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Yu M, Wu W, Ding Y, Liu Q, Ren F, Zhang Z, Zhou X. A Monte Carlo method for Rayleigh scattering in liquid detectors. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:113102. [PMID: 36461427 DOI: 10.1063/5.0119224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A new Monte Carlo method has been implemented to describe the angular and polarization distributions of anisotropic liquids, such as water and linear alkylbenzene (LAB), by considering orientational fluctuations of polarizability tensors. The scattered light of anisotropic liquids is depolarized with an angular distribution of 1 + (1 - ρv)/(1 + 3ρv) cos2 θ, which is modified by the depolarization ratio ρv. A standalone experiment has validated the simulation results of LAB. The new method can provide more accurate knowledge on light propagation in large liquid detectors, which is beneficial to the development of reconstruction for detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Yayun Ding
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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Yu M, Wu W, Peng N, Yu T, Ding Y, Liu Q, Ren F, Zhang Z, Zhou X. Measurements of Rayleigh ratios in linear alkylbenzene. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:063106. [PMID: 35778038 DOI: 10.1063/5.0091847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a new experimental setup designed for the direct measurement of the Rayleigh ratio and Rayleigh scattering length for linear alkylbenzene, a solvent commonly used in liquid scintillator detectors for neutrino experiments. Using the new approach, the perpendicularly polarized Rayleigh ratio was determined to be (4.52 ± 0.28) × 10-6 m-1 sr-1 at 405 nm and (3.82 ± 0.24) × 10-6 m-1 sr-1 at 432 nm, and the corresponding Rayleigh scattering length was LRay = 22.9 ± 0.3(stat.) ± 1.7(sys.) m at 405 nm and LRay = 27.0 ± 0.9(stat.) ± 1.8(sys.) m at 432 nm. These results are consistent with both previous results determined using other experimental strategies and theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Na Peng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Taozhe Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yayun Ding
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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Zhou X, Liu Q, Wurm M, Zhang Q, Ding Y, Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Zhou L, Cao J, Wang Y. Rayleigh scattering of linear alkylbenzene in large liquid scintillator detectors. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:073310. [PMID: 26233375 DOI: 10.1063/1.4927458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Rayleigh scattering poses an intrinsic limit for the transparency of organic liquid scintillators. This work focuses on the Rayleigh scattering length of linear alkylbenzene (LAB), which will be used as the solvent of the liquid scintillator in the central detector of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory. We investigate the anisotropy of the Rayleigh scattering in LAB, showing that the resulting Rayleigh scattering length will be significantly shorter than reported before. Given the same overall light attenuation, this will result in a more efficient transmission of photons through the scintillator, increasing the amount of light collected by the photosensors and thereby the energy resolution of the detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qian Liu
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Michael Wurm
- Institute of Physics and EC PRISMA, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Qingmin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yayun Ding
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yangheng Zheng
- School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yifang Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wurm M, Caccianiga B, D’Angelo D, Davini S, von Feilitzsch F, Göger-Neff M, Lachenmaier T, Lewke T, Lombardi P, Ludhova L, Meindl Q, Meroni E, Miramonti L, Möllenberg R, Oberauer L, Potzel W, Ranucci G, Tippmann M, Winter J. Search for modulations of the solarBe7flux in the next-generation neutrino observatory LENA. Int J Clin Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.83.032010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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