(101). J Chem Phys 2018; 148:124704. [PMID: 29604858 DOI: 10.1063/1.5021407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of ammonia on anatase TiO2 is of fundamental importance for several catalytic applications of TiO2 and for probing acid-base interactions. Utilizing high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and density functional theory (DFT), we identify the adsorption mode and quantify the adsorption strength on the anatase TiO2(101) surface. It was found that ammonia adsorbs non-dissociatively as NH3 on regular five-fold coordinated titanium surface sites (5f-Ti) with an estimated exothermic adsorption energy of 1.2 eV for an isolated ammonia molecule. For higher adsorbate coverages, the adsorption energy progressively shifts to smaller values, due to repulsive intermolecular interactions. The repulsive adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are quantified using DFT and autocorrelation analysis of STM images, which both showed a repulsive energy of ∼50 meV for nearest neighbor sites and a lowering in binding energy for an ammonia molecule in a full monolayer of 0.28 eV, which is in agreement with TPD spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig Koust
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kræn C Adamsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Zheshen Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bjørk Hammer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Stefan Wendt
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jeppe V Lauritsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) , Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Di Filippo G, Trioni MI, Fratesi G, Schumann FO, Wei Z, Li CH, Behnke L, Patil S, Kirschner J, Stefani G. The LVV Auger line shape of sulfur on copper studied by Auger photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:085003. [PMID: 25650803 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/8/085003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the line shapes of Cu(0 0 1)-p (2 × 2)S L2VV and L3VV Auger decay by means of Auger photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy. Measuring the LVV Auger spectrum in coincidence with S 2p1/2 and 2p3/2 photoelectrons respectively, we have been able to separate the two overlapping Auger spectra and determine their intrinsic line shapes. The two Auger transitions, though shifted in energy, display an identical line shape whose main features can be qualitatively understood considering a single particle approximation but are better described within a Cini-Sawatzky (CS) approach. Comparison between the experimental and the CS calculated spectra confirms that a substantial part of the Auger lines (∼20%) can be ascribed to decay events accompanied by the excitation of one additional electron-hole pair in the valence band. For the first time, the locality of the Auger process combined with the surface sensitivity of the APECS technique and its ability to separate overlapping structures are used to study Auger transitions taking place at the the surface states of a S/noble-metal interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Filippo
- Scuola dottorale in Matematica e Fisica, Università di Roma Tre, via della Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Rome, Italy
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Pang CL, Lindsay R, Thornton G. Structure of clean and adsorbate-covered single-crystal rutile TiO2 surfaces. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3887-948. [PMID: 23676004 DOI: 10.1021/cr300409r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Lun Pang
- London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
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Guo XJ, Liu W, Fang W, Cai L, Zhu Y, Lu L, Lu X. DFT study of coverage-depended adsorption of NH3 on TiO2-B (100) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:16618-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41124e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kim B, Li Z, Kay BD, Dohnálek Z, Kim YK. The effect of oxygen vacancies on the binding interactions of NH3 with rutile TiO2(110)-1 × 1. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:15060-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42754k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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McGill PR, Idriss H. Ab initio study of surface acid-base reactions. The case of molecular and dissociative adsorption of ammonia on the (011) surface of rutile TiO2. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:97-104. [PMID: 18052215 DOI: 10.1021/la701611p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of ammonia molecules with Lewis acid centers (Ti4+ metal ions) of the (011) surface of rutile TiO2 is investigated by density functional theory in order to understand, from first principle, the nature of acid-base reactions on solid surfaces. Unlike the rutile (110) surface that contains alternating rows of 5-fold and 6-fold Ti atoms, all Ti atoms of the (011) surface are 5-fold coordinated. This surface has shown considerable activity for numerous chemical reactions and is thus an ideal prototype. At 1/2 monolayer coverage, with respect to surface Ti atoms, the adsorption energy is found to be equal to 100 kJ mol-1, and drops to 58 kJ mol-1 at one monolayer coverage. Analysis of the electronic density of states (DOS) revealed information regarding the mode of adsorption. In particular, the nitrogen 3a1 and 2a1 orbitals appear to undergo significant changes upon adsorption, in agreement with photoelectron spectroscopy studies. Dissociative adsorption was also investigated on the same surface. Both NH2(Tis) + H(Os) and NH(Tis) + 2H(Os) modes of dissociative adsorption, where s stands for surface, are found to be less stable than the molecular (non dissociated) adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R McGill
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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Wang X, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zhu J. Effect of Pd2+ doping on ZnO nanotetrapods ammonia sensor. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Farfan-Arribas E, Madix RJ. Characterization of the Acid−Base Properties of the TiO2(110) Surface by Adsorption of Amines. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022344c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert J. Madix
- Chemical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5025
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Ozawa K, Hasegawa T, Edamoto K, Takahashi K, Kamada M. Adsorption State and Molecular Orientation of Ammonia on ZnO(101̄0) Studied by Photoelectron Spectroscopy and near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0205970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0033, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - T. Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0033, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - K. Edamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0033, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - K. Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0033, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - M. Kamada
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0033, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Hrbek J, Rodriguez JA, Dvorak J, Jirsak T. Sulfur Adsorption and Reaction with a TiO2(110) Surface: O↔S Exchange and Sulfide Formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20011149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Upon sulfur adsorption on TiO2(110) at 600 K, all surface oxygen is replaced by sulfur. High-resolution photoemission data show a complete loss of oxygen from the surface layer, a large binding energy shift and attenuation of Ti core levels, and the presence of three different S species. The bonding of sulfur is examined using first-principles density-functional calculations and the periodic supercell approach. At saturation the top layer of the oxide surface is converted to sulfide, with the majority of sulfur buckled above the Ti lattice plane and the remaining sulfur bonded in bridging sites. A mechanism for this self-limiting thermodynamically unlikely surface reaction is proposed.
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