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Aloisio L, Moschetta M, Boschi A, Fleitas AG, Zangoli M, Venturino I, Vurro V, Magni A, Mazzaro R, Morandi V, Candini A, D'Andrea C, Paternò GM, Gazzano M, Lanzani G, Di Maria F. Insight on the Intracellular Supramolecular Assembly of DTTO: A Peculiar Example of Cell-Driven Polymorphism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302756. [PMID: 37364565 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of supramolecular structures within living systems is an innovative approach for introducing artificial constructs and developing biomaterials capable of influencing and/or regulating the biological responses of living organisms. By integrating chemical, photophysical, morphological, and structural characterizations, it is shown that the cell-driven assembly of 2,6-diphenyl-3,5-dimethyl-dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene-4,4-dioxide (DTTO) molecules into fibers results in the formation of a "biologically assisted" polymorphic form, hence the term bio-polymorph. Indeed, X-ray diffraction reveals that cell-grown DTTO fibers present a unique molecular packing leading to specific morphological, optical, and electrical properties. Monitoring the process of fiber formation in cells with time-resolved photoluminescence, it is established that cellular machinery is necessary for fiber production and a non-classical nucleation mechanism for their growth is postulated. These biomaterials may have disruptive applications in the stimulation and sense of living cells, but more crucially, the study of their genesis and properties broadens the understanding of life beyond the native components of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Aloisio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Matteo Moschetta
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Alex Boschi
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Ariel García Fleitas
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Mattia Zangoli
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, I-40129, Italy
| | - Ilaria Venturino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Vito Vurro
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Arianna Magni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Raffaello Mazzaro
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Augusto Righi", Università di Bologna, Via C. Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Vittorio Morandi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Andrea Candini
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, I-40129, Italy
| | - Cosimo D'Andrea
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Paternò
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Massimo Gazzano
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, I-40129, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Lanzani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, Milano, 20134, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Maria
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via P. Gobetti 101, Bologna, I-40129, Italy
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Della Sala F, Fabiano E. Accurate singlet and triplet excitation energies using the Localized Hartree–Fock Kohn–Sham potential. Chem Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Oliva MM, Casado J, Navarrete JTL, Patchkovskii S, Goodson T, Harpham MR, Seixas de Melo JS, Amir E, Rozen S. Do [all]-S,S′-Dioxide Oligothiophenes Show Electronic and Optical Properties of Oligoenes and/or of Oligothiophenes? J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:6231-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ja101015q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Moreno Oliva
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Juan Casado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Juan T. López Navarrete
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Serguei Patchkovskii
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Theodore Goodson
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael R. Harpham
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - J. Sérgio Seixas de Melo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Elizabeta Amir
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shlomo Rozen
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain, Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal, and School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Grisorio R, Melcarne G, Suranna GP, Mastrorilli P, Nobile CF, Cosma P, Fini P, Colella S, Fabiano E, Piacenza M, Della Sala F, Ciccarella G, Mazzeo M, Gigli G. First disubstituted dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide monodispersed molecular materials for efficient blue-electroluminescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b913628b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Reichardt C, Vogt RA, Crespo-Hernández CE. On the origin of ultrafast nonradiative transitions in nitro-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Excited-state dynamics in 1-nitronaphthalene. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:224518. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3272536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Ding Y, Zhao JF, Wang XS, Liu SS, Ma FC. Optical Properties of Neutral and Charged Low Band Gap Alternating Copolyfluorenes: TD-DFT Investigation. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/22/04/389-394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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7
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Meng S, Jiang J, Wang Y, Ma J. Modulation of electronic structures of thienylene vinylene oligomers by substituents and solvents: ground and excited states. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zugazagoitia JS, Almora-Díaz CX, Peon J. Ultrafast Intersystem Crossing in 1-Nitronaphthalene. An Experimental and Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:358-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp074809a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimena S. Zugazagoitia
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - César Xavier Almora-Díaz
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Jorge Peon
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México, D.F., México
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Piacenza M, Della Sala F, Fabiano E, Maiolo T, Gigli G. Torsional effects on excitation energies of thiophene derivatives induced by β-substituents: Comparison between time-dependent density functional theory and approximated coupled cluster approaches. J Comput Chem 2007; 29:451-7. [PMID: 17639501 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The influence of methyl or phenyl substitution in beta-position of dioxygenated terthiophene and diphenylthiophene on the optical properties is investigated by first-principles calculations. We compare the approximated singles and doubles coupled cluster (CC2) approach with time-dependent density functional theory methods. CC2 reproduces experimental excitation energies with an accuracy of 0.1 eV. We find that the different substituents modify the inter-ring torsional angle which in turn strongly influences the excitation energies. The steric contribution to the excitation energies have been separated from the total substituent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Piacenza
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory of INFM, Distretto Tecnologico ISUFI, Università degli Studi di Lecce, Via per Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Yang S, Kan Y, Yang G, Su Z, Zhao L. TD-DFT investigation on the low-lying excited states of spiro-bithiophene. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Fabiano E, Della Sala F, Barbarella G, Lattante S, Anni M, Sotgiu G, Hättig C, Cingolani R, Gigli G. Optical Properties of N-Succinimidyl Bithiophene and the Effects of the Binding to Biomolecules: Comparison between Coupled-Cluster and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Calculations and Experiments. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:18651-60. [PMID: 16970495 DOI: 10.1021/jp062890w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a joint theoretical-experimental study on the optical properties of 5-N-succinimidyl-2,2'-bithiophene (NS-2T), a prototype system for a new class of biomarkers. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and approximate coupled-cluster single and doubles (CC2) calculations are performed in the ground and excited states. Theoretical results are compared with absorption, photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved PL, and PL quantum efficiency measurements. The excited state of NS-2T has a larger dipole moment as compared to that of the ground state, explaining the experimental shift of the PL peak in solvents of different polarity, and a smaller intersystem crossing (ISC) rate as compared to that of isolated bithiophene (2T), explaining the increased PL quantum efficiency. We also studied two model systems to describe the effects of the covalent binding of NS-2T to biomolecules and proteins with the epsilon-NH(2) lysine groups. These model systems show optical properties closer to 2T, as the PL quantum efficiency is reduced due to the increased ISC rate. Theoretical calculations and experimental results show that covalent binding of NS-2T to a biomolecule will blue-shift the absorption but not the photoluminescence. CC2 and TD-DFT can very well describe the absorption and photoluminescence energies of all three systems, but the presence of several charge-transfer transitions in the TD-DFT spectrum of NS-2T required the use of a correlated method to validate the TD-DFT results.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fabiano
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory of INFM-CNR, Distretto Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Lecce, Via per Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
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13
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Fabiano E, Sala FD, Cingolani R, Weimer M, Görling A. Theoretical Study of Singlet and Triplet Excitation Energies in Oligothiophenes. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:3078-85. [PMID: 16833632 DOI: 10.1021/jp044974f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have analyzed singlet and triplet excitation energies in oligothiophenes (up to five rings) using time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT) with different exchange-correlation functionals and compared them with results from the approximate coupled-cluster singles and doubles model (CC2) and experimental data. The excitation energies have been calculated in geometries obtained by TD-DFT optimization of the lowest excited singlet state and in the ground-state geometries of the neutral and anionic systems. TD-DFT methods underestimate photoluminescence energies but the energy difference between singlet and triplet states shows trends with the chain-length similar to CC2. We find that the second triplet excited state is below the first singlet excited state for long oligomers in contrast with the previous assignment of Rentsch et al. (Phys.Chem. Chem. Phys. 1999, 1, 1707). Their photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy measurements are better described by considering higher triplet excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fabiano
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory of INFM, Distretto Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Lecce, Via per Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
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Anni M, Della Sala F, Raganato MF, Fabiano E, Lattante S, Cingolani R, Gigli G, Barbarella G, Favaretto L, Görling A. Nonradiative Relaxation in Thiophene-S,S-dioxide Derivatives: The Role of the Environment. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:6004-11. [PMID: 16851655 DOI: 10.1021/jp046465j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular radiative and nonradiative relaxation processes of three thiophene-S,S-dioxide derivatives with different molecular rigidity are investigated in different solutions and in inert matrix. We show that the fluorescence quantum efficiency and the relaxation dynamics are strongly dependent on the environment viscosity, whereas they are almost independent of the environment polarity. We demonstrate that this strong dependence is due to an environment dependent nonradiative decay rate, whereas no relevant variations of the radiative decay rate are observed. We demonstrate that the dipole coupling with the solvent does not provide an efficient nonradiative decay channel and that the S(n) - S(1) vibrational relaxation is very efficient in all of the molecules and for all of the investigated environments. Moreover first-principles time-dependent density-functional theory calculations in the correct, i.e., excited-state, molecular conformation, suggest that significant contributions of intersystem crossing to the triplet manifold can be excluded. We then conclude that the main nonradiative process determining the fluorescence quantum efficiency of this class of molecules is S(1) - S(0) internal conversion (IC). An explanation for the IC rate dependence in terms of the environment viscosity, molecular rigidity, S(1) - S(0) energy-gap, and molecular volume is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anni
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory (NNL) of INFM, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Innovazione, Università degli Studi di Lecce, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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