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Petridi A, Chatzipetrakis G, Skoulakis A, Fitilis I, Tatarakis M, Chatzakis J. A modified modular multilevel converter topology trigger generator for a pseudospark switch. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:064711. [PMID: 35778004 DOI: 10.1063/5.0088927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel trigger generator for operating a pseudospark switch has been developed based on a modified modular multilevel converter topology using insulated gate bipolar transistors. The trigger generator can be operated in either single- or high-repetition rate shot mode. It is characterized by a fast rise time and low temporal jitter between the output trigger pulses of less than 1 ns. It produces pulses of 4.5 kV and 1 µs duration into a 50 Ω load that can trigger a single pseudospark switch. By minimizing the high-voltage components, faster high-voltage switching takes place and the power density of the unit is increased. Furthermore, the overall volume of the trigger generator is reduced. Using this pseudospark trigger generator, it is possible to trigger single or multiple pseudospark gaps without the requirement to use a pulse shaping circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Petridi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, GR 73133, Greece
| | - G Chatzipetrakis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, GR 73133, Greece
| | - A Skoulakis
- Institute of Plasma Physics & Lasers - IPPL, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Rethymnon, GR 74100, Greece
| | - I Fitilis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, GR 73133, Greece
| | - M Tatarakis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, GR 73133, Greece
| | - J Chatzakis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Chania, GR 73133, Greece
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Yan J, Shen S, Wang Y, Zhang S, Cheng L, Ding W. A novel trigger for pseudospark switch with high repetition rate, low jitter, and compact structure. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:065102. [PMID: 29960516 DOI: 10.1063/1.5029420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the design and development of a trigger with a high repetition rate, low jitter, and compact structure for the pseudospark switch (PSS), which includes an improved Marx generator based on avalanche transistors and a corona-plasma trigger unit. The generator adopted a novel 3 × 12-stage Marx circuit based on avalanche transistors in which the failure rate of transistors in the first and second stages was significantly reduced by connecting the parallel capacitors compared to the previous similar generator. The reason for the improved performance was also discussed. The main parameters of output pulses were an amplitude of -7 kV, rise time of 6 ns, jitter of 0.2 ns, and repetition rate of 2 kHz. The corona-plasma trigger unit adopted BaTiO3 ceramics with high εr as the dielectric and was arranged in the hollow cathode of the PSS. The experiments of triggering a PSS prototype were conducted. The influence of anode voltage and pressure on the trigger delay and jitter was studied, and the minimum trigger jitter achieved <1 ns. This trigger worked for 107 shots at the repetition rate of 2 kHz continuously without obvious performance degradation and any failure of the generator. The main advantage of this trigger is the simultaneous combination of the high repetition rate, low jitter, long lifetime, and great simplicity in a compact structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Saikang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Le Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Weidong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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Chatzakis J, Hassan SM, Clark EL, Lee P, Tatarakis M. Note: A novel trigger generator for a pseudospark switch. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:016108. [PMID: 25638135 DOI: 10.1063/1.4905432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel trigger generator for operating a pseudospark switch has been developed based on a series connection of several insulated gate bipolar transistors. The trigger generator can be operated in single shot mode up to a repetition rate of 1 kHz. It is characterized by a fast rise time and low jitter between the output trigger pulses of less than 1 ns. It produces 3 kV, 1 μs pulses into a 50 Ω load that can trigger a pseudospark switch. By eliminating bulkier, slower high voltage components, the overall volume of the trigger generator is reduced. This allows for faster, high voltage switching to take place and thereby increasing the power density of the unit. Using this pseudospark trigger generator, it is possible to trigger single or multiple pseudospark gaps without the requirement to use a pulse shaping circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chatzakis
- CPPL, Department of Electronic Engineering, T. E. I. of Crete, Romanou 3, Chania 73133, Greece
| | - S M Hassan
- CMUXE, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - E L Clark
- CPPL, Department of Electronic Engineering, T. E. I. of Crete, Romanou 3, Chania 73133, Greece
| | - P Lee
- NSSE, NIE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - M Tatarakis
- CPPL, Department of Electronic Engineering, T. E. I. of Crete, Romanou 3, Chania 73133, Greece
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SKOULAKIS A, ANDROULAKIS GC, CLARK EL, HASSAN SM, LEE P, CHATZAKIS J, BAKAREZOS M, DIMITRIOU V, PETRIDIS C, PAPADOGIANNIS NA, TATARAKIS M. A PORTABLE PULSED NEUTRON GENERATOR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s2010194514601276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The design and construction of a pulsed plasma focus device to be used as a portable neutron source for material analysis such as explosive detection using gamma spectroscopy is presented. The device is capable of operating at a repetitive rate of a few Hz. When deuterium gas is used, up to 105 neutrons per shot are expected to be produced with a temporal pulse width of a few tens of nanoseconds. The pulsed operation of the device and its portable size are its main advantage in comparison with the existing continuous neutron sources. Parts of the device include the electrical charging unit, the capacitor bank, the spark switch (spark gap), the trigger unit and the vacuum–fuel chamber / anode–cathode. Numerical simulations are used for the simulation of the electrical characteristics of the device including the scaling of the capacitor bank energies with total current, the pinch current, and the scaling of neutron yields with energies and currents. The MCNPX code is used to simulate the moderation of the produced neutrons in a simplified geometry and subsequently, the interaction of thermal neutrons with a test target and the corresponding prompt γ-ray generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. SKOULAKIS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Electronics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), Chania, Greece
| | - G. C. ANDROULAKIS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Electronics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), Chania, Greece
| | - E. L. CLARK
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
| | - S. M. HASSAN
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - P. LEE
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616, Singapore
| | - J. CHATZAKIS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Electronics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), Chania, Greece
| | - M. BAKAREZOS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Music Technology & Acoustics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 74100, Rethymnon, Greece
| | - V. DIMITRIOU
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Natural Resources & Environment, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133, Chania, Greece
| | - C. PETRIDIS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Electronics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), Chania, Greece
| | - N. A. PAPADOGIANNIS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Music Technology & Acoustics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 74100, Rethymnon, Greece
| | - M. TATARAKIS
- Center for Plasma Physics and Lasers, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), 73133 Chania, 74100 Rethymno, Crete, Greece
- Department of Electronics, Technological Educational Institute of Crete (TEI), Chania, Greece
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Li L, Yafeng G, Heqin Z, Bin Y, Longjun X. A pulsed-power generator merging inductive voltage and current adders and its switch trigger application example. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:075108. [PMID: 23902107 DOI: 10.1063/1.4812694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A pulsed-power generator using inductive adder technology is proposed for the case of a discharge gap. The merit of this generator is to merge the pulsed-voltage and pulsed-current adders via the dual secondary windings with special circuit. For the nonlinear impedance in any discharge gap, the standalone voltage-pulse and current-pulse can be outputted successively by this generator. The proposed generator is especially useful for the common resolution of implementing pulse discharge at less cost. As an application example, a compact trigger prototype was developed to compatibly use in the gas-insulated and vacuum switches. Experiments achieved good results that the triggered switches showed stable performance and long life. If the basic circuit of this proposed generator is regarded as a pulsed-generating unit, a certain number of such units connected in parallel can be expected to form a general device with generating greater breakdown-voltage and sustained-current pulses for discharge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, College of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
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