Seven-dimensional microcanonical treatment of hydrogen dissociation dynamics on Cu(111): Clarifying the essential role of surface phonons

Quantum and classical dynamics of reactive scattering of H2 from metal surfaces

State-of-the-art theoretical models allow nowadays an accurate description of H₂/metal surface systems and phenomena relative to heterogeneous catalysis. Here we review the most relevant ones investigated during the last 10 years.

Density functional theory for transition metals and transition metal chemistry

We introduce density functional theory and review recent progress in its application to transition metal chemistry. Topics covered include local, meta, hybrid, hybrid meta, and range-separated functionals, band theory, software, validation tests, and applications to spin states, magnetic exchange coupling, spectra, structure, reactivity, and catalysis, including molecules, clusters, nanoparticles, surfaces, and solids.

Microcanonical Transition State Theory for Activated Gas−Surface Reaction Dynamics: Application to H2/Cu(111) with Rotation as a Spectator

A microcanonical unimolecular rate theory (MURT) model incorporating quantized surface vibrations and Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus rate constants is applied to a benchmark system for gas-surface reaction dynamics, the activated dissociative chemisorption and associative desorption of hydrogen on Cu(111). Both molecular translation parallel to the surface and rotation are treated as spectator degrees of freedom. MURT analysis of diverse experiments indicates that one surface oscillator participates in the dissociative transition state and that the threshold energy for H2 dissociation on Cu(111) is E0 = 62 kJ/mol. The spectator approximation for rotation holds well at thermally accessible rotational energies (i.e., for Er less than approximately 40 kJ/mol). Over the temperature range from 300 to 1000 K, the calculated thermal dissociative sticking coefficient is ST = S0 exp(-Ea/kBT) where S0 = 1.57 and Ea = 62.9 kJ/mol. The sigmoid shape of rovibrational eigenstate-resolved dissociative sticking coefficients as a function of normal translational energy is shown to derive from an averaging of the microcanonical sticking coefficient, with threshold energy E0, over the thermal surface oscillator distribution of the gas-surface collision complexes. Given that H2/Cu(111) is one of the most dynamically biased of gas-surface reactive systems, the simple statistical MURT model simulates and broadly rationalizes the H2/Cu(111) reactive behavior with remarkable fidelity.