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Vidal J, Cébron D. Acoustic modes of rapidly rotating ellipsoids subject to centrifugal gravity. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 150:1467. [PMID: 34470306 DOI: 10.1121/10.0005909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The acoustic modes of a rotating fluid-filled cavity can be used to determine the effective rotation rate of a fluid (since the resonant frequencies are modified by the flows). To be accurate, this method requires a prior knowledge of the acoustic modes in rotating fluids. Contrary to the Coriolis force, centrifugal gravity has received much less attention in the experimental context. Motivated by on-going experiments in rotating ellipsoids, we study how global rotation and buoyancy modify the acoustic modes of fluid-filled ellipsoids in isothermal (or isentropic) hydrostatic equilibrium. We go beyond the standard acoustic equation, which neglects solid-body rotation and gravity, by deriving an exact wave equation for the acoustic velocity. We then solve the wave problem using a polynomial spectral method in ellipsoids, which is compared with finite-element solutions of the primitive fluid-dynamic equations. We show that the centrifugal acceleration has measurable effects on the acoustic frequencies when MΩ≳0.3, where MΩ is the rotational Mach number defined as the ratio of the sonic and rotational time scales. Such a regime can be reached with experiments rotating at a few tens of Hz by replacing air with a highly compressible gas (e.g., SF6 or C4F8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Vidal
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - David Cébron
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, 38000, Grenoble, France
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Medjdoub A, Lefebvre F, Saad N, Soudani S, Nassar G. Acoustic concept based on an autonomous capsule and a wideband concentric ring resonator for pathophysiological prevention. Artif Intell Med Imaging 2020; 1:50-64. [DOI: 10.35711/aimi.v1.i1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the performance of elements constituting our modern environment is constantly evolving, both on a daily basis and on technological basis. But to date, the response of the system to the expectations of the population remains too modest.
AIM To elaborate an ultrasonic technique to scan and evaluate in-vivo physiological properties by coupling sensors and multilayer biological tissues model.
METHODS A low-frequency ultrasonic method (around a frequency of 32 KHz) based on the use of an innovative autonomous ultrasonic capsule as a miniaturized elementary spherical sensor (1 cm of diameter) and micro-rings resonators were examined.
RESULTS Other their functions as passive listeners for the prevention and diagnosis in physiopathology of the respiratory and laryngeal apparatus, these micro-resonators coupled to the ultrasonic capsule through biological tissues (the body) are capable of evaluating the effects of aggression of the environment on human metabolism.
CONCLUSION This would allow consequently the detection of some potential diseases at an early stage, even in people who still represent no symptoms, which would permit an early treatment and a higher chance of cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Medjdoub
- Institute of Electronic, Microelectronic and Nanotechnology, Department of Opto-Acousto-Electronic, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59652, France
| | - Fabrice Lefebvre
- Institute of Electronic, Microelectronic and Nanotechnology, Department of Opto-Acousto-Electronic, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59652, France
| | - Nadine Saad
- Department of Physics, Université Libanaise-Faculté des Sciensces, Beyrouth 1000, Lebanon
| | - Saïd Soudani
- Signal Processing Department, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie d'Oran, Oran 31000, Algeria
| | - Georges Nassar
- Institute of Electronic, Microelectronic and Nanotechnology, Department of Opto-Acousto-Electronic, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59652, France
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Sharipov F, Moldover MR. Energy accommodation coefficient extracted from acoustic resonator experiments. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. A, VACUUM, SURFACES, AND FILMS : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOCIETY 2016; 34:061604. [PMID: 28970648 PMCID: PMC5621611 DOI: 10.1116/1.4966620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We review values of the temperature jump coefficient ζT determined from measurements of the acoustic resonance frequencies facoust of helium-filled and argon-filled, spherical cavities near ambient temperature. We combine these values of ζT with literature data for tangential momentum accommodation coefficient (TMAC) and the Cercignani-Lampis model of the gas-surface interaction to obtain measurement-derived values of the normal energy accommodation coefficient (NEAC). We found that NEAC ranges from 0 to 0.1 for helium and from 0.61 to 0.85 for argon at ambient temperature for several different surfaces. We suggest that measurements of facoust of gas-filled, cylindrical cavities and of the non-radial modes of quasi-spherical cavities might separately determine TMAC and NEAC. Alternatively, TMAC and NEAC could be determined by measuring the heat transfer and momentum transfer between parallel rotating discs at low pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sharipov
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Michael R Moldover
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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Underwood R, de Podesta M, Sutton G, Stanger L, Rusby R, Harris P, Morantz P, Machin G. Estimates of the difference between thermodynamic temperature and the International Temperature Scale of 1990 in the range 118 K to 303 K. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2016; 374:20150048. [PMID: 26903104 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using exceptionally accurate measurements of the speed of sound in argon, we have made estimates of the difference between thermodynamic temperature, T, and the temperature estimated using the International Temperature Scale of 1990, T90, in the range 118 K to 303 K. Thermodynamic temperature was estimated using the technique of relative primary acoustic thermometry in the NPL-Cranfield combined microwave and acoustic resonator. Our values of (T-T90) agree well with most recent estimates, but because we have taken data at closely spaced temperature intervals, the data reveal previously unseen detail. Most strikingly, we see undulations in (T-T90) below 273.16 K, and the discontinuity in the slope of (T-T90) at 273.16 K appears to have the opposite sign to that previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Underwood
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
| | - M de Podesta
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
| | - G Sutton
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
| | - L Stanger
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
| | - R Rusby
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
| | - P Harris
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
| | - P Morantz
- School of Applied Sciences, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - G Machin
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington TW11 0LW, UK
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Dubberke FH, Rasche DB, Baumhögger E, Vrabec J. Apparatus for the measurement of the speed of sound of ammonia up to high temperatures and pressures. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:084901. [PMID: 25173297 DOI: 10.1063/1.4891795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An apparatus for the measurement of the speed of sound based on the pulse-echo technique is presented. It operates up to a temperature of 480 K and a pressure of 125 MPa. After referencing and validating the apparatus with water, it is applied to liquid ammonia between 230 and 410 K up to a pressure of 124 MPa. Speed of sound data are presented with an uncertainty between 0.02% and 0.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frithjof H Dubberke
- Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik und Energietechnik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - David B Rasche
- Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik und Energietechnik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Elmar Baumhögger
- Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik und Energietechnik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Jadran Vrabec
- Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik und Energietechnik, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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Gillis KA, Shinder II, Moldover MR. Bulk viscosity of stirred xenon near the critical point. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2005; 72:051201. [PMID: 16383593 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.72.051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We deduce the thermophysical properties of near-critical xenon from measurements of the frequencies and half-widths of the acoustic resonances of xenon maintained at its critical density in centimeter-sized cavities. In the reduced temperature range 1 x 10-3<(T-Tc)/Tc<7 x 10 (-6), we measured the resonance frequency and quality factor (Q) for each of six modes spanning a factor of 27 in frequency. As Tc was approached, the frequencies decreased by a factor of 2.2 and the Q's decreased by as much as a factor of 140. Remarkably, these results are predicted (within +/-2% of the frequency and within a factor of 1.4 of Q) by a model for the resonator and a model for the frequency-dependent bulk viscosity zeta(omega) that uses no empirically determined parameters. The resonator model is based on a theory of acoustics in near-critical fluids developed by Gillis, Shinder, and Moldover [Phys. Rev. E 70, 021201 (2004)]. In addition to describing the present low-frequency data (from 120 Hz to 7.5 kHz), the model for zeta(omega) is consistent with ultrasonic (0.4--7 MHz) velocity and attenuation data from the literature. However, the model predicts a peak in the temperature dependence of the dissipation in the boundary layer that we did not detect. This suggests that the model overestimates the effect of the bulk viscosity on the thermal boundary layer. In this work, the acoustic cavities were heated from below to stir the xenon, thereby reducing the density stratification resulting from Earth's gravity. The stirring reduced the apparent equilibration time from several hours to a few minutes, and it reduced the effective temperature resolution from 60 mK to approximately 2 mK, which corresponds to (T-Tc)/Tc approximately =7 x 10(-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Gillis
- Process Measurements Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8360, USA
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Hale T, Asaki T. Optical resonant ultrasound spectroscopy for fluid properties measurement. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2001; 48:879-885. [PMID: 11477779 DOI: 10.1109/58.935704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The properties of fluids are studied using unusually small containment spherical resonators. Proper identification of resonant fluid signatures allows determination of pressure and density of the internal gas with great accuracy using an appropriate equation of state (EOS). Low noise and high sensitivity detection of vibration are critical parameters to characterizing the contained gas when its pressure approaches 1 atm or less. The benefits of using spherical resonators to determine fluid properties are discussed, and some example calculations of sound speed are presented. In addition to measuring fluids, a comparative experimental approach is taken to explore and, eventually, to optimize vibration detection. In the experiments, two detection methods, a contact piezoelectric transducer (PZT) device and a non-contact optical device, are compared simultaneously and quantitatively. This is done in a unique manner without change in vibration coupling to the sample between tests. A commercially available resonant ultrasound spectroscopy system is used as the contact system, while another commercial device (used as the non-contact vibration detector) combined with the same excitation source (used in the contact system) comprises the other system. The non-contact detector is an optical interferometric receiver that provides adaptation to optically rough surfaces and high sensitivity to acoustic displacements through optical interference in photorefractive GaAs. Both vibration detection systems are compared with particular emphasis on displacement sensitivity, frequency response, and noise level. Furthermore, the results from comparing detection modalities are presented, and their effects on fluid properties measurement are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hale
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Measurement Technology, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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Kollár-Hunek K, Láng-Lázi M, Almásy G, Kemény S, Viczián Z, Berente I. Thermodynamic consistency tests and their special software problems. Comput Chem Eng 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0098-1354(99)80088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kordikowski A, Robertson DG, Aguiar-Ricardo AI, Popov VK, Howdle SM, Poliakoff M. Probing Vapor/Liquid Equilibria of Near-Critical Binary Gas Mixtures by Acoustic Measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp960010f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vladimir K. Popov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Steven M. Howdle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Martyn Poliakoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Goodwin ARH, Moldover MR. Thermophysical properties of gaseous refrigerants from speed of sound measurements. I. Apparatus, model, and results for 1,1,1,2‐tetrafluoroethane R134a. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ewing MB, Trusler JPM. Speeds of sound in CF4 between 175 and 300 K measured with a spherical resonator. J Chem Phys 1989. [DOI: 10.1063/1.456165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Karbach A, Hess P. High precision acoustic spectroscopy by laser excitation of resonator modes. J Chem Phys 1985. [DOI: 10.1063/1.449470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Johnson RH, Gerlach R, Thomas Iii LJ, Amer NM. Loss mechanisms in resonant spectrophones. APPLIED OPTICS 1982; 21:81-89. [PMID: 20372405 DOI: 10.1364/ao.21.000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Quality factors and resonant frequencies of a resonant spectrophone have been measured as a function of pressure and the results compared to theoretical predictions which took into account classical surface and volumetric losses and molecular relaxation. Buffer gases investigated included the five noble gases, H(2), N(2), O(2), CO(2), N(2)O, and SF(6). Typically 95% of the cavity losses were accounted for theoretically. Frequency shifts due to relaxational dispersion, nonideal gas behavior, and classical boundary layer effects were observed; all behaved as predicted by theory.
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