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Chen Y, Wu X, Zhou X, Yang X, Dai X, Liu S. The N + Formation Mechanism of Vibrationally Selected N 2O + Ions in the C 2Σ + State: A TPEPICO Imaging Study. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38780798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The N-NO bond fission of N2O+(C2Σ+) ions can produce two major fragment ions, NO+ or N+. In contrast to the dominant NO+ fragment ion, the N+ formation mechanism remains unclear to date. Here, dissociative photoionization of N2O via the C2Σ+ ionic state has been reinvestigated using a combined approach of threshold photoelectron-photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) velocity imaging and quantum chemical calculations. Accompanying the N+(3P) formation, the NO(X2Π) neutral fragment with low and high vi-rotational distributions was identified, based on the N+ speed and angular distributions derived from the TPEPICO images. In particular, the excitation of the symmetric stretching ν1+ mode promotes the formation of high rotational components, while the asymmetric stretching ν3+ mode shows the exact opposite effect. According to our calculated multistate potential energy surfaces, intersystem crossing from C2Σ+ to 14Π exclusively provides feasible decomposition pathways to produce the N+ fragment. In a slightly bent geometry, spin-orbit couplings between C2Σ+ and two substates of 14Π, 14A' or 14A″, play a crucial role in the N+ formation from vibrationally selected N2O+(C2Σ+) ions. The mechanism also provides new insights into the charge transfer reaction of N+ + NO → N + NO+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiangkun Wu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xinlang Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xinhua Dai
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
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Yu X, Zhang X, Hu X, Zhao X, Ren D, Li X, Ma P, Wang C, Wu Y, Luo S, Ding D. Femtosecond Time-Resolved Neighbor Roles in the Fragmentation Dynamics of Molecules in a Dimer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:023001. [PMID: 35867441 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.023001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
How the neighbor effect plays its role in the fragmentation of molecular clusters attracts great attention for physicists and chemists. Here, we study this effect in the fragmentation of N_{2}O dimer by performing three-body coincidence measurements on the femtosecond timescale. Rotations of bound N_{2}O^{+} triggered by neutral or ionic neighbors are tracked. The forbidden dissociation path between B^{2}Π and ^{4}Π is opened by the spin-exchange effect due to the existence of neighbor ions, leading to a new channel of N_{2}O^{+}→NO+N^{+} originating from B^{2}Π. The formation and dissociation of the metastable product N_{3}O_{2}^{+} from two ion-molecule reaction channels are tracked in real time, and the corresponding trajectories are captured. Our results demonstrate a significant and promising step towards the understanding of neighbor roles in the reactions within clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitao Yu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xinning Zhao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dianxiang Ren
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaokai Li
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Pan Ma
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chuncheng Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Sizuo Luo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dajun Ding
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Dowek D, Decleva P. Trends in angle-resolved molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:24614-24654. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective article, main trends of angle-resolved molecular photoelectron spectroscopy in the laboratory up to the molecular frame, in different regimes of light-matter interactions, are highlighted with emphasis on foundations and most recent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Dowek
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Piero Decleva
- CNR IOM and Dipartimento DSCF, Università di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Lebech M, Houver JC, Raseev G, dos Santos AS, Dowek D, Lucchese RR. Valence and inner-valence shell dissociative photoionization of CO in the 26–33 eV range. II. Molecular-frame and recoil-frame photoelectron angular distributions. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:094303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3681920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tang X, Niu M, Zhou X, Liu S, Liu F, Shan X, Sheng L. NO+ formation pathways in dissociation of N2O+ ions at the C2Σ+ state revealed from threshold photoelectron–photoion coincidence velocity imaging. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:054312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3549130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Meng Q, Chang HB, Huang MB, Dong H. Theoretical studies on N-loss predissociation mechanisms of N2O+ (A 2Σ+) in C s symmetry. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lock RM, Zhou X, Li W, Murnane MM, Kapteyn HC. Measuring the intensity and phase of high-order harmonic emission from aligned molecules. Chem Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2009.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lebech M, Houver JC, Dowek D. Valence and inner-valence shell dissociative photoionization of CO in the 26-33 eV range. I. Ion-electron kinetic energy correlation and laboratory frame photoemission. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:194307. [PMID: 19466836 DOI: 10.1063/1.3125223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The (V(A+), V(e), ê) vector correlation method, combining imaging and time-of-flight resolved electron-ion coincidence techniques, is used to probe dissociative photoionization (DPI) of CO induced by vacuum ultra violet linearly or circularly polarized synchrotron radiation in the 26-33 eV photon excitation energy range. It provides original information about both the photoionization dynamics of the CO molecule and the dissociation dynamics of the CO(+) molecular ions. The explored region corresponds to valence and inner-valence CO(+) ionic states, which involve doubly or multiply excited electronic configurations. In this paper I we identify up to 17 DPI reaction pathways by the position of the intermediate CO(+) molecular states in the Franck-Condon region and the (C(+) + O) or (O(+) + C) dissociation limits to which they correlate. For these processes we report the laboratory frame beta(C+/O+) and beta(e) asymmetry parameters as well as the relative branching ratios in selected binding energy bands. The I(chi,theta(e),phi(e)) molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions for selected PI processes will be reported in a companion paper II and compared with multichannel Schwinger configuration interaction ab initio calculations of these observables.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lebech
- UMR 8625 and CNRS, Laboratoire des Collisions Atomiques et Moléculaires, Bat 351, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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Dowek D, J. Picard Y, Billaud P, Elkharrat C, C. Houver J. Molecular Frame Photoemission: Probe of the Photoionization Dynamics for Molecules in the Gas Phase. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/22/02/178-186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Céolin D, Travnikova O, Bao Z, Piancastelli MN, Tanaka T, Hoshino M, Kato H, Tanaka H, Harries JR, Tamenori Y, Prümper C, Lischke T, Liu XJ, Ueda K. Study of the dissociation of nitrous oxide following resonant excitation of the nitrogen and oxygen K-shells. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:024306. [PMID: 18205449 DOI: 10.1063/1.2812926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Céolin
- Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Institute of Physics, University of Lund, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Toffoli D, Lucchese RR, Lebech M, Houver JC, Dowek D. Molecular frame and recoil frame photoelectron angular distributions from dissociative photoionization of NO2. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:054307. [PMID: 17302477 DOI: 10.1063/1.2432124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors report measured and computed molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) and recoil frame photoelectron angular distributions (RFPADs) for the single photon ionization of the nonlinear molecule NO2 leading to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 and (4a1)-1 3A1 states of NO2+. Experimentally, the RFPADs were obtained using the vector correlation approach applied to the dissociative photoionization (DPI) involving these molecular ionic states. The polar and azimuthal angle dependences of the photoelectron angular distributions are measured relative to the reference frame provided by the ion recoil axis and direction of polarization of the linearly polarized light. Experimental results are reported for the photon excitation energies hnu=14.4 and 22.0 eV. Theoretically the authors give expressions for both the MFPAD and the RFPAD. They show that the functional form in the recoil frame, where an average over the azimuthal dependence of the molecular fragments about the recoil direction is made, is identical to that they have earlier found for the DPI experiments performed on linear molecules. MFPADs were then computed using single-center expansion techniques within the fixed-nuclei frozen-core Hartree-Fock approximation. The computed cross sections for ionization to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 state show a strong propensity for ionization with the polarization of the light perpendicular to the plane of the molecule, whereas the ionization to the (4a1)-1 3A1 state of the ion is of similar intensity for all orientations of the polarization of the light in the molecular frame. These qualitative features of the MFPAD are also evident in the RFPAD. The RFPAD for ionization leading to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 state is strongly peaked in the perpendicular orientation, whereas the RFPAD for ionization leading to the (4a2)-1 3A1 state is much more nearly isotropic. Comparison between experimental and theoretical RFPADs indicates that the recoil angle for NO+ fragments is approximately 50 degrees relative to the symmetry axis of the initial C2v symmetry of the NO2 molecule in the ionization leading to the (1a2)-1 b 3A2 state and the recoil angle is approximately 120 degrees for the O+ fragment for ionization leading to the (4a1)-1 3A1 state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Toffoli
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Lebech M, Houver JC, Dowek D, Lucchese RR. Dissociative photoionization of N2O in the region of the N2O+(B 2Π) state studied by ion–electron velocity vector correlation. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:8226-40. [PMID: 15267743 DOI: 10.1063/1.1651087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissociative direct photoionization of the N2O(X 1Sigma+) linear molecule via the N2O+(B 2Pi) ionic state induced by linearly polarized synchrotron radiation P in the 18-22 eV photon energy range is investigated using the (VA+,Ve,P) vector correlation method, where VA+ is the nascent velocity vector of the NO+, N2+, or O+ ionic fragment and Ve that of the photoelectron. The DPI processes are identified by the ion-electron kinetic energy correlation, and the IchiA+(thetae,phie) molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) are reported for the dominant reaction leading to NO+ (X 1Sigma+,v) + N(2D)+ e. The measured MFPADs are found in satisfactory agreement with the reported multichannel Schwinger configuration interaction calculations, when bending of the N2O+(B 2Pi) molecular ion prior to dissociation is taken into account. A significant evolution of the electron scattering anisotropies is observed, in particular in the azimuthal dependence of the MFPADs, characteristic of a photoionization transition between a neutral state of Sigma symmetry and an ionic state of Pi symmetry. This interpretation is supported by a simple model describing the photoionization transition by the coherent superposition of two ssigma and ddelta partial waves and the associated Coulomb phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lebech
- Laboratoire des Collisions Atomiques et Moleculaires (L.C.A.M., UMR Universite Paris Sud et CNRS, No. 8625), Batiment 351, Universite Paris Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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