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Lang M, Scholz R. On the Swelling of Polymer Network Strands. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400025. [PMID: 38323367 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Large scale computer simulations are employed to analyze the conformations of network strands in polymer networks at preparation conditions (characterized by a polymer volume fraction of ϕ0) and when swollen to equilibrium (characterized by a polymer volume fraction ϕ < ϕ0). Network strands in end-linked model networks are weakly stretched and partially swollen at preparation conditions as compared to linear polymers in the same solvent at ϕ0. Equilibrium swelling causes non-ideal chain conformations characterized by an effective scaling exponent approaching 7/10 on intermediate length scales for increasing overlap of the chains. The chain size in a network consists of a fluctuating and a time average "elastic" contribution. The elastic contribution swells essentially affinely ∝(ϕ0/ϕ)2/3, whereas the swelling of the fluctuating part lies between the expected swelling of the entanglement constraints and the swelling of non-cross-linked chains in a comparable semi-dilute solution. The total swelling of chain size results from the changes of both fluctuating and non-fluctuating contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lang
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Scholz
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Straße 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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2
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Shen Z, Carrillo JMY, Sumpter BG, Wang Y. Fingerprinting Brownian Motions of Polymers under Flow. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:057801. [PMID: 35960564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.057801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a quantitative approach to the self-dynamics of polymers under steady flow by employing a set of complementary reference frames and extending the spherical harmonic expansion technique to dynamic density correlations. Application of this method to nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of polymer melts reveals a number of universal features. For both unentangled and entangled melts, the center-of-mass motions in the flow frame are described by superdiffusive, anisotropic Gaussian distributions, whereas the isotropic component of monomer self-dynamics in the center-of-mass frame is strongly suppressed. Spatial correlation analysis shows that the heterogeneity of monomer self-dynamics increases significantly under flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Wang ZY, Kong D, Yang L, Ma H, Su F, Ito K, Liu Y, Wang X, Wang Z. Analysis of Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Spectra from Deformed Polymers with the Spherical Harmonic Expansion Method and a Network Model. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lincan Yang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Fengmei Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing & Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Kanae Ito
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6100, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6100, United States
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Lam CN, Xu WS, Chen WR, Wang Z, Stanley CB, Carrillo JMY, Uhrig D, Wang W, Hong K, Liu Y, Porcar L, Do C, Smith GS, Sumpter BG, Wang Y. Scaling Behavior of Anisotropy Relaxation in Deformed Polymers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:117801. [PMID: 30265084 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.117801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drawing an analogy to the paradigm of quasielastic neutron scattering, we present a general approach for quantitatively investigating the spatiotemporal dependence of structural anisotropy relaxation in deformed polymers by using small-angle neutron scattering. Experiments and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations on polymer melts over a wide range of molecular weights reveal that their conformational relaxation at relatively high momentum transfer Q and short time can be described by a simple scaling law, with the relaxation rate proportional to Q. This peculiar scaling behavior, which cannot be derived from the classical Rouse and tube models, is indicative of a surprisingly weak direct influence of entanglement on the microscopic mechanism of single-chain anisotropy relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N Lam
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Wen-Sheng Xu
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Wei-Ren Chen
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Christopher B Stanley
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Jan-Michael Y Carrillo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - David Uhrig
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Weiyu Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, B.P. 156, F-38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Changwoo Do
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Gregory S Smith
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Pyckhout-Hintzen W, Wischnewski A, Richter D. Mixtures of polymer architectures: Probing the structure and dynamics with neutron scattering. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Lenz S, Rühm A, Major J, Berger R, Gutmann JS. Softening of PMMA Brushes upon Collapse/Swelling Transition. A Combined Neutron Reflectivity and Nanomechanical Cantilever Sensor Study. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma1021715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lenz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian Rühm
- Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Janos Major
- Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstrasse 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochen S. Gutmann
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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Skliros A, Mark JE, Kloczkowski A. Small-Angle Neutron Scattering from Elastomeric Networks in which the Junctions Alternate Regularly in their Functionality. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.200900041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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8
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Urayama K, Yamamoto S, Tsujii Y, Fukuda T, Neher D. Elastic Properties of Well-Defined, High-Density Poly(methyl methacrylate) Brushes Studied by Electromechanical Interferometry. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0208279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Urayama
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan, and Institute of Physics, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Shinpei Yamamoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan, and Institute of Physics, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yoshinobu Tsujii
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan, and Institute of Physics, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Takeshi Fukuda
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan, and Institute of Physics, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dieter Neher
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-fu 611-0011, Japan, and Institute of Physics, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
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9
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Application of statistical mechanics to the analysis of various physical properties of elastomeric networks — a review. POLYMER 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Mergell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ralf Everaers
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Postfach 3148, D-55021 Mainz, Germany
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11
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Altenberger AR, Rosa E, Dahler JS. The static scattering function and optical birefringence of a deformed, ideal polymer chain. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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12
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Picot C. Polymer network structure as revealed by small angle neutron scattering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01188362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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