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Gupta N, Jayaraman A. Computational approach for structure generation of anisotropic particles (CASGAP) with targeted distributions of particle design and orientational order. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14958-14970. [PMID: 37656010 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02425c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The macroscopic properties of materials are governed by their microscopic structure which depends on the materials' composition (i.e., building blocks) and processing conditions. In many classes of synthetic, bioinspired, or natural soft and/or nanomaterials, one can find structural anisotropy in the microscopic structure due to anisotropic building blocks and/or anisotropic domains formed through the processing conditions. Experimental characterization and complementary physics-based or data-driven modeling of materials' structural anisotropy are critical for understanding structure-property relationships and enabling targeted design of materials with desired macroscopic properties. In this pursuit, to interpret experimentally obtained characterization results (e.g., scattering profiles) of soft materials with structural anisotropy using data-driven computational approaches, there is a need for creating real space three-dimensional structures of the designer soft materials with realistic physical features (e.g., dispersity in building block sizes) and anisotropy (i.e., aspect ratios of the building blocks, their orientational and positional order). These real space structures can then be used to compute and complement experimentally obtained characterization results or be used as initial configurations for physics-based simulations/calculations that can then provide training data for machine learning models. To address this need, we present a new computational approach called CASGAP - Computational Approach for Structure Generation of Anisotropic Particles - for generating any desired three dimensional real-space structure of anisotropic building blocks (modeled as particles) adhering to target distributions of particle shape, size, and positional and orientational order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitant Gupta
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 Dupont Hall, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Zhbanov A, Yang S. Electrochemical Impedance Characterization of Blood Cell Suspensions. Part 1: Basic Theory and Application to Two-Phase Systems. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2020; 67:2965-2978. [PMID: 32078529 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.2974480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical impedance spectra of composite materials contain information on the topological arrangement, volume fraction, and shape of particles, as well as the dielectric properties of the matrix and particles. The objective of this study is to investigate how these parameters affect the dielectric spectrum and what reliable information can be extracted from experimental data. The main attention was focused on systems with dielectric behavior similar to that of human blood. Mostly plasma and erythrocytes determine the dielectric properties of whole blood. Erythrocytes suspended in plasma can be considered as three-phase systems with single-shelled particles. A theoretical approach based on the effective medium theory is developed for calculating the effective permittivity and conductivity of three-phase composites at a wide frequency range (from 0 to 1 GHz). A finite-difference method is applied to model three-dimensional periodic structures. A special case of two-phase materials is used to demonstrate the influence of the shape and arrangement of particles on dielectric properties. Theoretical and numerical approaches are applied to two-phase composites with spherical, spheroidal and biconcave particles and are compared with each other and with published data. It is shown that two-phase composites exhibit only β-dispersion. In contrast to the quasi-static limit, the wide-bandwidth impedance spectroscopy makes it possible to distinguish between disordered and regular arrangements of spheroidal and biconcave particles. The results can be used to analyze the dielectric properties of blood, which is very promising for various medical applications. This study of two-phase composites can be further extended to three-phase composites.
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Dorosz S, Shegokar N, Schilling T, Oettel M. Strong effect of weak charging in suspensions of anisotropic colloids. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:4717-4724. [PMID: 24851924 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00612g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Suspensions of hard colloidal particles frequently serve as model systems in studies on fundamental aspects of phase transitions. But often colloidal particles that are considered as "hard" are in fact weakly charged. If the colloids are spherical, weak charging has only a weak effect on the structural properties of the suspension, which can be easily corrected for. However, this does not hold for anisotropic particles. We introduce a model for the interaction potential between charged ellipsoids of revolution (spheroids) based on the Derjaguin approximation of Debye-Hückel theory and present a computer simulation study on aspects of the system's structural properties and phase behaviour. In line with previous experimental observations, we find that even a weak surface charge has a strong impact on the correlation functions. A likewise strong impact is seen on the phase behaviour, in particular, we find stable cubatic order in suspensions of oblate ellipsoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Dorosz
- Université du Luxembourg, Theory of Soft Condensed Matter, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
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Dorosz S, Schilling T. Crystallization in glassy suspensions of hard ellipsoids. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:124508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4821813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Cohen AP, Janai E, Rapaport DC, Schofield AB, Sloutskin E. Structure and interactions in fluids of prolate colloidal ellipsoids: Comparison between experiment, theory, and simulation. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:184505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4765100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Zhang Z, Guo H. The phase behavior, structure, and dynamics of rodlike mesogens with various flexibility using dissipative particle dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:144911. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3503602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Berardi R, Muccioli L, Orlandi S, Ricci M, Zannoni C. Computer simulations of biaxial nematics. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2008; 20:463101. [PMID: 21693834 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/46/463101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biaxial nematic (N(b)) liquid crystals are a fascinating condensed matter phase that has baffled, for more than thirty years, scientists engaged in the challenge of demonstrating its actual existence, and which has only recently been experimentally found. During this period computer simulations of model N(b) have played an important role, both in providing the basic physical properties to be expected from these systems, and in giving clues about the molecular features essential for the thermodynamic stability of N(b) phases. However, simulation studies are expected to be even more crucial in the future for unravelling the structural features of biaxial mesogens at the molecular level, and for helping in the design and optimization of devices towards the technological deployment of N(b) materials. This review article gives an overview of the simulation work performed so far, and relying on the recent experimental findings, focuses on the still unanswered questions which will determine the future challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Berardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica, and INSTM-CRIMSON, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Lintuvuori JS, Wilson MR. A new anisotropic soft-core model for the simulation of liquid crystal mesophases. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:044906. [PMID: 18247999 DOI: 10.1063/1.2825292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A new anisotropic soft-core model is presented, which is suitable for the rapid simulation of liquid crystal mesophases. The potential is based on a soft spherocylinder, which can be easily tuned to favor different liquid crystal mesophases. The soft-core nature of the potential makes it suitable for long-time step molecular dynamics or dissipative particle dynamics simulations, particularly as a reference model for mesogens or as an anisotropic solvent for use in combination with atomistic models. Results are presented for two variants of the new potential, which show different mesophase behaviors. Variants of the potential can also be linked together to produce more complicated molecular structures. Here, as an example, results are provided for a model multipedal liquid crystal, which has eight liquid crystalline groups linked to a central core via semiflexible chains. Here, despite the complexity of molecular structure, the model succeeds in showing the spontaneous formation of a liquid crystal phase. The results also demonstrate that there is a very strong coupling between the internal structure of the multipedal mesogen and the molecular order of the phase, with the mesogen spontaneously undergoing major structural rearrangement at the transition to the liquid crystal phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho S Lintuvuori
- Department of Chemistry, University Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Application and New Developments in Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Simulation Studies. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.200700008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Allen MP, Evans GT, Frenkel D, Mulder BM. Hard Convex Body Fluids. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141458.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Wilson MR. Molecular simulation of liquid crystals: progress towards a better understanding of bulk structure and the prediction of material properties. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 36:1881-8. [DOI: 10.1039/b612799c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Moradi M, Khordad R. Direct correlation functions of binary mixtures of hard Gaussian overlap molecules. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:214504. [PMID: 17166030 DOI: 10.1063/1.2400856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the direct correlation function (DCF) of a classical fluid mixture of nonspherical molecules. The components of the mixture are two types of hard ellipsoidal molecules with different elongations, interacting through the hard Gaussian overlap (HGO) model. Two different approaches are used to calculate the DCFs of this fluid, and the results are compared. Here, the Pynn approximation [J. Chem. Phys. 60, 4579 (1974)] is extended to calculate the DCF of the binary mixtures of HGO molecules, then we use a formalism based on the weighted density functional theory introduced by Chamoux and Perera [J. Chem. Phys. 104, 1493 (1996)]. These results are fairly in agreement with each other. The pressure of this system is also calculated using the Fourier zero components of the DCF. The results are in agreement with the Monte Carlo molecular simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Moradi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Tang
- a Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon , 97331 , USA
| | - Glenn T. Evans
- a Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon , 97331 , USA
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Abstract
A Stokes-Einstein relation, relating the shear viscosity eta to the self-diffusion coefficient D, is constructed for a classical fluid subject to an effective two-body intermolecular force, derived from a square-well potential, undergoing dynamics as described by a Smoluchowski equation for pair diffusion. The time correlation functions for eta and 1D are separated into contributions from delta function, hard-sphere forces, and from delta function, square-well soft forces. Furthermore, D is separated into its two- and three-body time correlation functions, and eta into its two- to four-body terms. D shows activated diffusion, as in Arrhenius behavior, and on the level of two-body dynamics, the Deta product adheres to the Stokes-Einstein relation, subject to a small correction for potential softness. Three-body time correlation functions increase D, whereas three- and four-body correlation functions in eta are partially offsetting. The deviation of Deta product from the Stokes-Einstein law arises from the three-body time correlations functions in D.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Nigra
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 97331, USA
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Barrio C, Solana JR. Equation of state for fluid mixtures of hard spheres and heteronuclear hard dumbbells. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Adamczyk Z, Weroński P. Density fluctuations in irreversible adsorption processes: Hard ellipses in two dimensions. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Adamczyk Z, Weroński P. Random sequential adsorption of spheroidal particles: Kinetics and jamming limit. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Singh GS, Kumar B. Geometry of hard ellipsoidal fluids and their virial coefficients. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Singh GS, Prasad N, Kumar B. Transport properties of a binary gas mixture of molecules with internal energy. II. Thermal conductivity. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Singh GS, Kumar B. Transport properties of a binary gas mixture of molecules with internal energy. I. Shear and volume viscosities. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Maeso MJ, Solana JR. Equation of state for fluids of hard heteronuclear diatomic and symmetric triatomic molecules. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Maeso M, Solana J. Equation of state for two-dimensional fluids with hard cyclicn-mer molecules. Mol Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979500102811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Quintana J. Inhomogeneous hard homonuclear molecules. Mol Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979500102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Henderson D, Quintana J, Sokol/owski S. A comparison of integral equations and density functional theory versus Monte Carlo for hard dumbbells near a hard wall. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ricci SM, Talbot J, Tarjus G, Viot P. A structural comparison of random sequential adsorption and equilibrium configurations of spherocylinders. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tang S, Evans GT. Self‐diffusion in isotropic and nematic phases of highly elongated hard particles. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.464720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Quintana J, Henderson D, Haymet ADJ. Orientation of a molecular fluid next to a hard wall: The Percus–Yevick theory. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.464312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Song Y, Mason EA. Analytical equation of state for molecular fluids: Kihara model for rodlike molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1990; 42:4743-4748. [PMID: 9904582 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.42.4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Talbot J, Perera A, Patey G. A comparison between molecular-dynamics and theoretical results for the structure of fluids of hard ellipsoids. Mol Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1080/00268979000101001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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