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Roussel E, Szwaj C, Di Pietro P, Adhlakha N, Cinquegrana P, Veronese M, Evain C, Di Mitri S, Perucchi A, Bielawski S. Single-shot terahertz time-domain spectrometer using 1550 nm probe pulses and diversity electro-optic sampling. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:31072-31081. [PMID: 37710635 DOI: 10.1364/oe.498726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Classical terahertz spectroscopy usually requires the use of Fourier transform or Time-Domain Spectrometers. However, these classical techniques become impractical when using recent high peak power terahertz sources - based on intense lasers or accelerators - which operate at low repetition rate. We present and test the design of a novel Time-Domain Spectrometer, that is capable of recording a whole terahertz spectrum at each shot of the source, and that uses a 1550 nm probe fiber laser. Single-shot operation is obtained using chirped-pulse electro-optic sampling in Gallium Arsenide, and high bandwidth is obtained by using the recently introduced Diversity Electro-Optic Sampling (DEOS) method. We present the first real-time measurements of THz spectra at the TeraFERMI Coherent Transition Radiation source. The system achieves 2.5 THz bandwidth with a maximum dynamic range reaching up to 25 dB. By reducing the required measurement time from minutes to a split-second, this strategy dramatically expands the application range of high power low-repetition rate THz sources.
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2
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Chen M, de Oliveira TVAG, Ilyakov I, Nörenberg T, Kuschewski F, Deinert JC, Awari N, Ponomaryov A, Kuntzsch M, Kehr SC, Eng LM, Gensch M, Kovalev S. Terahertz-slicing - an all-optical synchronization for 4 th generation light sources. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:26955-26966. [PMID: 36236877 DOI: 10.1364/oe.454908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A conceptually new approach to synchronizing accelerator-based light sources and external laser systems is presented. The concept is based on utilizing a sufficiently intense accelerator-based single-cycle terahertz pulse to slice a thereby intrinsically synchronized femtosecond-level part of a longer picosecond laser pulse in an electro-optic crystal. A precise synchronization of the order of 10 fs is demonstrated, allowing for real-time lock-in amplifier signal demodulation. We demonstrate successful operation of the concept with three benchmark experiments using a 4th generation accelerator-based terahertz light source, i.e. (i) far-field terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, (ii) terahertz high harmonic generation spectroscopy, and (iii) terahertz scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy.
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3
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Abstract
Recent theoretical and experimental research is triggering interest to technologies based on radiation in the region from ~0.1 to 20 Terahertz (THz). Today, this region of the electromagnetic (e.m.) spectrum is a frontier area for research in many disciplines. The technological roadmap of the THz radiation considers outdoor and indoor communications, security, drug detection, biometrics, food quality control, agriculture, medicine, semiconductors, and air pollution, and demands high-power and sub-ps compact sources, modern detectors, and new integrated systems. There are still many open questions regarding working at THz frequencies and with THz radiation. In particular, we need to invest in new methodologies and in materials exhibiting the unusual or exotic properties of THz. This book contains original papers dealing with some emerging THz applications, new devices, sources and detectors, and materials with advanced properties for applications in biomedicine, cultural heritage, technology, and space.
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4
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Broadband Anisotropic Optical Properties of the Terahertz Generator HMQ-TMS Organic Crystal. CONDENSED MATTER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat5030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HMQ-TMS (2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxystyryl)-1-methylquinolinium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate) is a recently discovered anisotropic organic crystal that can be exploited for the production of broadband high-intensity terahertz (THz) radiation through the optical rectification (OR) technique. HMQ-TMS plays a central role in THz technology due to its broad transparency range, large electro-optic coefficient and coherence length, and excellent crystal properties. However, its anisotropic optical properties have not been deeply researched yet. Here, from polarized reflectance and transmittance measurements along the x 1 and x 3 axes of a HMQ-TMS single-crystal, we extract both the refraction index n and the extinction coefficient k between 50 and 35,000 cm − 1 . We further measure the THz radiation generated by optical rectification at different infrared (IR) wavelengths and along the two x 1 and x 3 axes. These data highlight the remarkable anisotropic linear and nonlinear optical behavior of HMQ-TMS crystals, expanding the knowledge of its properties and applications from the THz to the UV region.
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5
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Zhang Z, Fisher AS, Hoffmann MC, Jacobson B, Kirchmann PS, Lee WS, Lindenberg A, Marinelli A, Nanni E, Schoenlein R, Qian M, Sasaki S, Xu J, Huang Z. A high-power, high-repetition-rate THz source for pump-probe experiments at Linac Coherent Light Source II. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:890-901. [PMID: 33565997 PMCID: PMC7336180 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520005147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Experiments using a THz pump and an X-ray probe at an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) facility like the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS II) require frequency-tunable (3 to 20 THz), narrow bandwidth (∼10%), carrier-envelope-phase-stable THz pulses that produce high fields (>1 MV cm-1) at the repetition rate of the X-rays and are well synchronized with them. In this paper, a two-bunch scheme to generate THz radiation at LCLS II is studied: the first bunch produces THz radiation in an electromagnet wiggler immediately following the LCLS II undulator that produces X-rays from the second bunch. The initial time delay between the two bunches is optimized to compensate for the path difference in THz transport. The two-bunch beam dynamics, the THz wiggler and radiation are described, as well as the transport system bringing the THz pulses from the wiggler to the experimental hall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Zhang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. S. Fisher
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - M. C. Hoffmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - B. Jacobson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - P. S. Kirchmann
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - W.-S. Lee
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. Lindenberg
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. Marinelli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - E. Nanni
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - R. Schoenlein
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - M. Qian
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - S. Sasaki
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - J. Xu
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Z. Huang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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6
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Di Pietro P, Adhlakha N, Piccirilli F, Di Gaspare A, Moon J, Oh S, Di Mitri S, Spampinati S, Perucchi A, Lupi S. Terahertz Tuning of Dirac Plasmons in Bi_{2}Se_{3} Topological Insulator. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:226403. [PMID: 32567905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.226403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Light can be strongly confined in subwavelength spatial regions through the interaction with plasmons, the collective electronic modes appearing in metals and semiconductors. This confinement, which is particularly important in the terahertz spectral region, amplifies light-matter interaction and provides a powerful mechanism for efficiently generating nonlinear optical phenomena. These effects are particularly relevant in graphene and topological insulators, where massless Dirac fermions show a naturally nonlinear optical behavior in the terahertz range. The strong interaction scenario has been considered so far from the point of view of light. In this Letter, we investigate instead the effect of strong interaction on the plasmon itself. In particular, we will show that Dirac plasmons in Bi_{2}Se_{3} topological insulator are strongly renormalized when excited by high-intensity terahertz radiation by displaying a huge red-shift down to 60% of its characteristic frequency. This opens the road towards tunable terahertz nonlinear optical devices based on topological insulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Di Pietro
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km - 163,5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - N Adhlakha
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km - 163,5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - F Piccirilli
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, I-34012 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Di Gaspare
- NEST, CNRNANO and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J Moon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019 USA
| | - S Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019 USA
| | - S Di Mitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km - 163,5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Spampinati
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km - 163,5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - A Perucchi
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km - 163,5 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Lupi
- CNR-IOM and Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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7
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Abstract
Using the unique characteristics of the free-electron-laser (FEL), we successfully performed high-sensitivity spectral imaging of different materials in the terahertz (THz) and far-infrared (FIR) domain. THz imaging at various wavelengths was achieved using in situ spectroscopy by means of this wavelength tunable and monochromatic source. In particular, owing to its large intensity and directionality, we could collect high-sensitivity transmission imaging of extremely low-transparency materials and three-dimensional objects in the 3–6 THz range. By accurately identifying the intrinsic absorption wavelength of organic and inorganic materials, we succeeded in the mapping of spatial distribution of individual components. This simple imaging technique using a focusing optics and a raster scan modality has made it possible to set up and carry out fast spectral imaging experiments on different materials in this radiation facility.
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8
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Angular Dependence of Copper Surface Damage Induced by an Intense Coherent THz Radiation Beam. CONDENSED MATTER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat5010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we show the damage induced by an intense coherent terahertz (THz) beam on copper surfaces. The metallic surface was irradiated by multiple picosecond THz pulses generated by the Free Electron Laser (FEL) at the ISIR facility of the Osaka University, reaching an electric field on the sample surface up to ~4 GV/m. No damage occurs at normal incidence, while images and spectroscopic analysis of the surface point out a clear dependence of the damage on the incidence angle, the electric field intensity, and polarization of the pulsed THz radiation. Ab initio analysis shows that the damage at high incidence angles could be related to the increase of the absorbance, i.e., to the increase of the temperature around or above 1000 °C. The experimental approach we introduced with multiple fast irradiations represents a new powerful technique useful to test, in a reproducible way, the damage induced by an intense electric gradient on copper and other metallic surfaces in view of future THz-based compact particle accelerators.
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9
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The TeraFERMI Electro-Optic Sampling Set-Up for Fluence-Dependent Spectroscopic Measurements. CONDENSED MATTER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
TeraFERMI is the THz beamline at the FERMI free-electron-laser facility in Trieste (Italy). It uses superradiant Coherent Transition Radiation emission to produce THz pulses of 10 to 100 μ J intensity over a spectral range which can extend up to 12 THz. TeraFERMI can be used to perform non-linear, fluence-dependent THz spectroscopy and THz-pump/IR-probe measurements. We describe in this paper the optical set-up based on electro-optic-sampling, which is presently in use in our facility and discuss the properties of a representative THz electric field profile measured from our source. The measured electric field profile can be understood as the superimposed emission from two electron bunches of different length, as predicted by electron beam dynamics simulations.
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10
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Chen M, Deinert JC, Green B, Wang Z, Ilyakov I, Awari N, Bawatna M, Germanskiy S, de Oliveira TVAG, Geloni G, Tanikawa T, Gensch M, Kovalev S. Pulse- and field-resolved THz-diagnostics at 4 t h generation lightsources. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:32360-32369. [PMID: 31684450 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.032360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multi-color pump-probe techniques utilizing modern accelerator-based 4th generation light sources such as X-ray free electron lasers or superradiant THz facilities have become important science drivers over the past 10 years. In this type of experiments the precise knowledge of the properties of the involved accelerator-based light pulses crucially determines the achievable sensitivity and temporal resolution. In this work we demonstrate and discuss the powerful role pulse- and field-resolved- detection of superradiant THz pulses can play for improving the precision of THz pump - femtosecond laser probe experiments at superradiant THz facilities in particular and at 4th generation light sources in general. The developed diagnostic scheme provides real-time information on the properties of individual pulses from multiple accelerator based THz sources and opens a robust way for sub femtosecond timing. Correlations between amplitude and phase of the pulses emitted from different superradiant THz sources furthermore provide insides into the properties of the driving electron bunches and is of general interest for the ultra-fast diagnostics at 4th generation light sources.
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11
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Coherent THz Emission Enhanced by Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Wakefield. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11661. [PMID: 30076346 PMCID: PMC6076281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that emission of coherent transition radiation by a ∼1 GeV energy-electron beam passing through an Al foil is enhanced in intensity and extended in frequency spectral range, by the energy correlation established along the beam by coherent synchrotron radiation wakefield, in the presence of a proper electron optics in the beam delivery system. Analytical and numerical models, based on experimental electron beam parameters collected at the FERMI free electron laser (FEL), predict transition radiation with two intensity peaks at ∼0.3 THz and ∼1.5 THz, and extending up to 8.5 THz with intensity above 20 dB w.r.t. the main peak. Up to 80-µJ pulse energy integrated over the full bandwidth is expected at the source, and in agreement with experimental pulse energy measurements. By virtue of its implementation in an FEL beam dump line, this work promises dissemination of user-oriented multi-THz beamlines parasitic and self-synchronized to EUV and x-ray FELs.
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12
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Mishra PK, Bettaque V, Vendrell O, Santra R, Welsch R. Prospects of Using High-Intensity THz Pulses To Induce Ultrafast Temperature-Jumps in Liquid Water. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:5211-5222. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kr. Mishra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Bettaque
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oriol Vendrell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Welsch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Malvestuto M, Ciprian R, Caretta A, Casarin B, Parmigiani F. Ultrafast magnetodynamics with free-electron lasers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:053002. [PMID: 29315080 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaa211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of ultrafast magnetodynamics has entered a new era thanks to the groundbreaking technological advances in free-electron laser (FEL) light sources. The advent of these light sources has made possible unprecedented experimental schemes for time-resolved x-ray magneto-optic spectroscopies, which are now paving the road for exploring the ultimate limits of out-of-equilibrium magnetic phenomena. In particular, these studies will provide insights into elementary mechanisms governing spin and orbital dynamics, therefore contributing to the development of ultrafast devices for relevant magnetic technologies. This topical review focuses on recent advancement in the study of non-equilibrium magnetic phenomena from the perspective of time-resolved extreme ultra violet (EUV) and soft x-ray spectroscopies at FELs with highlights of some important experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Malvestuto
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. Strada Statale 14-km 163.5 in AREA Science Park 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
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14
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Curcio A, Marocchino A, Dolci V, Lupi S, Petrarca M. Resonant plasma excitation by single-cycle THz pulses. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1052. [PMID: 29348511 PMCID: PMC5773702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, an alternative perspective for the generation of millimetric high-gradient resonant plasma waves is discussed. This method is based on the plasma-wave excitation by energetic single-cycle THz pulses whose temporal length is comparable to the plasma wavelength. The excitation regime discussed in this paper is the quasi-nonlinear regime that can be achieved when the normalized vector potential of the driving THz pulse is on the order of unity. To investigate this regime and determine the strength of the excited electric fields, a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) code has been used. It has been found that by exploiting THz pulses with characteristics currently available in laboratory, longitudinal electron plasma waves with electric gradients up to hundreds MV/m can be obtained. The mm-size nature of the resonant plasma wave can be of great utility for an acceleration scheme in which high-brightness electron bunches are injected into the wave to undergo a strong acceleration. The long-size nature of the acceleration bucket with respect to the short length of the electron bunches can be handled in a more robust manner in comparison with the case when micrometric waves are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Curcio
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161, Rome, Italy.,INFN-LNF, via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - A Marocchino
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161, Rome, Italy.,INFN-LNF, via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - V Dolci
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161, Rome, Italy.,Roma1-INFN, P.le Aldo Moro, 2, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - S Lupi
- Roma1-INFN, P.le Aldo Moro, 2, 00185, Rome, Italy.,Department of Physics, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185, Rome, Italy
| | - M Petrarca
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa 14, 00161, Rome, Italy. .,Roma1-INFN, P.le Aldo Moro, 2, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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15
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Giorgianni F, Chiadroni E, Rovere A, Cestelli-Guidi M, Perucchi A, Bellaveglia M, Castellano M, Di Giovenale D, Di Pirro G, Ferrario M, Pompili R, Vaccarezza C, Villa F, Cianchi A, Mostacci A, Petrarca M, Brahlek M, Koirala N, Oh S, Lupi S. Strong nonlinear terahertz response induced by Dirac surface states in Bi2Se3 topological insulator. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11421. [PMID: 27113395 PMCID: PMC4853424 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrons with a linear energy/momentum dispersion are called massless Dirac electrons and represent the low-energy excitations in exotic materials such as graphene and topological insulators. Dirac electrons are characterized by notable properties such as a high mobility, a tunable density and, in topological insulators, a protection against backscattering through the spin-momentum locking mechanism. All those properties make graphene and topological insulators appealing for plasmonics applications. However, Dirac electrons are expected to present also a strong nonlinear optical behaviour. This should mirror in phenomena such as electromagnetic-induced transparency and harmonic generation. Here we demonstrate that in Bi2Se3 topological insulator, an electromagnetic-induced transparency is achieved under the application of a strong terahertz electric field. This effect, concomitantly determined by harmonic generation and charge-mobility reduction, is exclusively related to the presence of Dirac electron at the surface of Bi2Se3, and opens the road towards tunable terahertz nonlinear optical devices based on topological insulator materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Giorgianni
- INFN and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Enrica Chiadroni
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Andrea Rovere
- INFN and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Perucchi
- INSTM Udr Trieste-ST and Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A, Area Science Park, I-34012 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Bellaveglia
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Michele Castellano
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | | | - Giampiero Di Pirro
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Massimo Ferrario
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pompili
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Cristina Vaccarezza
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Fabio Villa
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, Via E. Fermi, 40, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cianchi
- INFN and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'Tor Vergata', viale della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Mostacci
- INFN and Dipartimento S.B.A.I., Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Petrarca
- INFN and Dipartimento S.B.A.I., Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Matthew Brahlek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA
| | - Nikesh Koirala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA
| | - Seongshik Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-8019, USA
| | - Stefano Lupi
- INFN and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Roma, Italy
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16
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Svetina C, Mahne N, Raimondi L, Perucchi A, Di Pietro P, Lupi S, Schmidt B, Zangrando M. Photon transport of the superradiant TeraFERMI THz beamline at the FERMI free-electron laser. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2016; 23:106-110. [PMID: 26698051 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577515021414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
TeraFERMI is the new terahertz (THz) beamline for pump-probe studies on the femtosecond time-scale, under construction at the FERMI free-electron laser (FEL) facility in Trieste, Italy. The beamline will take advantage of the coherent radiation emitted by the spent electrons from the FEL undulators, before being dumped. This will result in short, coherent, high-power THz pulses to be used as a pump beam, in order to modulate structural properties of matter, thereby inducing phase transitions. The TeraFERMI beamline collects THz radiation in the undulator hall and guides it along a beam pipe which is approximately 30 m long, extending across the safety hutch and two shielding walls. Here the optical design, which will allow the efficient transport of the emitted THz radiation in the experimental hall, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Svetina
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 km, 163.5 in Area Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Nicola Mahne
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 km, 163.5 in Area Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Raimondi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 km, 163.5 in Area Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Andrea Perucchi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 km, 163.5 in Area Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 km, 163.5 in Area Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | | | - Bernhard Schmidt
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marco Zangrando
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, SS 14 km, 163.5 in Area Science Park, Trieste 34149, Italy
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17
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Roussel E, Ferrari E, Allaria E, Penco G, Di Mitri S, Veronese M, Danailov M, Gauthier D, Giannessi L. Multicolor High-Gain Free-Electron Laser Driven by Seeded Microbunching Instability. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:214801. [PMID: 26636852 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.214801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Laser-heater systems are essential tools to control and optimize high-gain free-electron lasers (FELs) working in the x-ray wavelength range. Indeed, these systems induce a controllable increase of the energy spread of the electron bunch. The heating suppresses longitudinal microbunching instability which otherwise would limit the FEL performance. Here, we demonstrate that, through the action of the microbunching instability, a long-wavelength modulation of the electron beam induced by the laser heater at low energy can persist until the beam entrance into the undulators. This coherent longitudinal modulation is exploited to control the FEL spectral properties, in particular, multicolor extreme-ultraviolet FEL pulses can be generated through a frequency mixing of the modulations produced by the laser heater and the seed laser in the electron beam. We present an experimental demonstration of this novel configuration carried out at the FERMI FEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Roussel
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - E Ferrari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Trieste, Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - E Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Penco
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Di Mitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Veronese
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Danailov
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Gauthier
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - L Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14-km 163,5 in AREA Science Park, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- ENEA Frascati, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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18
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Fröhlich L, Casarin K, Vascotto A. Simulation and measurement of the radiation field of the 1.4-GeV electron beam dump of the FERMI free-electron laser. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2015; 163:141-147. [PMID: 24757175 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The authors examine the radiation field produced in the vicinity of the main beam dump of the FERMI free-electron laser under the impact of a 1.4-GeV electron beam. Electromagnetic and neutron dose rates are calculated with the Fluka Monte Carlo code and compared with ionisation chamber and superheated drop detector measurements in various positions around the dump. Experimental data and simulation results are in good agreement with a maximum deviation of 25 % in a single location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Fröhlich
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Basovizza, TS 34149, Italy
| | - Katia Casarin
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Basovizza, TS 34149, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vascotto
- Elettra, Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, km 163.5, Basovizza, TS 34149, Italy
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