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Mathur C, Gupta R, Bansal RK. Organic Donor-Acceptor Complexes As Potential Semiconducting Materials. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304139. [PMID: 38265160 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In this review article, the synthesis, characterization and physico-chemical properties of the organic donor-acceptor complexes are highlighted and a special emphasis has been placed on developing them as semiconducting materials. The electron-rich molecules, i. e., donors have been broadly grouped in three categories, namely polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen heterocycles and sulphur containing aromatic donors. The reactions of these classes of the donors with the acceptors, namely tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), tetracyanobenzene (TCNB), benzoquinone, pyromellitic dianhydride and pyromellitic diimides, fullerenes, phenazine, benzothiadiazole, naphthalimide, DMAD, maleic anhydride, viologens and naphthalene diimide are described. The potential applications of the resulting DA complexes for physico-electronic purposes are also included. The theoretical investigation of many of these products with a view to rationalise their observed physico-chemical properties is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandani Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302020
| | - Raakhi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302020
| | - Raj K Bansal
- Department of Chemistry, IIS (deemed to be University), Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302020
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2
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Vener MV, Churakov AV, Voronin AP, Parashchuk OD, Artobolevskii SV, Alatortsev OA, Makhrov DE, Medvedev AG, Filarowski A. Comparison of Proton Acceptor and Proton Donor Properties of H 2O and H 2O 2 in Organic Crystals of Drug-like Compounds: Peroxosolvates vs. Crystallohydrates. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030717. [PMID: 35163982 PMCID: PMC8838768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two new peroxosolvates of drug-like compounds were synthesized and studied by a combination of X-ray crystallographic, Raman spectroscopic methods, and periodic DFT computations. The enthalpies of H-bonds formed by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a donor and an acceptor of protons were compared with the enthalpies of analogous H-bonds formed by water (H2O) in isomorphic (isostructural) hydrates. The enthalpies of H-bonds formed by H2O2 as a proton donor turned out to be higher than the values of the corresponding H-bonds formed by H2O. In the case of H2O2 as a proton acceptor in H-bonds, the ratio appeared reversed. The neutral O∙∙∙H-O/O∙∙∙H-N bonds formed by the lone electron pair of the oxygen atom of water were the strongest H-bonds in the considered crystals. In the paper, it was found out that the low-frequency Raman spectra of isomorphous crystalline hydrate and peroxosolvate of N-(5-Nitro-2-furfurylidene)-1-aminohydantoin are similar. As for the isostructural hydrate and peroxosolvate of the salt of protonated 2-amino-nicotinic acid and maleic acid monoanion, the Raman spectra are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Vener
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.C.); (A.G.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.V.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.C.); (A.G.M.)
| | | | - Olga D. Parashchuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergei V. Artobolevskii
- Faculty of Natural Science, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Square 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.A.); (O.A.A.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Oleg A. Alatortsev
- Faculty of Natural Science, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Square 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.A.); (O.A.A.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Denis E. Makhrov
- Faculty of Natural Science, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Miusskaya Square 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.A.); (O.A.A.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Alexander G. Medvedev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii Prosp. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.C.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Aleksander Filarowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław 14 F. Joliot-Curie Str., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.V.V.); (A.F.)
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Voronin AP, Surov AO, Churakov AV, Parashchuk OD, Rykounov AA, Vener MV. Combined X-ray Crystallographic, IR/Raman Spectroscopic, and Periodic DFT Investigations of New Multicomponent Crystalline Forms of Anthelmintic Drugs: A Case Study of Carbendazim Maleate. Molecules 2020; 25:E2386. [PMID: 32455564 PMCID: PMC7287603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of multicomponent solid forms is an important method of modifying and fine-tuning the most critical physicochemical properties of drug compounds. The design of new multicomponent pharmaceutical materials requires reliable information about the supramolecular arrangement of molecules and detailed description of the intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure. It implies the use of a combination of different experimental and theoretical investigation methods. Organic salts present new challenges for those who develop theoretical approaches describing the structure, spectral properties, and lattice energy Elatt. These crystals consist of closed-shell organic ions interacting through relatively strong hydrogen bonds, which leads to Elatt > 200 kJ/mol. Some technical problems that a user of periodic (solid-state) density functional theory (DFT) programs encounters when calculating the properties of these crystals still remain unsolved, for example, the influence of cell parameter optimization on the Elatt value, wave numbers, relative intensity of Raman-active vibrations in the low-frequency region, etc. In this work, various properties of a new two-component carbendazim maleate crystal were experimentally investigated, and the applicability of different DFT functionals and empirical Grimme corrections to the description of the obtained structural and spectroscopic properties was tested. Based on this, practical recommendations were developed for further theoretical studies of multicomponent organic pharmaceutical crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Voronin
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of RAS, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (A.P.V.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Artem O. Surov
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of RAS, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia; (A.P.V.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and X-ray Diffraction, N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Olga D. Parashchuk
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey A. Rykounov
- Theoretical Department, FSUE “RFNC-VNIITF Named after Academ. E.I. Zababakhin”, 456770 Snezhinsk, Russia;
| | - Mikhail V. Vener
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, 125047 Moscow, Russia
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Wakahara T, Nagaoka K, Nakagawa A, Hirata C, Matsushita Y, Miyazawa K, Ito O, Wada Y, Takagi M, Ishimoto T, Tachikawa M, Tsukagoshi K. One-Dimensional Fullerene/Porphyrin Cocrystals: Near-Infrared Light Sensing through Component Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:2878-2883. [PMID: 31845789 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b18784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, organic donor-acceptor (D-A) cocrystals have attracted special interest as functional materials because of their unique chemical and physical properties that are not exhibited by simple mixtures of their components. Herein, we report the preparation of one-dimensional novel D-A cocrystals from C60 and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)porphyrin (3,5-TPP); these cocrystals have near-infrared (NIR) light-sensing abilities, despite each of their component molecule individually having no NIR light-sensing properties. Micrometer-sized rectangular columnar C60-3,5-TPP cocrystals were produced by a simple liquid-liquid interfacial precipitation method. The cocrystals exhibit a new strong transition in the NIR region indicative of the existence of charge-transfer interactions between C60 and 3,5-TPP in the cocrystals. The C60-3,5-TPP cocrystals showed n-type transport characteristics with NIR light-sensing properties when the cocrystals were incorporated in bottom-gate/bottom-contact organic phototransistors, revealing that organic cocrystals with suitable charge-transfer interaction are useful as functional materials for the creation of novel NIR-light-sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatsugu Wakahara
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Kahori Nagaoka
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Akari Nakagawa
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Chika Hirata
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- Research Network and Facility Services Division , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Kun'ichi Miyazawa
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Tokyo University of Science , Tokyo 162-0826 , Japan
| | - Osamu Ito
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
- CarbonPhotoScience Institute , Kita-Nakayama2-1-6 , Izumi-ku, Sendai 981-3215 , Japan
| | - Yoshiki Wada
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Makito Takagi
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience , Yokohama City University , 22-2 Seto , Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama , Kanagawa 236-0027 , Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ishimoto
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience , Yokohama City University , 22-2 Seto , Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama , Kanagawa 236-0027 , Japan
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience , Yokohama City University , 22-2 Seto , Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama , Kanagawa 236-0027 , Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tsukagoshi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
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Melikova SM, Voronin AP, Panek J, Frolov NE, Shishkina AV, Rykounov AA, Tretyakov PY, Vener MV. Interplay of π-stacking and inter-stacking interactions in two-component crystals of neutral closed-shell aromatic compounds: periodic DFT study. RSC Adv 2020; 10:27899-27910. [PMID: 35519116 PMCID: PMC9055576 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04799f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper bridges the gap between high-level ab initio computations of gas-phase models of 1 : 1 arene–arene complexes and calculations of the two-component (binary) organic crystals using atom–atom potentials. The studied crystals consist of electron-rich and electron-deficient compounds, which form infinite stacks (columns) of heterodimers. The sublimation enthalpy of crystals has been evaluated by DFT periodic calculations, while intermolecular interactions have been characterized by Bader analysis of the periodic electronic density. The consideration of aromatic compounds without a dipole moment makes it possible to reveal the contribution of quadrupole–quadrupole interactions to the π-stacking energy. These interactions are significant for heterodimers formed by arenes with more than 2 rings, with absolute values of the traceless quadrupole moment (Qzz) larger than 10 D Å. The further aggregation of neighboring stacks is due to the C–H⋯F interactions in arene/perfluoroarene crystals. In crystals consisting of arene and an electron-deficient compound such as pyromellitic dianhydride, aggregation occurs due to the C–H⋯O interactions. The C–H⋯F and C–H⋯O inter-stacking interactions make the main contribution to the sublimation enthalpy, which exceeds 150 kJ mol−1 for the two-component crystals formed by arenes with more than 2 rings. The interplay of π-stacking and inter-stacking interactions in two-component organic crystals without conventional hydrogen bonds.![]()
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Ai Q, Getmanenko YA, Jarolimek K, Castañeda R, Timofeeva TV, Risko C. Unusual Electronic Structure of the Donor-Acceptor Cocrystal Formed by Dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine and 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4510-4515. [PMID: 28862454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mixed cocrystals derived from electron-rich donor (D) and electron-deficient acceptor (A) molecules showcase electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of interest for a wide range of applications. We explore the structural and electronic properties of a cocrystal synthesized from dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DTPhz) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), which has a mixed-stack packing arrangement of the (π-electronic) face-to-face stacks in a 2:1 D:A stoichiometry. Density functional theory investigations reveal that the primary electronic characteristics of the cocrystal are not determined by electronic interactions along the face-to-face stacks, but rather they are characterized by stronger electronic interactions orthogonal to these stacks that follow the edge-to-edge donor-donor or acceptor-acceptor contacts. These distinctive electronic characteristics portend semiconducting properties that are unusual for semiconducting mixed cocrystals and suggest further potential to design organic semiconductors with orthogonal transport characteristics for different charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiang Ai
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Yulia A Getmanenko
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University , Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701, United States
| | - Karol Jarolimek
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Raúl Castañeda
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University , Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701, United States
| | - Tatiana V Timofeeva
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University , Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701, United States
| | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
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Zhu L, Geng H, Yi Y, Wei Z. Charge transport in organic donor–acceptor mixed-stack crystals: the role of nonlocal electron–phonon couplings. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:4418-4425. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07417k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of nonlocal electron–phonon couplings on charge transport is found to be very small in organic donor–acceptor mixed-stack crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Naoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Hua Geng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- CAS Center for Excellence in Naoscience
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing 100190
- China
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Goetz KP, Tsutsumi J, Pookpanratana S, Chen J, Corbin NS, Behera RK, Coropceanu V, Richter CA, Hacker CA, Hasegawa T, Jurchescu OD. Polymorphism in the 1:1 Charge-Transfer Complex DBTTF-TCNQ and Its Effects on Optical and Electronic Properties. ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 2016; 2:1600203. [PMID: 29387522 PMCID: PMC5788010 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.201600203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The organic charge-transfer (CT) complex dibenzotetrathiafulvalene - 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (DBTTF-TCNQ) is found to crystallize in two polymorphs when grown by physical vapor transport: the known α-polymorph and a new structure, the β-polymorph. Structural and elemental analysis via selected area electron diffraction (SAED), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and polarized IR spectroscopy reveal that the complexes have the same stoichiometry with a 1:1 donor:acceptor ratio, but exhibit unique unit cells. The structural variations result in significant differences in the optoelectronic properties of the crystals, as observed in our experiments and electronic-structure calculations. Raman spectroscopy shows that the α-polymorph has a degree of charge transfer of about 0.5e, while the β-polymorph is nearly neutral. Organic field-effect transistors fabricated on these crystals reveal that in the same device structure both polymorphs show ambipolar charge transport, but the α-polymorph exhibits electron-dominant transport while the β-polymorph is hole-dominant. Together, these measurements imply that the transport features result from differing donor-acceptor overlap and consequential varying in frontier molecular orbital mixing, as suggested theoretically for charge-transfer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn P Goetz
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Jun'ya Tsutsumi
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan
| | - Sujitra Pookpanratana
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, USA
| | - Jihua Chen
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 38831, USA
| | - Nathan S Corbin
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Rakesh K Behera
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Curt A Richter
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, USA
| | - Christina A Hacker
- Engineering Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-1070, USA
| | - Tatsuo Hasegawa
- Flexible Electronics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan
| | - Oana D Jurchescu
- Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27109, USA
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