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Falkowski AG, da Costa RF, Lima MAP, de A Cadena A, Pocoroba R, Jones R, Mathur M, Childers JG, Khakoo MA, Kossoski F. Electron impact electronic excitation of benzene: Theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:194301. [PMID: 37966005 DOI: 10.1063/5.0173024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We report experimental differential cross sections (DCSs) for electron impact excitation of bands I to V of benzene at incident energies of 10, 12.5, 15, and 20 eV. They are compared to calculations using the Schwinger multichannel method while accounting for up to 437 open channels. For intermediate scattering angles, the calculations reveal that the most intense band (V) emerges from surprisingly similar contributions from all its underlying states (despite some preference for the dipole-allowed transitions). They further shed light on intricate multichannel couplings between the states of bands I to V and higher-lying Rydberg states. In turn, the measurements support a vibronic coupling mechanism for excitation of bands II and IV and also show an unexpected forward peak in the spin-forbidden transition accounting for band III. Overall, there is decent agreement between theory and experiment at intermediate angles and at lower energies and in terms of the relative DCSs of the five bands. Discrepancies between the present and previous experiment regarding bands IV and V draw attention to the need of additional experimental investigations. We also report measured DCSs for vibrational excitation of combined C-H stretching modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan G Falkowski
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Romarly F da Costa
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580 Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco A P Lima
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Alexi de A Cadena
- Physics Department, California State University, Fullerton, California 92831, USA
| | - Ronald Pocoroba
- Physics Department, California State University, Fullerton, California 92831, USA
| | - Regan Jones
- Physics Department, California State University, Fullerton, California 92831, USA
| | - Mahak Mathur
- Troy High School, 2200 Dorothy Lane, Fullerton, California 92831, USA
| | - J G Childers
- Physics Department, California State University, Fullerton, California 92831, USA
| | - Murtadha A Khakoo
- Physics Department, California State University, Fullerton, California 92831, USA
| | - Fábris Kossoski
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
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2
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Jones DB, da Costa RF, Kossoski F, Varella MTDN, Bettega MHF, Ferreira da Silva F, Limão-Vieira P, García G, Lima MAP, White RD, Brunger MJ. Electron-impact electronic-state excitation of para-benzoquinone. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:124312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5023494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. B. Jones
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - R. F. da Costa
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - F. Kossoski
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. T. do N. Varella
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1731, 05508-090 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. H. F. Bettega
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19044, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - F. Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - P. Limão-Vieira
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - G. García
- Instituto de Fisica Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. A. P. Lima
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R. D. White
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - M. J. Brunger
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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3
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Jones DB, Blanco F, García G, da Costa RF, Kossoski F, Varella MTDN, Bettega MHF, Lima MAP, White RD, Brunger MJ. Elastic scattering and vibrational excitation for electron impact onpara-benzoquinone. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:244304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5010831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. B. Jones
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - F. Blanco
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - G. García
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serano 113-bis, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. F. da Costa
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-901 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - F. Kossoski
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - M. T. do N. Varella
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1731, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - M. H. F. Bettega
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19044, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-990, Brazil
| | - M. A. P. Lima
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - R. D. White
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia
| | - M. J. Brunger
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
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Brunger MJ. Electron scattering and transport in biofuels, biomolecules and biomass fragments. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2017.1301030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Limão-Vieira P, Duflot D, Ferreira da Silva F, Lange E, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Śmiałek MA, Jones DB, Brunger MJ. Valence and lowest Rydberg electronic states of phenol investigated by synchrotron radiation and theoretical methods. J Chem Phys 2017; 145:034302. [PMID: 27448882 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the experimental high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoabsorption spectra of phenol covering for the first time the full 4.3-10.8 eV energy-range, with absolute cross sections determined. Theoretical calculations on the vertical excitation energies and oscillator strengths were performed using time-dependent density functional theory and the equation-of-motion coupled cluster method restricted to single and double excitations level. These have been used in the assignment of valence and Rydberg transitions of the phenol molecule. The VUV spectrum reveals several new features not previously reported in the literature, with particular reference to the 6.401 eV transition, which is here assigned to the 3sσ/σ(∗)(OH)←3π(3a″) transition. The measured absolute photoabsorption cross sections have been used to calculate the photolysis lifetime of phenol in the earth's atmosphere (0-50 km).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Limão-Vieira
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - D Duflot
- Univ. Lille, UMR 8523-Physique des Lasers Atomes et Molécules, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - F Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - E Lange
- Laboratório de Colisões Atómicas e Moleculares, CEFITEC, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - N C Jones
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - S V Hoffmann
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - M A Śmiałek
- Department of Control and Power Engineering, Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - D B Jones
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - M J Brunger
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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Jones DB, da Costa RF, Varella MTDN, Bettega MHF, Lima MAP, Blanco F, García G, Brunger MJ. Integral elastic, electronic-state, ionization, and total cross sections for electron scattering with furfural. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:144303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4945562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. B. Jones
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - R. F. da Costa
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-859 São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - M. T. do N. Varella
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05315-970 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. H. F. Bettega
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19044, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M. A. P. Lima
- Instituto de Física “Gleb Wataghin,” Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-859 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F. Blanco
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - G. García
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. J. Brunger
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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da Costa RF, do N Varella MT, Bettega MHF, Neves RFC, Lopes MCA, Blanco F, García G, Jones DB, Brunger MJ, Lima MAP. The electron-furfural scattering dynamics for 63 energetically open electronic states. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:124310. [PMID: 27036451 DOI: 10.1063/1.4944616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on integral-, momentum transfer- and differential cross sections for elastic and electronically inelastic electron collisions with furfural (C5H4O2). The calculations were performed with two different theoretical methodologies, the Schwinger multichannel method with pseudopotentials (SMCPP) and the independent atom method with screening corrected additivity rule (IAM-SCAR) that now incorporates a further interference (I) term. The SMCPP with N energetically open electronic states (N(open)) at either the static-exchange (N(open) ch-SE) or the static-exchange-plus-polarisation (N(open) ch-SEP) approximation was employed to calculate the scattering amplitudes at impact energies lying between 5 eV and 50 eV, using a channel coupling scheme that ranges from the 1ch-SEP up to the 63ch-SE level of approximation depending on the energy considered. For elastic scattering, we found very good overall agreement at higher energies among our SMCPP cross sections, our IAM-SCAR+I cross sections and the experimental data for furan (a molecule that differs from furfural only by the substitution of a hydrogen atom in furan with an aldehyde functional group). This is a good indication that our elastic cross sections are converged with respect to the multichannel coupling effect for most of the investigated intermediate energies. However, although the present application represents the most sophisticated calculation performed with the SMCPP method thus far, the inelastic cross sections, even for the low lying energy states, are still not completely converged for intermediate and higher energies. We discuss possible reasons leading to this discrepancy and point out what further steps need to be undertaken in order to improve the agreement between the calculated and measured cross sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romarly F da Costa
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Márcio T do N Varella
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, São Paulo 05315-970, Brazil
| | - Márcio H F Bettega
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19044, Curitiba, Paraná 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Rafael F C Neves
- Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas Gerais, Campus Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina A Lopes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Blanco
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Gustavo García
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Darryl B Jones
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Michael J Brunger
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Marco A P Lima
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
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Regeta K, Allan M, Mašín Z, Gorfinkiel JD. Absolute cross sections for electronic excitation of pyrimidine by electron impact. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:024302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khrystyna Regeta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Allan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Zdeněk Mašín
- Max-Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy, Max-Born-Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jimena D. Gorfinkiel
- Department of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
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Jones DB, Neves RFC, Lopes MCA, da Costa RF, Varella MTDN, Bettega MHF, Lima MAP, García G, Blanco F, Brunger MJ. Excitation of vibrational quanta in furfural by intermediate-energy electrons. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224304. [PMID: 26671372 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report cross sections for electron-impact excitation of vibrational quanta in furfural, at intermediate incident electron energies (20, 30, and 40 eV). The present differential cross sections are measured over the scattered electron angular range 10°-90°, with corresponding integral cross sections subsequently being determined. Furfural is a viable plant-derived alternative to petrochemicals, being produced via low-temperature plasma treatment of biomass. Current yields, however, need to be significantly improved, possibly through modelling, with the present cross sections being an important component of such simulations. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other cross sections for vibrational excitation of furfural available in the literature, so the present data are valuable for this important molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Jones
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - R F C Neves
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - M C A Lopes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - R F da Costa
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-859 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T do N Varella
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05315-970 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M H F Bettega
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19044, 81531-990 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - M A P Lima
- Instituto de Física "Gleb Wataghin," Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-859 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G García
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Blanco
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - M J Brunger
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
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Jones DB, Ellis-Gibbings L, García G, Nixon KL, Lopes MCA, Brunger MJ. Intermediate energy cross sections for electron-impact vibrational-excitation of pyrimidine. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:094304. [PMID: 26342367 DOI: 10.1063/1.4929907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report differential cross sections (DCSs) and integral cross sections (ICSs) for electron-impact vibrational-excitation of pyrimidine, at incident electron energies in the range 15-50 eV. The scattered electron angular range for the DCS measurements was 15°-90°. The measurements at the DCS-level are the first to be reported for vibrational-excitation in pyrimidine via electron impact, while for the ICS we extend the results from the only previous condensed-phase study [P. L. Levesque, M. Michaud, and L. Sanche, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 094701 (2005)], for electron energies ⩽12 eV, to higher energies. Interestingly, the trend in the magnitude of the lower energy condensed-phase ICSs is much smaller when compared to the corresponding gas phase results. As there is no evidence for the existence of any shape-resonances, in the available pyrimidine total cross sections [Baek et al., Phys. Rev. A 88, 032702 (2013); Fuss et al., ibid. 88, 042702 (2013)], between 10 and 20 eV, this mismatch in absolute magnitude between the condensed-phase and gas-phase ICSs might be indicative for collective-behaviour effects in the condensed-phase results.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Jones
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - L Ellis-Gibbings
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - G García
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - K L Nixon
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M C A Lopes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M J Brunger
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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Neves RFC, Jones DB, Lopes MCA, Blanco F, García G, Ratnavelu K, Brunger MJ. Integral cross sections for electron impact excitation of vibrational and electronic states in phenol. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:194305. [PMID: 26001459 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on measurements of integral cross sections (ICSs) for electron impact excitation of a series of composite vibrational modes and electronic-states in phenol, where the energy range of those experiments was 15-250 eV. There are currently no other results against which we can directly compare those measured data. We also report results from our independent atom model with screened additivity rule correction computations, namely, for the inelastic ICS (all discrete electronic states and neutral dissociation) and the total ionisation ICS. In addition, for the relevant dipole-allowed excited electronic states, we also report f-scaled Born-level and energy-corrected and f-scaled Born-level (BEf-scaled) ICS. Where possible, our measured and calculated ICSs are compared against one another with the general level of accord between them being satisfactory to within the measurement uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F C Neves
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
| | - D B Jones
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
| | - M C A Lopes
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 36036-330 Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - F Blanco
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G García
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 113-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - K Ratnavelu
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M J Brunger
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001, Australia
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