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Nautiyal VV, Devi S, Tyagi A, Vidhani B, Maan A, Prasad V. Orientation and Alignment dynamics of polar molecule driven by shaped laser pulses. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 256:119663. [PMID: 33827039 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We review the theoretical status of intense laser induced orientation and alignment-a field of study which lies at the interface of intense laser physics and chemical dynamics and having potential applications such as high harmonic generation, nano-scale processing and control of chemical reactions. The evolution of the rotational wave packet and its dynamics leading to orientation and alignment is the topic of the present discussion. The major part of this article primarily presents an overview of recent theoretical progress in controlling the orientation and alignment dynamics of a molecule by means of shaped laser pulses. The various theoretical approaches that lead to orientation and alignment such as static electrostatic field in combination with laser field(s), combination of orienting and aligning field, combination of aligning fields, combination of orienting fields, application of train of pulses etc. are discussed. It is observed that the train of pulses is quite an efficient tool for increasing the orientation or alignment of a molecule without causing the molecule to ionize. The orientation and alignment both can occur in adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions with the rotational period of the molecule taken under consideration. The discussion is mostly limited to non-adiabatic rotational excitation (NAREX) i.e. cases in which the pulse duration is shorter than the rotational period of the molecule. We have emphasised on the so called half-cycle pulse (HCP) and square pulse (SQP). The effect of ramped pulses and of collision on the various laser parameters is also studied. We summarize the current discussion by presenting a consistent theoretical approach for describing the action of such pulses on movement of molecules. The impact of a particular pulse shape on the post-pulse dynamics is also calculated and analysed. In addition to this, the roles played by various laser parameters including the laser frequency, the pulse duration and the system temperature etc. are illustrated and discussed. The concept of alignment is extended from one-dimensional alignment to three-dimensional alignment with the proper choice of molecule and the polarised light. We conclude the article by discussing the potential applications of intense laser orientation and alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijit V Nautiyal
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sumana Devi
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Department of Physics, Miranda House College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Physics, Swami Shradhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110036, India
| | - Bhavna Vidhani
- Department of Physics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anjali Maan
- Department of Physics, Pt.N.R.S.G.C.Rohtak, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vinod Prasad
- Department of Physics, Swami Shradhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110036, India.
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Sarkar C, Bhattacharya R, Bhattacharyya SS, Saha S. Population transfer to excited vibrational levels of H2 molecule by stimulated hyper-Raman passage with chirped laser pulses. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:104304. [PMID: 17867744 DOI: 10.1063/1.2775448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have theoretically investigated the population transfer from the initial ground rovibrational level v(g)=0, J(g)=0 to the final rovibrational levels v(f)=1,2, J(f)=0 of the ground electronic state X (1)Sigma(g) (+) via the resonant intermediate level v(i)=6, J(i)=0 of the excited electronic state EF (1)Sigma(g) (+) of H(2) molecule by (2+2)-photon stimulated hyper-Raman passage (STIHRP). The density matrix technique has been employed to evaluate the population transfer to the final target levels using linearly chirped pump and Stokes laser pulses with different chirp rates. Both the pulses are considered to have the same temporal shape, pulse width, and linear parallel polarizations. We have studied in detail the dependence of the population transfer on the set of laser parameters for pulse (peak) intensities in the ranges of 1.5 x 10(11)-1.0 x 10(12) and 1.0 x 10(12)-7.0 x 10(12) W/cm(2). The corresponding pulse widths (full width at half maximum) are of the order of 115-200 and 15-30 ps. We have found that the chirp rate parameters can be optimized to achieve almost complete population transfer from the ground (g) to the final (f) target levels. This, to our knowledge, is the first application of a (2+2)-photon STIHRP process with chirpings to a model molecular system (H(2)). The study demonstrates the suitability of the chirped (2+2)-photon STIHRP technique for selective and almost total inversion of vibrational population in a diatomic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitrakshya Sarkar
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Section, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Band Y, Kallush S, Baer R. Rotational aspects of short-pulse population transfer in diatomic molecules. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
There has been much progress in the control of chemical reactions since methods of active control were first proposed by Brumer & Shapiro and by Tannor & Rice ten years ago. This chapter reviews both theoretical and experimental advances in the field. Control schemes based on quantum mechanical interference between competing paths and the manipulation of wave packets with tailored laser pulses are discussed. The theory of optimal control, the limitations of control theory applied to many-body dynamics, and the effects of constraints on the trajectory of the controlled observable are presented. Experimental progress in controlling the population of specific quantum states, in manipulating the dynamics of bound wave packets, and in the control of chemical reactions are reviewed, and current problems in the field are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Gordon
- Department of Chemistry (m/c 111), University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7061, USA.
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Nagaya K, Teranishi Y, Nakamura H. Control of molecular processes by a sequence of linearly chirped pulses. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1518003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sen S, Ghosh S, Bhattacharyya SS, Saha S. Rotational branching in population transfer in H2 by chirped adiabatic Raman passage. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1425822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ohta Y, Bando T, Yoshimoto T, Nishi K, Nagao H, Nishikawa K. Control of Intramolecular Proton Transfer by a Laser Field. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ohta
- Department of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - T. Bando
- Department of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - T. Yoshimoto
- Department of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - K. Nishi
- Department of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - H. Nagao
- Department of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - K. Nishikawa
- Department of Computational Science, Faculty of Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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Manz J, Naundorf H, Yamashita K, Zhao Y. Quantum model simulation of complete S0→S1 population transfer by means of intense laser pulses with opposite chirp. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1319347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Rickes T, Yatsenko LP, Steuerwald S, Halfmann T, Shore BW, Vitanov NV, Bergmann K. Efficient adiabatic population transfer by two-photon excitation assisted by a laser-induced Stark shift. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mishima K, Yamashita K. A theoretical study on laser control of a molecular nonadiabatic process by ultrashort chirped laser pulses. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Shore BW, Martin J, Fewell MP, Bergmann K. Coherent population transfer in multilevel systems with magnetic sublevels. I. Numerical studies. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:566-582. [PMID: 9912281 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Arrivo SM, Dougherty TP, Grubbs W, Heilweil EJ. Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy of vibrational CO-stretch up-pumping and relaxation dynamics of W(CO)6. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00124-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Czub J, Miklaszewski W. Interaction of a strong laser pulse with the S1/2-P1/2,3/2 system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 51:1482-1489. [PMID: 9911734 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.51.1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Band YB, Magnes O. Is adiabatic passage population transfer a solution to an optimal control problem? J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Melinger JS, Gandhi SR, Hariharan A, Goswami D, Warren WS. Adiabatic population transfer with frequency‐swept laser pulses. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Band YB, Magnes O. Chirped adiabatic passage with temporally delayed pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1994; 50:584-594. [PMID: 9910929 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.50.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Schiemann S, Kuhn A, Steuerwald S, Bergmann K. Efficient coherent population transfer in NO molecules using pulsed lasers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 71:3637-3640. [PMID: 10055034 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.3637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Band YB. Chirped-light-field atomic-beam splitter for atom interferometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1993; 47:4970-4974. [PMID: 9909528 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.4970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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