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Bazsó G, Csonka IP, Góbi S, Tarczay G. VIZSLA-Versatile Ice Zigzag Sublimation Setup for Laboratory Astrochemistry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:124104. [PMID: 34972403 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a new multi-functional high-vacuum astrophysical ice setup, VIZSLA (Versatile Ice Zigzag Sublimation Setup for Laboratory Astrochemistry), is introduced. The instrument allows for the investigation of astrophysical processes both in a low-temperature para-H2 matrix and in astrophysical analog ices. In the para-H2 matrix, the reaction of astrochemical molecules with H atoms and H+ ions can be studied effectively. For the investigation of astrophysical analog ices, the setup is equipped with various irradiation and particle sources: an electron gun for modeling cosmic rays, an H atom beam source, a microwave H atom lamp for generating H Lyman-α radiation, and a tunable (213-2800 nm) laser source. For analysis, an FT-IR (and a UV-visible) spectrometer and a quadrupole mass analyzer are available. The setup has two cryostats, offering novel features for analysis. Upon the so-called temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), the molecules, desorbing from the substrate of the first cryogenic head, can be mixed with Ar and can be deposited onto the substrate of the other cryogenic head. The efficiency of the redeposition was measured to be between 8% and 20% depending on the sample and the redeposition conditions. The well-resolved spectrum of the molecules isolated in an Ar matrix serves a unique opportunity to identify the desorbing products of a processed ice. Some examples are provided to show how the para-H2 matrix experiments and the TPD-matrix-isolation recondensation experiments can help understand astrophysically important chemical processes at low temperatures. It is also discussed how these experiments can complement the studies carried out by using similar astrophysical ice setups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Bazsó
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Pál Csonka
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Góbi
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Tarczay
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Laboratory Astrochemistry Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
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2
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Tahsildaran F FS, Moore B, Bashiri T, Otani H, Djuricanin P, Malekfar R, Farahbod AH, Momose T. VUV photochemistry and nuclear spin conversion of water and water-orthohydrogen complexes in parahydrogen crystals at 4 K. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4094-4106. [PMID: 33586746 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04523c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Samples of H2O, HDO, and D2O were isolated in solid parahydrogen (pH2) matrices and irradiated by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation at 147 nm. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed a clear depletion of D2O and an enrichment of both HDO and H2O by 147 nm irradiation. These irradiation-dependent changes are attributed to the production of OH and/or OD radicals through photodissociations of H2O, HDO, and D2O. The radicals subsequently react with the hydrogen matrix, leading to the observed enrichment of H2O. No trace of isolated OH or OD was detected in the FTIR spectra, indicating that the OH/OD radicals react with the surrounding matrix hydrogen molecules via quantum tunneling within our experimental timescale. The observed temporal changes in concentrations, especially the increase of HDO concentration during VUV irradiation, can be interpreted by a model with a rapid conversion from orthohydrogen (oH2) to pH2 in water-oH2 complexes upon VUV photodissociation, indicating either the acceleration of the nuclear spin conversion (NSC) of H2 due to the magnetic moment of the intermediate OH/OD radical, or the preferential reaction of the OH/OD radical with a nearby oH2 molecule over other pH2 molecules. We have also identified and quantified an anomalously slow NSC of H2O and D2O complexed with oH2 in solid pH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh S Tahsildaran F
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. and Atomic and Molecular Physics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Brendan Moore
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Termeh Bashiri
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Hatsuki Otani
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Pavle Djuricanin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Rasoul Malekfar
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Farahbod
- Research School of Plasma Physics and Nuclear Fusion, Research Institute of Nuclear Sciences and Technologies, AEOI, Tehran, Iran
| | - Takamasa Momose
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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High Temperature Aqueous Solvent Effect on Stretching Vibrations of the Hydroxyl Radical – MD Simulation Study of Spectral Shifts and Hydrogen Bond Statistics. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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4
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Ryazantsev SV, Duarte L, Feldman VI, Khriachtchev L. VUV photochemistry of the H2O⋯CO complex in noble-gas matrices: formation of the OH⋯CO complex and the HOCO radical. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:356-365. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06954a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
VUV photolysis of the H2O⋯CO complexes leads to the formation of the OH⋯CO radical–molecule complexes and trans-HOCO radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Ryazantsev
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russia
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Luís Duarte
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Helsinki
- FI-00014 Helsinki
- Finland
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5
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Krupa J, Wierzejewska M. New aspects of UV photolysis of hydrogen peroxide. Nitrogen matrix isolation FTIR and theoretical studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Khriachtchev L. Matrix-isolation studies of noncovalent interactions: more sophisticated approaches. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:2735-46. [PMID: 25679775 DOI: 10.1021/jp512005h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions are crucial for many physical, chemical, and biological phenomena. Matrix isolation is a powerful method to study noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen-bonded species, and it has been extensively used in this field. However, there are difficult situations, such as in the case of species that are impossible to prepare in the gas phase. In this article, we describe some advanced approaches allowing studies of complexes that are problematic for the traditional methods. Photolysis of a suitable precursor in a matrix can lead to a large concentration of 1:1 complexes, which are otherwise very difficult to prepare (e.g., the H2O···O complex). Photolysis of species combined with annealing can lead to complexes of molecules with mobile atoms (e.g., the same H2O···O complex). Simultaneous photolysis of two species combined with annealing can produce complexes of radicals via reactions of the photogenerated complexes with mobile atoms (e.g., the H2O···HCO complex). Interaction of noble-gas (Ng) hydrides with other species is another topic (e.g., the N2···HArF complex) and very large blue shifts of the H-Ng stretching modes are normally observed for these systems. Complexes and dimers of the higher-energy conformer of formic acid have been prepared by using selective vibrational excitation of the ground-state conformer. The higher-energy conformer of formic acid can be efficiently stabilized in the complexes with strong hydrogen bonding. We also consider some problematic cases when the changes in the vibrational frequencies of the 1:1 complexes are very small (e.g., the phenol···Xe complex) and when the complex formation is prevented by strong solvation in the matrix (e.g., species in solid xenon).
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Khriachtchev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Czégény G, Wu M, Dér A, Eriksson LA, Strid Å, Hideg É. Hydrogen peroxide contributes to the ultraviolet-B (280-315 nm) induced oxidative stress of plant leaves through multiple pathways. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2255-61. [PMID: 24846142 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Solar UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation is a developmental signal in plants but may also cause oxidative stress when combined with other environmental factors. Using computer modeling and in solution experiments we show that UV-B is capable of photosensitizing hydroxyl radical production from hydrogen peroxide. We present evidence that the oxidative effect of UV-B in leaves is at least twofold: (i) it increases cellular hydrogen peroxide concentrations, to a larger extent in pyridoxine antioxidant mutant pdx1.3-1 Arabidopsis and; (ii) is capable of a partial photo-conversion of both 'natural' and 'extra' hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radicals. As stress conditions other than UV can increase cellular hydrogen peroxide levels, synergistic deleterious effects of various stresses may be expected already under ambient solar UV-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Czégény
- Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - András Dér
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Leif A Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Åke Strid
- Örebro Life Science Centre, School of Science & Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Éva Hideg
- Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
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8
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Hama T, Watanabe N. Surface Processes on Interstellar Amorphous Solid Water: Adsorption, Diffusion, Tunneling Reactions, and Nuclear-Spin Conversion. Chem Rev 2013; 113:8783-839. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4000978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hama
- Institute of Low Temperature
Science, Hokkaido University, N19W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0819, Japan
| | - Naoki Watanabe
- Institute of Low Temperature
Science, Hokkaido University, N19W8 Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0819, Japan
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9
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Photochemical reaction processes during vacuum-ultraviolet irradiation of water ice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Sałdyka M. Photodecomposition of N-hydroxyurea in argon matrices. FTIR and theoretical studies. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22694d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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11
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Do NH, Cooper PD. Formation and Reaction of Oxidants in Water Ice Produced from the Deposition of RF-Discharged Rare Gas and Water Mixtures. J Phys Chem A 2012; 117:153-9. [PMID: 23237388 DOI: 10.1021/jp3090556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nhut H. Do
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN
3E2 Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Paul D. Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, MSN
3E2 Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
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12
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Thompson WE, Lugez CL, Jacox ME. The infrared spectrum of HOOH+ trapped in solid neon. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:144305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4757389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Raston PL, Knapp CJ, Jäger W. Rotovibrational spectroscopy of hydrogen peroxide embedded in superfluid helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18789-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21348b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Mucha M, Mielke Z. Photochemistry of the glyoxal–hydrogen peroxide complexes in solid argon: Formation of 2-hydroxy-2-hydroperoxyethanal. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Hama T, Yabushita A, Yokoyama M, Kawasaki M, Watanabe N. Formation mechanisms of oxygen atoms in the O(D21) state from the 157nm photoirradiation of amorphous water ice at 90K. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:114510. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3194798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Lapinski L, Gerega A, Sobolewski AL, Nowak MJ. Thioperoxy derivative generated by UV-induced transformation of N-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione isolated in low-temperature matrixes. J Phys Chem A 2007; 112:238-48. [PMID: 18085761 DOI: 10.1021/jp077365r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photochemical transformations of N-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione and its deuterated isotopologue were studied using the matrix-isolation technique. Low-temperature Ar and N2 matrixes containing monomers of this compound were irradiated with continuous-wave near-UV light. Photogeneration of two products was observed in these experiments. The relative population of these photogenerated species was found to be dependent on the wavelength of the UV light used for irradiation. By comparison of the IR spectra of the photoproducts with the spectra simulated theoretically at the DFT(B3LYP)/6-311++G(d, p) level, the final and the intermediate products were identified as rotameric forms of 2-hydroxysulfanyl-pyridine. This is the first report on generation of this thioperoxy derivative of pyridine. The mechanism of photogeneration of 2-hydroxysulfanyl-pyridine involves a photoinduced cleavage of the N-O bond in N-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione, generation of the .OH radical weakly bound with the remaining pyridylthiyl radical, and recombination of these two radicals by formation of the new -S-O- bond. A theoretical model supporting this interpretation was constructed on the basis of approximate coupled cluster (CC2) calculations of the potential energy surfaces of the ground and first excited singlet electronic states of the system. After electronic excitation of the monomeric N-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione, the molecule evolves to the conical intersection with the potential energy surface of the ground state and then to the global minimum corresponding to 2-hydroxysulfanyl-pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Lapinski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Pehkonen S, Marushkevich K, Khriachtchev L, Räsänen M, Grigorenko BL, Nemukhin AV. Photochemical Synthesis of H2O2 from the H2O···O(3P) van der Waals Complex: Experimental Observations in Solid Krypton and Theoretical Modeling. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:11444-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp075233s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pehkonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I.Virtasen aukio 1), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Kseniya Marushkevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I.Virtasen aukio 1), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid Khriachtchev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I.Virtasen aukio 1), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Markku Räsänen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I.Virtasen aukio 1), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Bella L. Grigorenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I.Virtasen aukio 1), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V. Nemukhin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I.Virtasen aukio 1), Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
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18
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Isoniemi E, Khriachtchev L, Makkonen M, Räsänen M. UV Photolysis Products of Propiolic Acid in Noble-Gas Solids. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:11479-87. [PMID: 17020260 DOI: 10.1021/jp062080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photolysis (193 nm) of propiolic acid (HCCCOOH) was studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in noble-gas (Ar, Kr, and Xe) solid matrixes. The photolysis products were assigned using ab initio quantum chemistry calculations. The novel higher-energy conformer of propiolic acid was efficiently formed upon UV irradiation, and it decayed back to the ground-state conformer on a time scale of approximately 10 min by tunneling of the hydrogen atom through the torsional energy barrier. In addition, the photolysis produced a number of matrix-isolated 1:1 molecular complexes such as HCCH...CO2, HCCOH...CO, and H2O...C3O. The HCCH...CO2 complex dominated among the photolysis products, and the computations suggested a parallel geometry of this complex characterized by an interaction energy of -9.6 kJ/mol. The HCCOH...CO complex also formed efficiently, but its concentration was strongly limited by its light-induced decomposition. In this complex, the most probable geometry was found to feature the interaction of carbon monoxide with the OH group via the carbon atom, and the computational interaction energy was determined to be -18.3 kJ/mol. The formation of the strong H2O...C3O complex (interaction energy -21 kJ/mol) was less efficient, which might be due to the inefficiency of the involved radical reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esa Isoniemi
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 5, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
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Sennikov PG, Ignatov SK, Schrems O. Complexes and Clusters of Water Relevant to Atmospheric Chemistry: H2O Complexes with Oxidants. Chemphyschem 2005; 6:392-412. [PMID: 15799459 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200400405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Experimental observations and data from quantum chemical calculations on complexes between water molecules and small, oxygen-containing inorganic species that play an important role as oxidants in the atmosphere (O(1D), O(3P), O2(X3sigmag), O2(b1sigmag+), O3, HO, HOO, HOOO, and H2O2) are reviewed, with emphasis on their structure, hydrogen bonding, interaction energies, thermodynamic parameters, and infrared spectra. In recent years, weakly bound complexes containing water have increasingly attracted scientific attention. Water in all its phases is a major player in the absorption of solar and terrestrial radiation. Thus, complexes between water and other atmospheric species may have a perceivable influence on the radiative balance and contribute to the greenhouse effect, even though their concentrations are low. In addition, they can play an important role in the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere, particularly in the oxidation of trace gases. Apart from gas-phase complexes, the interactions of oxidants with ice surfaces have also received considerable advertency lately due to their importance in the chemistry of snow, ice clouds, and ice surfaces (e.g., ice shields in polar regions). In paleoclimate--respectively paleoenvironmental--studies, it is essential to understand the transfer processes from the atmosphere to the ice surface. Consequently, special attention is being paid here to the intercomparison of the properties of binary complexes and the complexes and clusters of more complicated compositions, including oxidants adsorbed on ice surfaces, where ice is considered a kind of large water cluster. Various facts concerning the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere (concentration profiles and possible influence on radical reactions in the atmosphere) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr G Sennikov
- Institute of Chemistry of High Purity Substances RAS Tropinin str. 49, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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20
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Maçôas EMS, Khriachtchev L, Fausto R, Räsänen M. Photochemistry and Vibrational Spectroscopy of the Trans and Cis Conformers of Acetic Acid in Solid Ar. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037840v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. S. Maçôas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Chemistry (CQC), University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - L. Khriachtchev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Chemistry (CQC), University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - R. Fausto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Chemistry (CQC), University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M. Räsänen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Chemistry (CQC), University of Coimbra, P-3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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21
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Pehkonen S, Lundell J, Khriachtchev L, Pettersson M, Räsänen M. Matrix isolation and quantum chemical studies on the H2O2–SO2complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1039/b410223a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Cabral do Couto P, Guedes RC, Costa Cabral BJ, Martinho Simões JA. The hydration of the OH radical: Microsolvation modeling and statistical mechanics simulation. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1605939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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23
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Engdahl A, Nelander B. The binary complex between hydrogen peroxide and ozone: A matrix isolation study. Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(03)00314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Engdahl A, Karlström G, Nelander B. The water–hydroxyl radical complex: A matrix isolation study. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1563608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Sałdyka M, Mielke Z. Photodecomposition of formohydroxamic acid. Matrix isolation FTIR and DFT studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b306785h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Khriachtchev L, Macoas E, Pettersson M, Rasanen M. Conformational memory in photodissociation of formic acid. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:10994-5. [PMID: 12224943 DOI: 10.1021/ja0269791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The trans and cis forms of formic acid (HCOOH) in solid argon favor essentially different photodissociation (193 nm) products, H2O + CO and H2 + CO2, respectively. The branching ratio of these channels differs between the two conformers by a factor of >10. The observed selective photodissociation features conformational memory when the transition state of a molecule is reached before torsional randomization. These data demonstrate that the photodissociation products can be efficiently steered with selective narrow-band infrared radiation promoting rotational isomerism, which makes a strong case of optically controlled chemical reactions
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Khriachtchev
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Khriachtchev L, Tanskanen H, Pettersson M, Räsänen M, Ahokas J, Kunttu H, Feldman V. On photochemistry of water in solid Xe: Thermal and light-induced decomposition of HXeOH and HXeH and formation of H2O2. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1452725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay A. LaVerne
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Lav Tandon
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, and Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Lundell J, Jolkkonen S, Khriachtchev L, Pettersson M, Räsänen M. Matrix Isolation and Ab Initio Study of the Hydrogen-Bonded H2O2-CO Complex. Chemistry 2001; 7:1670-8. [PMID: 11349908 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20010417)7:8<1670::aid-chem16700>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The structure, energetics, and infrared spectrum of the H2O2-CO complex have been studied computationally with the use of ab initio calculations and experimentally by FTIR matrix isolation techniques. Computations predict two stable conformations for the H2O2-CO complex, both of which show almost linear hydrogen bonds between the subunits. The carbon-attached HOOH-CO complex is the lower-energy form, and it has an interaction energy of -9.0 kJmol(-1) at the CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df,3pd)// MP2/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level. The higher-energy form, HOOH-OC, has an interaction energy of 4.7 kJmol(-1) at the same level of theory. Experimentally, only the lower-energy form, HOOH-CO, was observed in Ar, Kr, and Xe matrices, and the hydrogen bonding results in substantial perturbations of the observed vibrational modes of both complex subunits. UV photolysis of the complex species primarily produces a complex between water and carbon dioxide, but minor amounts of HCO and trans-HOCO were found as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lundell
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Feltham EJ, Almond MJ, Marston G, Wiltshire KS, Goldberg N. Reactions of hydroxyl radicals with alkenes in low-temperature matrices. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2000; 56:2589-2603. [PMID: 11132141 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(00)00367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of hydroxyl radicals with a number of stable alkenes have been studied in low-temperature matrices. The reactions were initiated by broad band UV-visible irradiation of matrices containing H2O2, and the alkene under investigation. The hydroxyalkyl radical products were identified principally by comparison of their spectra with the spectra of corresponding stable alcohols. Accordingly, IR spectra were recorded for the following series of alcohols isolated in argon matrices--methanol, ethanol, ethanol-d6, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-2-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol (iso-butyl alcohol), 2-methylpropan-2-ol (tert-butyl alcohol), 2-methylbutan-2-ol (tert-amyl alcohol), 3-methylbutan-2-ol and 2,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol. The hydroxyalkyl radicals, which appear to be formed from the alkenes studied were as follows--from ethene, 2-hydroxyethyl radical: from cis- or trans-but-2-ene. 1-methyl-2-hydroxypropyl radical; from propene, 1-methyl-2-hydroxyethyl and 2-hydroxypropyl radicals; from but-1-ene. 1-hydroxymethylpropyl and 2-hydroxybutyl radicals; from 2-methylpropene (iso-butene), 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl and 2-methyl-2-hydroxypropyl radicals; the radical products from buta-1,3-diene and isoprene could not be identified. In the cases, where two radical products were possible, i.e. when propene, but-1-ene or 2-methylpropene were the substrates, it was found that the concentration of the secondary or tertiary radical always exceeded that of the primary radical. However, the relative concentration of these radicals appears to be determined by subsequent photolysis to give carbonyl compounds. There seems, therefore, to be little preference for the secondary and tertiary radicals over the primary radicals in the primary addition process. Comments on the mechanism of the transformation from radical to carbonyl compound based upon identification of intermediates within the matrix and isotopic substitution experiments are made. The characterisation of the 2-hydroxyethyl radical has been backed up by experiments utilising isotopic substitution with 13C and D (2H). The other radicals have been identified with varying degrees of certainty. Those radicals, which are observed at the highest concentration and which are, therefore, characterised more certainly are--2-hydroxyethyl (1), from ethene: 1-methyl-2-hydroxypropyl (2), from cis- and trans-but-2-ene; 1-methyl-2-hydroxyethyl (3), from propene; 1-hydroxymethylpropyl (5), from but-1-ene; and 1,1- dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl (8), from 2-methylpropene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Feltham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, UK
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Khriachtchev L, Pettersson M, Jolkkonen S, Pehkonen S, Räsänen M. Photochemistry of hydrogen peroxide in Kr and Xe matrixes. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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E. Bondybey V, Räsänen M, Lammers A. Chapter 10. Rare-gas matrices, their photochemistry and dynamics: recent advances in selected areas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1039/pc095331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pehkonen S, Pettersson M, Lundell J, Khriachtchev L, Räsänen M. Photochemical Studies of Hydrogen Peroxide in Solid Rare Gases: Formation of the HOH···O(3P) Complex. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp982111e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pehkonen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Pettersson
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan Lundell
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leonid Khriachtchev
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markku Räsänen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Khriachtchev L, Pettersson M, Isoniemi E, Räsänen M. 193 nm photolysis of H2S in rare-gas matrices: Luminescence spectroscopy of the products. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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