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Perspective on Some Recent and Future Developments in Casimir Interactions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a critical review of recent developments in Casimir physics motivated by discoveries of novel materials. Specifically, topologically nontrivial properties of the graphene family, Chern and topological insulators, and Weyl semimetals have diverse manifestations in the distance dependence, presence of fundamental constants, magnitude, and sign of the Casimir interaction. Limited studies of the role of nonlinear optical properties in the interaction are also reviewed. We show that, since many new materials have greatly enhanced the nonlinear optical response, new efficient pathways for investigation of the characteristic regimes of the Casimir force need to be explored, which are expected to lead to new discoveries. Recent progress in the dynamical Casimir effect is also reviewed and we argue that nonlinear media can open up new directions in this field as well.
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Dodonov VV. Dynamical Casimir effect in microwave cavities containing nonlinear crystals. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:214009. [PMID: 25965975 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/21/214009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
I consider a possibility of parametric amplification of the microwave vacuum field in a reentrant cavity enclosing a nonlinear crystal whose refractive index is modulated by periodic high-intensity short laser pulses. The main result is that the total number of created 'Casimir quanta' depends neither on the laser beam shape, nor on the duration or power of individual pulses, but it depends on the total energy of all the pulses, provided the duration of each pulse is much shorter than the period of field oscillations in the selected resonant mode. The scheme can be feasible if reliable materials with high nonlinear coefficients can be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Dodonov
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, PO Box 04455, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Antezza M, Braggio C, Carugno G, Noto A, Passante R, Rizzuto L, Ruoso G, Spagnolo S. Optomechanical Rydberg-atom excitation via dynamic Casimir-Polder coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:023601. [PMID: 25062178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.023601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We study the optomechanical coupling of a oscillating effective mirror with a Rydberg atomic gas, mediated by the dynamical atom-mirror Casimir-Polder force. This coupling may produce a near-field resonant atomic excitation whose probability scales as ∝(d(2)an(4)t)(2)/z(0)(8), where z(0) is the average atom-surface distance, d the atomic dipole moment, a the mirror's effective oscillation amplitude, n the initial principal quantum number, and t the time. We propose an experimental configuration to realize this system with a cold atom gas trapped at a distance ∼2×10 μm from a semiconductor substrate whose dielectric constant is periodically driven by an external laser pulse, hence realizing an effective mechanical mirror motion due to the periodic change of the substrate from transparent to reflecting. For a parabolic gas shape, this effect is predicted to excite about ∼10(2) atoms of a dilute gas of 10(3) trapped Rydberg atoms with n=75 after about 0.5 μs, which is high enough to be detected in typical Rydberg gas experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Antezza
- Université Montpellier 2, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and Institut Universitaire de France - 103, bd Saint-Michel, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Caterina Braggio
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Carugno
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá degli Studi di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy and INFN, Sezione di Padova, Via Francesco Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Noto
- Université Montpellier 2, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and CNRS, Laboratoire Charles Coulomb UMR 5221, F-34095 Montpellier, France and Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Passante
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Rizzuto
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruoso
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Viale dell'Universitá 2, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Salvatore Spagnolo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo and CNISM, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
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Braggio C, Borghesani AF. A contactless microwave-based diagnostic tool for high repetition rate laser systems. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:023105. [PMID: 24593347 DOI: 10.1063/1.4865717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel electro-optic device for the diagnostics of high repetition rate laser systems. It is composed of a microwave receiver and of a second order nonlinear crystal, whose irradiation with a train of short laser pulses produces a time-dependent polarization in the crystal itself as a consequence of optical rectification. This process gives rise to the emission of microwave radiation that is detected by a receiver and is analyzed to infer the repetition rate and intensity of the pulses. We believe that this new method may overcome some of the limitations of photodetection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Braggio
- Dip. di Fisica e Astronomia and INFN sez. di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A F Borghesani
- CNISM unit, Dip. di Fisica e Astronomia and INFN sez. di Padova, Via F. Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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Borghesani AF, Braggio C, Carugno G. Generation of microwave radiation by nonlinear interaction of a high-power, high-repetition rate, 1064 nm laser in KTiOPO4 crystals. OPTICS LETTERS 2013; 38:4465-4468. [PMID: 24177120 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.004465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of microwave (RF) generation in the centimeter band accomplished by irradiating a nonlinear KTiOPO4 crystal with a home-made, infrared laser at 1064 nm as a result of optical rectification. The laser delivers pulse trains of duration up to 1 μs. Each train consists of several high-intensity pulses at an adjustable repetition rate of approximately 4.6 GHz. The duration of the generated RF pulses is determined by that of the pulse trains. We have investigated both microwave- and second harmonic generation as a function of the laser intensity and of the orientation of the laser polarization with respect to the crystallographic axes of KTP.
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