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Zheng W, Jia L, Huang F. Vacuum-Ultraviolet Photon Detections. iScience 2020; 23:101145. [PMID: 32446223 PMCID: PMC7243193 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) photon detection technology is an effective means for the exploration in the field of space science (monitoring the formation and evolution of solar storms), high-energy physics (dark matter detection), large-scale scientific facility (VUV free electron lasers) and electronic industry (high-resolution lithography). The advancement of this technology mainly depends on the performance optimization of VUV photodetectors. In this review, we introduced the research progress on the typical VUV photodetectors based on scintillator, photomultiplier tube, semiconductor, and gas, with their unique advantages and optimal performance indicators in different applications summarized. In particular, during recent years, thanks to the advances in ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors, economical VUV photodetectors with low power consumption and small size have been encouragingly developed. Finally, we pointed out the remaining challenges for each type of VUV detector, with the aim of maximizing the performance in a variety of applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Lemin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Feng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Arikawa Y, Ota M, Nakajima M, Shimizu T, Segawa S, Khoa Phan TN, Sakawa Y, Abe Y, Morace A, Mirfayzi SR, Yogo A, Fujioka S, Nakai M, Shiraga H, Azechi H, Kodama R, Kan K, Frenje J, Gatu Johnson M, Bose A, Kabadi NV, Sutcliffe GD, Adrian P, Li C, Séguin FH, Petrasso R. The conceptual design of 1-ps time resolution neutron detector for fusion reaction history measurement at OMEGA and the National Ignition Facility. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:063304. [PMID: 32611003 DOI: 10.1063/1.5143657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear burn history provides critical information about the dynamics of the hot-spot formation and high-density fuel-shell assembly of an Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) implosion, as well as information on the impact of alpha heating, and a multitude of implosion failure mechanisms. Having this information is critical for assessing the energy-confinement time τE and performance of an implosion. As the confinement time of an ICF implosion is a few tens of picoseconds, less than 10-ps time resolution is required for an accurate measurement of the nuclear burn history. In this study, we propose a novel 1-ps time-resolution detection scheme based on the Pockels effect. In particular, a conceptual design for the experiment on the National Ignition Facility and OMEGA are elaborated upon herein. A small organic Pockels crystal "DAST" is designed to be positioned ∼5 mm from the ICF implosion, which is scanned by a chirped pulse generated by a femto-second laser transmitted through a polarization-maintained optical fiber. The originally linearly polarized laser is changed to an elliptically polarized laser by the Pockels crystal when exposed to neutrons, and the modulation of the polarization will be analyzed. Our study using 35-MeV electrons showed that the system impulse response is 0.6 ps. The response time is orders of magnitude shorter than current systems. Through measurements of the nuclear burn history with unprecedented time resolution, this system will help for a better understanding of the dynamics of the hot-spot formation, high-density fuel-shell assembly, and the physics of thermonuclear burn wave propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunobu Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Ota
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakajima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoki Shimizu
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sadashi Segawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Thanh Nhat Khoa Phan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Youichi Sakawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Alessio Morace
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seyed Reza Mirfayzi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akifumi Yogo
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kodama
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Kan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Johan Frenje
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Maria Gatu Johnson
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Arijit Bose
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Neel V Kabadi
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Graeme D Sutcliffe
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Patrick Adrian
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Chikang Li
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Fredrick H Séguin
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Richard Petrasso
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, NW16, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
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